Mysql(主主)+Keepalived

Posted 2021-01-28

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Mysql(主主结构)+Keepalived实现数据库高可用

一、实现环境3台服务器，2台mysql,一台client

Mysql服务器命名为：master-10(ip:192.168.4.10)，master-20（ip:192.168.4.20）

Vip:192.168.4.100，clinet:192.168.4.30

使用3台虚拟机，2台作为mysql服务器，并部署Keepalived、1台作为客户端，拓扑结构如图。

技术分享图片

步骤一：配置网络环境，安装mysql数据库，配置主主结构

Mysql1服务器配置：

1）设置mysql服务器网络参数

1.[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
2.DEVICE=eth0
3.ONBOOT=yes
4.BOOTPROTO=static
5.IPADDR=192.168.4.10
6.[[email protected] ~]# service network restart //重启网卡
7.[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install mysql mysql-server //安装数据库

1) 配置192.168.4.10 做主数据库服务器

8.[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
9.log-bin=master10 //启用binlog日志
10.server_id=10 //指定自己server-id
11.
12.:wq
13.[[email protected] ~]#service msyqld start //重启数据库

2) 授权一个连接用户可以从远程来连接自己，并且有拷贝数据的权限

16.[[email protected] ~]#mysql -uroot -p
17.mysql> show master status; //查看值, 另外一台主数据库会用到这些值
18.>change master to master_host="192.168.4.20",master_user="slaveuser",master_password="123456",master_log_file="master20.000001",master_log_pos=120;
19.mysql> start slave; //启用保存

22.mysql> grant replication slave on . to [email protected]"192.168.4.20" identified by "654321";
23.
24.[[email protected] ~]#service mysqld restart //启动数据库
25.[[email protected] ~]# iptables -F;service iptables save //清空防火墙规则

Mysql2服务器配置：

27.[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
28.DEVICE=eth0
29.ONBOOT=yes
30.BOOTPROTO=static
31.IPADDR=192.168.4.20

32.[[email protected] ~]# service network restart //重启网卡
33.[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install mysql mysql-server //安装数据库
34.[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
35.log-bin=master20 //启用binlog日志
36.server_id=20 //指定自己server-id
37.
38.:wq
39.[[email protected] ~]#service msyqld start //重启数据库
40.
41.2) 授权一个连接用户可以从远程来连接自己，并且有拷贝数据的权限
42.[[email protected] ~]#mysql -uroot -p
43.
44.>show master status; //查看节点位置
45.>show slave staeetus; //查看，没指定前是空的
46.>change master to master_host="192.168.4.10",master_user="slaveuser",master_password="123456",master_log_file="master10.000001",master_log_pos=120;
47.>start slave; //启用保存
48.>show slave statusG;

49.授权ip地址有拷贝权限:
50.mysql> grant replication slave on . to [email protected]"192.168.4.10" identified by "654321";
51.
52.[[email protected] ~]#service msyqld start //重启数据库
53.[[email protected] ~]# iptables -F;service iptables save //清空防火墙规则

55.[[email protected] ~]#mysql -h192.168.4.10 -uroot -p654321 //测试授权用户是否有效

步骤二：安装Keepalived软件

注意：两台mysql服务器做相同的操作。

1.[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y gcc kernel-devel openssl-devel popt-devel
2.[[email protected] ~]# tar -xzf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
3.[[email protected] ~]# cd keepalived-1.2.7
4.[[email protected] keepalived-1.2.7]# ./configure --sysconf=/etc
5.[[email protected] keepalived-1.2.7]# ./configure --sysconf=/etc/ --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.x.x.x //可以按照此方法定义kernel位置,也可以忽略此步骤
6.[[email protected] keepalived-1.2.7]# make && make install
7.[[email protected] keepalived-1.2.7]# ls /etc/keepalived/
8.keepalived.conf samples
9.[[email protected] keepalived-1.2.7]# ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /sbin/
10.[[email protected] keepalived-1.2.7]# chkconfig keepalived on

11.[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y gcc kernel-devel openssl-devel popt-devel
12.[[email protected] ~]# tar -xzf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
13.[[email protected] ~]# cd keepalived-1.2.7
14.[[email protected] keepalived-1.2.7]# ./configure --sysconf=/etc
15.[[email protected] keepalived-1.2.7]# make && make install
16.[[email protected] keepalived-1.2.7]# ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /sbin/
17.[[email protected] keepalived-1.2.7]# chkconfig keepalived on

步骤三：部署Keepalived服务

1）修改mysql1服务器Keepalived主配置文件

1.[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
2.global_defs {
3.notification_email {
[email protected] · //设置报警收件人邮箱
5.}
6.notification_email_from [email protected] //设置发件人
7.smtp_server 127.0.0.1 · //定义发件人邮件服务器
8.smtp_connect_timeout 30
9.router_id mysql1 ·· //设置路由ID号
10.}
11.vrrp_instance VI_1 {
12.state MASTER //主服务器为MASTER
13.interface eth0 //定义网络接口
14.virtual_router_id 50 //主辅VRID号必须一致
15.priority 100 ·········· //服务器优先级
16.advert_int 1
17.authentication {
18.auth_type pass
19.auth_pass 1111 //主辅服务器密码必须一致
20.}
21.virtual_ipaddress { //定义虚拟服务器ip

192.168.4.100 }
23.}
24.下面的配置文件，可以直接删除，只用到上面的就ok了。

25.# scp keepalived.conf 192.168.4.20:/etc/keepalived/ //拷贝配置文件到20服务器上

2）修改mysql2服务器Keepalived配置文件。

1.[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
2.global_defs {
3.notification_email {
[email protected] //设置报警收件人邮箱
5.}
6.notification_email_from [email protected] //设置发件人
7.smtp_server 127.0.0.1 //定义邮件服务器
8.smtp_connect_timeout 30
9.router_id master2 //设置路由ID号
10.}
11.vrrp_instance VI_1 {
12.state SLAVE //从服务器为SLAVE
13.interface eth0 //定义网络接口
14.virtual_router_id 50 //主辅VRID号必须一致
15.priority 50 //服务器优先级
16.advert_int 1
17.authentication {
18.auth_type pass
19.auth_pass 1111 //主辅服务器密码必须一致
20.}
21.virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.4.100 }
22.}

3）启动服务

[[email protected] ~]# tail –f /var/log/messages //启动服务前可以观察日志文件变化
1.[[email protected] ~]# service keepalived start
2.[[email protected] ~]# service keepalived start

步骤四：测试

1）登录两台mysql服务器查看VIP信息，将会在mysql1上看到多出一个虚拟ip
1.[[email protected] ~]# ip addr show

2.[[email protected] ~]# ip addr show

Keepalived+mysql(主主结构)实现数据库高可用测试结果

测试结果如下图：
1）第一台mysql数据库（主）ip:4.10, 虚拟ip地址4.100

技术分享图片