MySQL语法大全

Posted reminito

tags:

篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了MySQL语法大全相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。

select * from emp;  #注释
#---------------------------
#----命令行连接mysql---------
 
#启动mysql服务器
net start mysql
 
#关闭 
net stop mysql
  
#进入
mysql -h 主机地址 -u 用户名 -p 用户密码
 
#退出
exit

status;
显示当前mysql的version的各种信息。
 
#---------------------------
#----MySql用户管理---------
 
#修改密码:首先在DOS 下进入mysql安装路径的bin目录下,然后键入以下命令:
mysqladmin -uroot -p123 password 456;
 
#增加用户
#格式:grant 权限 on 数据库.* to 用户名@登录主机 identified by 密码
/*
如,增加一个用户user1密码为password1,让其可以在本机上登录, 并对所有数据库有查询、插入、修改、删除的权限。首先用以root用户连入mysql,然后键入以下命令:
grant select,insert,update,delete on *.* to [email protected] Identified by "password1";
如果希望该用户能够在任何机器上登陆mysql,则将localhost改为"%"。
如果你不想user1有密码,可以再打一个命令将密码去掉。
grant select,insert,update,delete on mydb.* to [email protected] identified by "";
*/
 
grant all privileges on wpj1105.* to sunxiao@localhost identified by 123;   #all privileges 所有权限
 
#----------------------------
#-----MySql数据库操作基础-----
 
#显示数据库
show databases;
 
#判断是否存在数据库wpj1105,有的话先删除
drop database if exists wpj1105;
 
#创建数据库
create database wpj1105;
 
#删除数据库
drop database wpj1105;
 
#使用该数据库
use wpj1105;
 
#显示数据库中的表
show tables;
 
#先判断表是否存在,存在先删除
drop table if exists student;
 
#创建表
create table student(
id int auto_increment primary key,
name varchar(50),
sex varchar(20),
date varchar(50),
content varchar(100)
)default charset=utf8;
 
#删除表
drop table student;
 
#查看表的结构
describe student;  #可以简写为desc student;
 
#插入数据
insert into student values(null,aa,,1988-10-2,......);
insert into student values(null,bb,,1889-03-6,......);
insert into student values(null,cc,,1889-08-8,......);
insert into student values(null,dd,,1889-12-8,......);
insert into student values(null,ee,,1889-09-6,......);
insert into student values(null,ff,null,1889-09-6,......);
#查询表中的数据
select * from student;
select id,name from student;
 
#修改某一条数据
update student set sex= where id=4;
 
#删除数据
delete from student where id=5;
 
# andselect * from student where date>1988-1-2 and date<1988-12-1;
 
# orselect * from student where date<1988-11-2 or date>1988-12-1;
  
#between
select * from student where date between 1988-1-2 and 1988-12-1;
 
#in 查询制定集合内的数据
select * from student where id in (1,3,5);
 
#排序 asc 升序  desc 降序
select * from student order by id asc;
 
#分组查询 #聚合函数
select max(id),name,sex from student group by sex;
 
select min(date) from student;
 
select avg(id) as 求平均 from student;
 
select count(*) from student;   #统计表中总数
 
select count(sex) from student;   #统计表中性别总数  若有一条数据中sex为空的话,就不予以统计~
 
select sum(id) from student;
 
#查询第i条以后到第j条的数据(不包括第i条)
select * from student limit 2,5;  #显示3-5条数据
 
#巩固练习
create table c(
 id int primary key auto_increment,
 name varchar(10) not null,
 sex varchar(50) ,  #DEFAULT  ,
 age int unsigned, #不能为负值(如为负值 则默认为0)
 sno int unique    #不可重复
);
 
drop table c;
desc c;
 
insert into c (id,name,sex,age,sno) values (null,涛哥,,68,1);
insert into c (id,name,sex,age,sno) values (null,aa,,68,2);
insert into c (id,name,sex,age,sno) values (null,平平,,35,3);
...
 
select * from c;
 
#修改数据
update c set age=66 where id=2;
update c set name=花花,age=21,sex= where id=2
delete from c where age=21;
 
#常用查询语句
select name,age ,id from c
select * from c where age>40 and age<60;  #and
select * from c where age<40 or age<60;  #or
select * from c where age between 40 and 60 #between
select * from c where age in (30,48,68,99);     #in 查询指定集合内的数据
select * from c order by age desc;      #order by (asc升序 des降序)
 
#分组查询
select name,max(age) from c group by sex;  #按性别分组查年龄最大值
#聚合函数
select min(age) from c;
select avg(age) as 平均年龄  from c;
select count(*) from c;  #统计表中数据总数
select sum(age) from c;
 
#修改表的名字
#格式:alter table tbl_name rename to new_name
alter table c rename to a;
  
#表结构修改
create table test
(
id int not null auto_increment primary key, #设定主键
name varchar(20) not null default NoName, #设定默认值
department_id int not null,
position_id int not null,
unique (department_id,position_id) #设定唯一值
);
 
#修改表的名字
#格式:alter table tbl_name rename to new_name
alter table test rename to test_rename;
 
#向表中增加一个字段(列)
#格式:alter table tablename add columnname type;/alter table tablename add(columnname type);
alter table test add  columnname varchar(20);
 
#修改表中某个字段的名字
alter table tablename change columnname newcolumnname type;  #修改一个表的字段名
alter table test change name uname varchar(50);
 
select * from test;
 
#表position 增加列test
alter table position add(test char(10));
#表position 修改列test
alter table position modify test char(20) not null;
#表position 修改列test 默认值
alter table position alter test set default system;
#表position 去掉test 默认值
alter table position alter test drop default;
#表position 去掉列test
alter table position drop column test;
#表depart_pos 删除主键
alter table depart_pos drop primary key;
#表depart_pos 增加主键
alter table depart_pos add primary key PK_depart_pos
(department_id,position_id);
 
#用文本方式将数据装入数据库表中(例如D:/mysql.txt)
load data local infile "D:/mysql.txt" into table MYTABLE;
 
#导入.sql文件命令(例如D:/mysql.sql)
source d:/mysql.sql;  #或者  /. d:/mysql.sql;

 

以上是关于MySQL语法大全的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章

VSCode自定义代码片段3——url大全

VSCode自定义代码片段——cli的终端命令大全

VSCode自定义代码片段4——cli的终端命令大全

MySQL语法大全

MySQL语法大全

MYSQL 命令语法大全