马哥linux高薪中级-POSTFIX邮件服务

Posted 2020-09-12

安装配置httpd文件

由于extmail要进行本地邮件的投递操作，所以必须以邮件投递代理所认可的用户身份运行httpd服务器。本利中打开了httpd服务器的suexec功能，所以使用一下方法来实现虚拟主机运行身份的指定。

<VirtualHost *:8081>

    ServerName mail.dtedugongbing.com

    DocumentRoot /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html/

    ScriptAlias /extmail/cgi /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi

    Alias /extmail /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html/

    CustomLog logs/mail.qupeiyin.net.log common

    suexecusergroup postfix postfix

</VirtualHost>

suexec：

默认情况下，运行httpd程序的用户会以相同的身份运行httpd的cgi功能，如果要实现两者的运行身份分离，就使用到了suexec参数。

也可以直接修改user、group两个全局控制用户权限的参数。

user postfix

Group postfix

listen 8081

修改CGI执行文件属主为postfix运行身份用户。

   chown -R postfix:postfix /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi/

通过WEB界面配置extmail。

登录邮箱管理后台，默认密码为extmail*123*

后台界面：

邮件加密传输SSL的运用

TCPDUMP

数据包抓包分析工具，常用的还有wireshark的tshark。

tcpdum语法：

tcpdump [optins] [protocol][direction][hosts][value][logical oprations][other expression]

反垃圾邮件工具：

内容过滤：

  APACHE:spanassassin，垃圾邮件分拣器，对英文支持比较好，中午支持并不太好。属于内容过滤器。

病毒邮件网关：

clamav：开源杀毒软件，通常作为病毒邮件服务器网关

邮件服务器呼叫器：

用于调用反垃圾工具及病毒网关等。

常见工具：amavisd-new（常用），mailscanner,mimedefang

RBL：实时黑名单列表，通常是付费的，是提供反垃圾邮件的一种方法。

补充知识：

使用maildrop替换postfix默认的邮件投递代理（MDA）virtual。

1、安装前先将courier-authlib的头文件、库文件、执行文件进行系统定位。并创建用于启动maildrop的用户及uid。

下面进入报错的解决方案：

extmail报错：

Can‘t locate CGI.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5) at /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs/Ext/CGI.pm line 20. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs/Ext/CGI.pm line 20. Compilation failed in require at /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs/Ext/App.pm line 23. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs/Ext/App.pm line 23. Compilation failed in require at /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs/Ext/App/Login.pm line 16. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs/Ext/App/Login.pm line 16. Compilation failed in require at index.cgi line 20.

解决：yum install perl-CGI

报错： Can‘t locate /var/www/cgi-bin/extmail//lang//en_US in @INC (@INC contains: /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5) at /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs/Ext/Lang.pm line 65.

解决：没有主文件

[[email protected] extmail]# cp webmail.cf.default webmail.cf 

[[email protected] extmail]# pwd /var/www/extsuite/extmail

报错：

Unix::Syslog not found, please install it first! (in cleanup) Undefined subroutine &Ext::Logger::do_closelog called at /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs/Ext/Logger.pm line 86.

解决方案：

没有这个包： Unix-Syslog-1.1.tar.gz

# perl Makefile.PL　　

 

 

安装这个包的报错

Can‘t locate ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at Makefile.PL line 1. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at Makefile.PL line 1.

解决

yum install -y perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker

# perl Makefile.PL # make install

报错

DBI connect(‘database=extmail;host=localhost;mysql_socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock‘,‘db_user‘,...) failed: Access denied for user ‘db_user‘@‘localhost‘ (using password: YES) at /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs/Ext/Auth/MySQL.pm line 45

解决：进入数据库失败，修改主配置文件。 SYS_MYSQL_USER = extmail SYS_MYSQL_PASS = extmail

 

报错 Can‘t chdir to /home/domains/extmail.org/postmaster/Maildir/, No such file or directory

解决：

 

SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /home/vmail 

# mail [email protected] 发封邮件让它创建邮件目录

 extmail后台的配置

后台的操作 同样的操作

NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName mail.example.com DocumentRoot /path/to/your/document/root/ ScriptAlias /extman/cgi /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi Alias /extman /var/www/extsuite/extman/html SuexecUserGroup vuser vgroup </VirtualHost>

只需要下面2行插入，mail前台配置中 ScriptAlias /extman/cgi /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi Alias /extman /var/www/extsuite/extman/html

最终Apache写入的配置：

<VirtualHost *:80>

ServerName mail.extmail.org

DocumentRoot /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html/

ScriptAlias /extmail/cgi /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi

Alias /extmail /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html

ScriptAlias /extman/cgi /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi

Alias /extman /var/www/extsuite/extman/html

SuexecUserGroup vmail vmail

</VirtualHost>

 

/var/www/extsuite/extman chown vmail.vmail . -R

验证码

/var/www/extsuite/extman

cp webman.cf.default webman.cf

vim webman.cf SYS_CAPTCHA_ON = 1

SYS_CAPTCHA_LEN = 4

关于主页的显示：

vim /etc/rc.local

/var/www/extsuite/extman/daemon/cmdserver &

后台图形监控报错：

Can‘t locate RRDs.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /var/www/extsuite/extman/libs /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at /var/www/extsuite/extman/libs/Ext/GraphLog.pm line 23. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /var/www/extsuite/extman/libs/Ext/GraphLog.pm line 23. Compilation failed in require at /var/www/extsuite/extman/libs/Ext/MgrApp/ViewLog.pm line 22. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /var/www/extsuite/extman/libs/Ext/MgrApp/ViewLog.pm line 22. Compilation failed in require at viewlog.cgi line 18.

解决方法： 下载软件包：rrdtool-perl-1.3.8-6.el6.x86_64.rpm yum localinstall rrdtool-perl-1.3.8-6.el6.x86_64.rpm

虽然显示出来监控目录，但是点击没反映：

# cp mailgraph_ext/ /usr/local/ -r 为什么要cp到/usr/local/下？

/usr/local/mailgraph_ext vim mailgraph-init会发现执行脚本的路经：BASEDIR=/usr/local/mailgraph_ext

# /usr/local/mailgraph_ext/mailgraph-init start

报错： Starting mail statistics grapher: mailgraph_ext Can‘t locate File/Tail.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at /usr/local/mailgraph_ext/mailgraph_ext.pl line 296. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /usr/local/mailgraph_ext/mailgraph_ext.pl line 296. Starting queue statistics grapher: qmonitor

下载包： File-Tail-0.99.3.tar.gz

tar -zxf File-Tail-0.99.3.tar.gz # cd File-Tail-0.99.3 # perl Makefile.PL

报错： File::Tail will be installed without debugging information. This information isn‘t usefull unless you intend to tinker with the code. To install with debugging enabled, use: perl Makefile.PL LOGIT Checking if your kit is complete... Looks good Warning: prerequisite Time::HiRes 1.12 not found. Writing Makefile for File::Tail

解决方法： # yum install perl-Time-HiRes -y # perl Makefile.PL # make install

# /usr/local/mailgraph_ext/mailgraph-init start

之后就会看到图形化监控。

参考文件： Linux 邮件服务器 之跟我一步一步来实现一个邮件系统

   postfix之courier-authlib详解

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