MySQL操作

Posted 2020-09-22

#=========1、mysql====================================

#导入与还原数据库

mysqldump -uroot -p zabbix > /root/zabbix.sql

还原数据库

mysql -uroot -p zabbix < /root/zabbix.sql  

#清理binlog

mysql -uroot -p

help purge

PURGE MASTER LOGS BEFORE ‘2003-04-02 22:46:26‘;

#更改 root密码

service mysql stop

echo skip-grant-tables > /etc/my.conf

service mysql start

mysql

USR root;

UPDATE user SET Password = password ( ‘1q2w3e4r5t‘ ) WHERE User = ‘root‘ ; 

flush privileges ;

quit

vi /etc/my.conf

#skip-grant-tables

wq

#取消密码复杂性

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘vali%‘;  #查看是否启用了密码复杂性

[mysqld]

validate_password=off

#安装Precona

yum -y remove mysql-libs

yum install cronie cronie-anacron crontabs redhat-lsb-core sysstat

#yum -y install mysql-client mysql-server

#mysql config

#service mysql start

#chkconfig mysql on

yum install http://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-release/redhat/0.1-3/percona-release-0.1-3.noarch.rpm

yum install Percona-Server-shared-56 Percona-Server-client-56 Percona-Server-server-56

service mysqld start

chkconfig mysqld on    #设置开机启动

MySQL -v   #检测MySQL版本

#mysqladmin -u root passwd root  给root设置数据库密码

===# 主从复制========================================

#打开Master数据库 my.conf文件

vi /etc/my.conf

server_id=1

binlog_format=ROW

binlog_row_image=minimal

#设置需要备份的数据库

binlog-do-db=db_01 

binlog-do-db=db_02

expire-logs-days=7 #保留7天的二进制日志

binlog_format=MIXED  #设置binlog格式为MIXED

log-bin = mysql-bin #开启MYSQL二进制日志

wq

service mysql restart 

mysql #进入mysql

use ebdb_trans; #使用ebdb_trans数据库

grant replication slave on *.* to ‘backup‘@‘192.168.0.11‘identified by ‘你的密码‘; #设置slave IP和登陆权限

flush privileges;

flush tables with read lock;

reset master；

show master status\G; #查看file、position 并记录该值

exit

#备份master数据库到slave

mysqldump ebdb_trans > /root/ebdb_trans.sql

#切换到slave并恢复数据库

mysql ebdb_trans < /root/ebdb_trans

vi my.conf

server-id=2

replication-do-db=ebdb_trans #需要复制的数据库名称

slave-skip-errors=1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396  #自动跳过的错误代码，以防复制出错被中断

wq

mysql #指定主库信息

reset slave;

change master to master_host=‘192.168.0.8‘,master_user=‘backup‘,master_password=‘28270033‘,master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000001‘,master_log_pos=120;

start slave; #启动slave

show slave status\G; #检查从库状态 （Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes）file

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常见问题：

1. Slave_IO_Running:no 

（1查看 my.conf ---server-id 是否与master相同；

（2查看server_UUID是否与master相同,如相同则修改/var/lib/mysql/auto.conf 

进入mysql 

show variables like ‘%server_uuid%‘

2. Slave_SQL_Running: no 

停掉从库，并重新指定主库信息，最后启动slave

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