CentOS 7.4 自定义单实例 二进制方式 安装mysql5.6.39

Posted 2020-10-31

系统平台：
CentOS release 7.4 (Final)             内核  3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64

1.去官网下载二进制包

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

2.创建用于启动mysql的账号和组

#getent group mysql > /dev/null || groupadd mysql
#getent passwd mysql > /dev/null || useradd -g mysql -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql

3.解压包至/usr/local

#tar xvf mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

4.创建软链接mysql指向解压后的目录

#cd /usr/local/
#ln -sv mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql

5.修改mysql文件夹所属者和所属组

#chown -R mysql.mysql mysql/

6.添加PATH至环境变量中

#echo ‘PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH‘ >> /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

检查文件
#cat /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

加载环境变量文件 并检查
#source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
#echo $PATH

7.创建数据库存放文件夹和相关文件并修改权限

# mkdir -pv /data/mysqldb/3306/{logs,bin-logs,run,data}
# touch /data/mysqldb/3306/run/mysqld.pid
# touch /data/mysqldb/3306/logs/mysql-error.log
# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysqldb/ -R
# chmod -R 770 /data/mysqldb/
# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysqldb/
# chmod -R 770 /data/mysqldb

文件没有创建的话，启动Mysql时将会报错

8.修改配置文件

#vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysqldb/3306/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
log-bin = /data/mysqldb/3306/bin-logs/mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
symbolic-links=0
innodb_file_per_table = 1
skip_name_resolve = 1
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 2
pid-file = /data/mysqldb/3306/run/mysqld.pid
log-error = /data/mysqldb/3306/logs/mysql-error.log
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB

[mysqld_safe]

# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

9.初始化数据库

# cd /usr/local/mysql
# bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqldb/3306/data

10.复制启动服务脚本至/etc/init.d目录（小坑）

使用二进制安装包里面的support-files/mysql.server这个启动脚本死活不能启动，报以下错误
Starting MySQL. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysqldb/3306/run/mysqld.pid).
无奈之下，去mysql官网下载一个mysql的源码包，使用里面的mysql.server就没问题。呵呵。
#cp mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

11.添加开机启动

# chkconfig --add mysqld
# chkconfig mysqld on

#chkconfig --list mysqld
mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

12.启动mysql服务

#service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

13.检查确认

检查3306端口是否开启

#ss -ntl | grep 3306
LISTEN     0      50                        *:3306                     *:*

确认版本

# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.39, for linux-glibc2.12 (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

14.进行安全配置

#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

按提示操作即可

15.客户端连接

#mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 14
Server version: 5.6.39-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

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