异构平台同步（Mysql到Oracle）

Posted 2020-08-22 张冲andy

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Oracle GoldenGate学习之--异构平台同步（MySQL到Oracle）

如图所示：源端采用mysql库，目标端采用Oracle库

一、OGG安装配置（源端）

1、OGG下载

https://edelivery.oracle.com/EPD/Download/get_form?egroup_aru_number=14841438

https://edelivery.oracle.com/EPD/Download/get_form?egroup_aru_number=14841440

[[email protected] ogg_ms]$ uname -a

Linux ogg 2.6.32-71.el6.i686 #1 SMP Wed Sep 1 01:26:34 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

[[email protected] ~]$ cd /u01/ogg_ms/
[[email protected] ogg_ms]$ ls
ggs_Linux_x86_MySQL_32bit.tar
[[email protected] ogg_ms]$ tar xvf ggs_Linux_x86_MySQL_32bit.tar

[oracle[email protected] ogg_ms]$ ./ggsci
Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for MySQL
Version 11.2.1.0.1 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.1_PLATFORMS_120423.0230
Linux, x86, 32bit (optimized), MySQL Enterprise on Apr 23 2012 04:29:30
Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
GGSCI (ogg) 1> create subdirs
Creating subdirectories under current directory /u01/ogg_ms
Parameter files                /u01/ogg_ms/dirprm: already exists
Report files                   /u01/ogg_ms/dirrpt: created
Checkpoint files               /u01/ogg_ms/dirchk: created
Process status files           /u01/ogg_ms/dirpcs: created
SQL script files               /u01/ogg_ms/dirsql: created
Database definitions files     /u01/ogg_ms/dirdef: created
Extract data files             /u01/ogg_ms/dirdat: created
Temporary files                /u01/ogg_ms/dirtmp: created
Stdout files                   /u01/ogg_ms/dirout: created

二、数据库配置

源端：mysql库配置

数据库配置文件：
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin

# binary logging format - mixed recommended
#binlog_format=mixed
  binlog_format=row

启动数据库服务
[[email protected] ~]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL  

连接数据库                                           [  OK  ]
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -h localhost -u mysql -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.4-m7-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,
and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL v2 license
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

创建测试表（存储引擎采用innodb）
mysql> create table test2 (id int,name char(10)) engine=innodb;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| test2          |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test2;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

目标端：Oracle 库配置：

16:06:46 [email protected] prod >create user test identified by test ;
User created.

16:08:05 [email protected] prod >grant connect,resource to test;
Grant succeeded.

16:08:12 [email protected] prod >conn test/test
Connected.

16:08:18 [email protected] prod >create table test2 (id int,name varchar2(10));
Table created.

三、OGG同步配置

源端：Mysql库配置

[[email protected] ogg_ms]$ ./ggsci

Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for MySQL
Version 11.2.1.0.1 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.1_PLATFORMS_120423.0230
Linux, x86, 32bit (optimized), MySQL Enterprise on Apr 23 2012 04:29:30
Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
用户登录（root）：
GGSCI (ogg) 2> dblogin sourcedb [email protected]:3306,userid root,password oracle
Successfully logged into database.

配置mgr：
GGSCI (ogg) 3> edit param mgr
port 7809
dynamicportlist 7800-8000
autorestart extract *,waitminutes 2,resetminutes 5

GGSCI (ogg) 4> start mgr
Manager started.
GGSCI (ogg) 5> info mgr
Manager is running (IP port ogg.7809).

GGSCI (ogg) 6> info all
Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
MANAGER     RUNNING

配置extract进程组：
GGSCI (ogg) 7> edit param ext_1
extract ext_1
setenv (MYSQL_HOME=”/var/lib/mysql”)
tranlogoptions altlogdest /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index
sourcedb [email protected]:3306,userid root,password oracle
exttrail ./dirdat/e2
dynamicresolution
gettruncates
table test.test2;

GGSCI (ogg) 11> add extract ext_1,tranlog,begin now
EXTRACT added.
GGSCI (ogg) 12> add exttrail ./dirdat/e2,extract ext_1
EXTTRAIL added.

配置pump进程组：
GGSCI (ogg) 13> edit params pump_1
extract pump_1
rmthost 192.168.8.249,mgrport 7809
rmttrail /u01/ogg/dirdat/e2
passthru
gettruncates
table test.test2;

GGSCI (ogg) 14> add extract pump_1,exttrailsource ./dirdat/e2
EXTRACT added.

GGSCI (ogg) 15> add rmttrail  /u01/ogg/dirdat/e2,extract pump_1
RMTTRAIL added.

异构平台配置defgen：

GGSCI (ogg) 16> edit params defgen
defsfile /u01/ogg_ms/dirdef/defgen.prm
sourcedb [email protected]:3306, userid root,password oracle
table test.test2;

[[email protected] ogg_ms]$ ./defgen paramfile dirprm/defgen.prm
***********************************************************************
        Oracle GoldenGate Table Definition Generator for MySQL
      Version 11.2.1.0.1 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.1_PLATFORMS_120423.0230
 Linux, x86, 32bit (optimized), MySQL Enterprise on Apr 23 2012 04:59:19
Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
                    Starting at 2014-09-26 16:01:05
***********************************************************************
Operating System Version:
Linux
Version #1 SMP Wed Sep 1 01:26:34 EDT 2010, Release 2.6.32-71.el6.i686
Node: ogg
Machine: i686
                         soft limit   hard limit
Address Space Size   :    unlimited    unlimited
Heap Size            :    unlimited    unlimited
File Size            :    unlimited    unlimited
CPU Time             :    unlimited    unlimited
Process id: 2606
***********************************************************************
**            Running with the following parameters                  **
***********************************************************************
defsfile /u01/ogg_ms/dirdef/defgen.prm
sourcedb [email protected]:3306, userid root,password ******
table test.test2;
Retrieving definition for test.test2
Definitions generated for 1 table in /u01/ogg_ms/dirdef/defgen.prm

传送defgen文件到目标端：
[[email protected] ogg_ms]$ scp dirdef/defgen.prm rh6:/u01/ogg/dirdef
GGSCI (ogg) 5> info all
Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
MANAGER     RUNNING
EXTRACT     ABENDED     EXT_1       00:00:00      00:21:03
EXTRACT     RUNNING     PUMP_1      00:00:00      00:00:06

启动extract和pump进程：
GGSCI (ogg) 6> start extract ext_1
Sending START request to MANAGER ...
EXTRACT EXT_1 starting
GGSCI (ogg) 7> info all
Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
MANAGER     RUNNING
EXTRACT     ABENDED     EXT_1       00:00:00      00:21:17
EXTRACT     RUNNING     PUMP_1      00:00:00      00:00:09

extract进程启动异常（abended）！

查看日志：

GGSCI (ogg) 36> view ggsevt

2014-09-26 17:24:56 INFO OGG-01053 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: Recovery completed for target file ./dirdat/e20

00026, at RBA 961.

2014-09-26 17:24:56 INFO OGG-01057 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: Recovery completed for all targets.

2014-09-26 17:24:56 INFO OGG-00182 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: VAM API running in single-threaded mode.

2014-09-26 17:24:56 INFO OGG-01515 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: Positioning to begin time Sep 26, 2014 3:52:01

PM.

2014-09-26 17:24:56 ERROR OGG-00146 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: VAM function VAMInitialize returned unexpected

result: error 600 - VAM Client Report <CAUSE OF FAILURE : ERROR NO 13 - Failed to access index file : Check File PATH/EXISTENCE/PERMISSI

ONS - /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index

WHEN FAILED : While initializing binary log configuration

WHERE FAILED : MySQLBinLog Reader Module

CONTEXT OF FAILURE : No Information Available!>.

2014-09-26 17:24:56 ERROR OGG-01668 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: PROCESS ABENDING.

附录：解决方法（参考网络文档）

GoldenGate的官方文档明确表示，GoldenGate需要将MySQL的日志格式（binlog_format）设置为ROW，其他两种格式（MIXED or STATEMENT）是不支持。

########################################################################官方描述如下：

binlog_format: This parameter sets the format of the logs. It must be set to the value of ROW, which directs the database to log DML statements in binary format. Any other log format (MIXED or STATEMENT) causes Extract to abend.

########################################################################

但是MySQL在版本5.1.5之前是不支持ROW和MIXED格式（MySQL 5.1.5引入ROW，5.1.8引入MIXED）

#### 官方描述如下：http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/binary-log-formats.html

Support for row-based logging was added in MySQL 5.1.5. Mixed logging is available beginning with MySQL 5.1.8. In MySQL 5.1.12,MIXED become the default logging mode; in 5.1.29, the default was changed back to STATEMENT for compatibility with MySQL 5.0.

########################################################################

目前客户的MySQL版本是5.0.6-beta版：

D:\MySQL Server 5.0\bin>mysql -u root -p

Enter password: *****

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 111 to server version: 5.0.6-beta-nt-log

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the buffer.

mysql> select version();

+-------------------+

| version() |

+-------------------+

| 5.0.6-beta-nt-log|

+-------------------+

1 row in set (0.02 sec)

这个版本是不支持binlog_format=ROW，所以安装好GolenGate后，启动抽取进程时，进程abend

########################################################################下面是出错信息：

2014-09-16 16:55:16 ERROR OGG-00146 VAM function VAMRead returned unexpected result: error 600 - VAM Client Report <CAUSE OF FAILURE : STATEMENT or MIXED level logging found so abending

WHEN FAILED : While reading log event from binary log

WHERE FAILED : MySQLBinLog Reader Module

CONTEXT OF FAILURE : No Information Available!>

因此如果想要采用GoldenGate来实现MySQL的数据实时同步，需要将MySQL版本升级到5.1.5以上.

四、目标端ogg配置

配置MGR
GGSCI (rh6.cuug.net) 4> edit params mgr
port 7809
dynamicportlist 7800-8000
autorestart extract *,waitminutes 2,resetminutes 5
~
GGSCI (rh6.cuug.net) 5> start mgr
Manager started.
GGSCI (rh6.cuug.net) 6> info mgr
Manager is running (IP port rh6.cuug.net.7809).

配置replicat进程组：
[[email protected] ogg]$ ./ggsci
Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle
Version 11.2.1.0.1 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.1_PLATFORMS_120423.0230_FBO
Linux, x86, 32bit (optimized), Oracle 11g on Apr 23 2012 08:09:25
Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
GGSCI (rh6.cuug.net) 1>
GGSCI (rh6.cuug.net) 1> edit param rep_1
replicat rep_1
sourcedefs /u01/ogg/dirdef/defgen.prm
userid ogg,password ogg
reperror default,discard
discardfile /u01/ogg/dirrpt/rep_1.dsc,append,megabytes 50
dynamicresolution
map test.test2, target test.test2;

GGSCI (rh6.cuug.net) 1>  add replicat rep_1,exttrail /u01/ogg/dirdat/e2
REPLICAT added.

启动mgr和replicat进程：
GGSCI (rh6.cuug.net) 3> start mgr
Manager started.
GGSCI (rh6.cuug.net) 4> info all
Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
MANAGER     RUNNING
REPLICAT    STOPPED     REP_1       00:00:00      00:00:34
REPLICAT    ABENDED     RORA_1      00:00:00      383:08:47

GGSCI (rh6.cuug.net) 5> start replicat rep_1
Sending START request to MANAGER ...
REPLICAT REP_1 starting
GGSCI (rh6.cuug.net) 6> info all
Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
MANAGER     RUNNING
REPLICAT    RUNNING     REP_1       00:00:00      00:00:00

由于源端extract进程异常，数据不能同步，问题未解决，欢迎指导，待续...

问题解决：

更换mysql-5.5.12的版本，目前Golden Gate 版本不支持mysql-5.6

GGSCI (ogg) 1> edit param ext_1

配置/etc/my.cnf文件：

# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin
log-bin-index=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index
# binary logging format - mixed recommended
#binlog_format=mixed
binlog_format=row

并编辑extract进程组配置文件

GGSCI (ogg) 1> edit param ext_1

extract ext_1

setenv (MYSQL_HOME=”/var/lib/mysql”)

tranlogoptions altlogdest /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index

sourcedb [email protected]:3306,userid root,password oracle

exttrail ./dirdat/e2

dynamicresolution

gettruncates

table test.test2;

启动extract 进程

GGSCI (ogg) 2> start ext_1
Sending START request to MANAGER ...
EXTRACT EXT_1 starting
GGSCI (ogg) 3> info all
Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
MANAGER     RUNNING
EXTRACT     ABENDED     EXT_1       00:00:00      72:19:40
EXTRACT     RUNNING     PUMP_1      00:00:00      00:00:01

仍然失败，以下为ogg日志：

[[email protected] ogg_ms]# tail ggserr.log

2014-09-29 16:29:09  INFO    OGG-01026  Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm:  Rolling over remote file ./dirdat/e2000143.
2014-09-29 16:29:09  INFO    OGG-01053  Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm:  Recovery completed for target file ./dirdat/e2000144, at RBA 959.
2014-09-29 16:29:09  INFO    OGG-01057  Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm:  Recovery completed for all targets.
2014-09-29 16:29:09  INFO    OGG-00182  Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm:  VAM API running in single-threaded mode.
2014-09-29 16:29:09  INFO    OGG-01515  Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm:  Positioning to begin time Sep 26, 2014 3:52:01 PM.
2014-09-29 16:29:09  ERROR   OGG-00146  Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm:  VAM function VAMInitialize returned unexpected result: error 600 - VAM Client Report <CAUSE OF FAILURE : Position time is prior then earliest time available in the log : Earliest time available in the log is 2014-09-29 15:34:40
WHEN FAILED : SetInitialPosition by time stamp
WHERE FAILED : MySQLBinLog Reader Module
CONTEXT OF FAILURE : No Information Available!>.
2014-09-29 16:29:09  ERROR   OGG-01668  Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm:  PROCESS ABENDING.

重新删除extract进程组，重新添加

bash-4.1$ ./ggsci
Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for MySQL
Version 11.2.1.0.1 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.1_PLATFORMS_120423.0230
Linux, x86, 32bit (optimized), MySQL Enterprise on Apr 23 2012 04:29:30
Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
GGSCI (ogg) 1> delete extract ext_1
Deleted EXTRACT EXT_1.
GGSCI (ogg) 2> add extract ext_1,tranlog,begin now
EXTRACT added.
GGSCI (ogg) 3> add exttrail ./dirdat/e2,extract ext_1
EXTTRAIL added.
GGSCI (ogg) 4> start ext_1
Sending START request to MANAGER ...
EXTRACT EXT_1 starting
GGSCI (ogg) 5> info all
Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
MANAGER     RUNNING
EXTRACT     RUNNING     EXT_1       00:00:23      00:00:03
EXTRACT     RUNNING     PUMP_1      00:00:00      00:00:01

extract进程，启动成功！

查看日志：

-bash-4.1$ tail ggserr.log

2014-09-29 16:55:12 INFO OGG-00993 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: EXTRACT EXT_1 started.
2014-09-29 16:55:12 INFO OGG-01055 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: Recovery initialization completed for target file ./dirdat/e2000155, at RBA 959.
2014-09-29 16:55:12 INFO OGG-01478 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: Output file ./dirdat/e2 is using format RELEASE 11.2.
2014-09-29 16:55:12 WARNING OGG-01438 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: Checkpoint marked as from graceful shutdown, but records found after checkpoint in trail ./dirdat/e2. Expected EOF Seqno 0, RBA 0. Found Seqno 155, RBA 959.
2014-09-29 16:55:12 INFO OGG-01026 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: Rolling over remote file ./dirdat/e2000155.
2014-09-29 16:55:12 INFO OGG-01053 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: Recovery completed for target file ./dirdat/e2000156, at RBA 959.
2014-09-29 16:55:12 INFO OGG-01057 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: Recovery completed for all targets.
2014-09-29 16:55:12 INFO OGG-00182 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: VAM API running in single-threaded mode.
2014-09-29 16:55:12 INFO OGG-01515 Oracle GoldenGate Capture for MySQL, ext_1.prm: Positioning to begin time Sep 29, 2014 4:54:48 PM.

数据同步，任务继续...

本文出自 “天涯客的blog” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://tiany.blog.51cto.com/513694/1558620

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