MySQL练习题参考答案

Posted 2020-09-20 小小蔡芽

2、查询“生物”课程比“物理”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号；

思路：

    获取所有有生物课程的人（学号，成绩） - 临时表

    获取所有有物理课程的人（学号，成绩） - 临时表

    根据【学号】连接两个临时表：

        学号  物理成绩   生物成绩

  

    然后再进行筛选

  

        select A.student_id,sw,ty from

  

        (select student_id,num as sw from score left join course on score.course_id = course.cid where course.cname = ‘生物‘) as A

  

        left join

  

        (select student_id,num  as ty from score left join course on score.course_id = course.cid where course.cname = ‘体育‘) as B

  

        on A.student_id = B.student_id where sw > if(isnull(ty),0,ty);

  

3、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩；

    思路：

        根据学生分组，使用avg获取平均值，通过having对avg进行筛选

  

        select student_id,avg(num) from score group by student_id having avg(num) > 60

  

4、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩；

  

    select score.student_id,sum(score.num),count(score.student_id),student.sname

    from

        score left join student on score.student_id = student.sid 

    group by score.student_id

  

5、查询姓“李”的老师的个数；

    select count(tid) from teacher where tname like ‘李%‘

  

    select count(1) from (select tid from teacher where tname like ‘李%‘) as B

  

6、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名；

    思路：

        先查到“李平老师”老师教的所有课ID

        获取选过课的所有学生ID

        学生表中筛选

    select * from student where sid not in (

        select DISTINCT student_id from score where score.course_id in (

            select cid from course left join teacher on course.teacher_id = teacher.tid where tname = ‘李平老师‘

        )

    )

  

7、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名；

    思路：

        先查到既选择001又选择002课程的所有同学

        根据学生进行分组，如果学生数量等于2表示，两门均已选择

  

    select student_id,sname from

  

    (select student_id,course_id from score where course_id = 1 or course_id = 2) as B

       

    left join student on B.student_id = student.sid group by student_id HAVING count(student_id) > 1

  

  

8、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名；

  

    同上，只不过将001和002变成 in (叶平老师的所有课)

  

9、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名；

    同第1题

  

  

10、查询有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名；

          

    select sid,sname from student where sid in (

        select distinct student_id from score where num < 60

    )

  

11、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名；

    思路：

        在分数表中根据学生进行分组，获取每一个学生选课数量

        如果数量 == 总课程数量，表示已经选择了所有课程

  

        select student_id,sname

        from score left join student on score.student_id = student.sid

        group by student_id HAVING count(course_id) = (select count(1) from course)

  

  

12、查询至少有一门课与学号为“001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名；

    思路：

        获取 001 同学选择的所有课程

        获取课程在其中的所有人以及所有课程

        根据学生筛选，获取所有学生信息

        再与学生表连接，获取姓名

  

        select student_id,sname, count(course_id)

        from score left join student on score.student_id = student.sid

        where student_id != 1 and course_id in (select course_id from score where student_id = 1) group by student_id

  

13、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所有课的其他同学学号和姓名；

        先找到和001的学过的所有人

        然后个数 ＝ 001所有学科     ＝＝》 其他人可能选择的更多

  

        select student_id,sname, count(course_id)

        from score left join student on score.student_id = student.sid

        where student_id != 1 and course_id in (select course_id from score where student_id = 1) group by student_id having count(course_id) ＝ (select count(course_id) from score where student_id = 1)

  

14、查询和“002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名；

          

        个数相同

        002学过的也学过

  

        select student_id,sname from score left join student on score.student_id = student.sid where student_id in (

            select student_id from score  where student_id != 1 group by student_id HAVING count(course_id) = (select count(1) from score where student_id = 1)

        ) and course_id in (select course_id from score where student_id = 1) group by student_id HAVING count(course_id) = (select count(1) from score where student_id = 1)

  

  

15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的score表记录；

  

    delete from score where course_id in (

        select cid from course left join teacher on course.teacher_id = teacher.tid where teacher.name = ‘叶平‘

    )

  

16、向SC表中插入一些记录，这些记录要求符合以下条件：①没有上过编号“002”课程的同学学号；②插入“002”号课程的平均成绩；

    思路：

        由于insert 支持

                inset into tb1(xx,xx) select x1,x2 from tb2;

        所有，获取所有没上过002课的所有人，获取002的平均成绩

  

    insert into score(student_id, course_id, num) select sid,2,(select avg(num) from score where course_id = 2)

    from student where sid not in (

        select student_id from score where course_id = 2

    )

      

17、按平均成绩从低到高 显示所有学生的“语文”、“数学”、“英语”三门的课程成绩，按如下形式显示： 学生ID,语文,数学,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分；

    select sc.student_id,

        (select num from score left join course on score.course_id = course.cid where course.cname = "生物" and score.student_id=sc.student_id) as sy,

        (select num from score left join course on score.course_id = course.cid where course.cname = "物理" and score.student_id=sc.student_id) as wl,

        (select num from score left join course on score.course_id = course.cid where course.cname = "体育" and score.student_id=sc.student_id) as ty,

        count(sc.course_id),

        avg(sc.num)

    from score as sc

    group by student_id desc       

  

18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，最高分，最低分；

      

    select course_id, max(num) as max_num, min(num) as min_num from score group by course_id;

  

19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序；

    思路：case when .. then

    select course_id, avg(num) as avgnum,sum(case when score.num > 60 then 1 else 0 END)/count(1)*100 as percent from score group by course_id order by avgnum asc,percent desc;

  

20、课程平均分从高到低显示（现实任课老师）；

  

    select avg(if(isnull(score.num),0,score.num)),teacher.tname from course

    left join score on course.cid = score.course_id

    left join teacher on course.teacher_id = teacher.tid

  

    group by score.course_id

  

  

21、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况)

    select score.sid,score.course_id,score.num,T.first_num,T.second_num from score left join

    (

    select

        sid,

        (select num from score as s2 where s2.course_id = s1.course_id order by num desc limit 0,1) as first_num,

        (select num from score as s2 where s2.course_id = s1.course_id order by num desc limit 3,1) as second_num

    from

        score as s1

    ) as T

    on score.sid =T.sid

    where score.num <= T.first_num and score.num >= T.second_num

  

22、查询每门课程被选修的学生数；

      

    select course_id, count(1) from score group by course_id;

  

23、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名；

    select student.sid, student.sname, count(1) from score

  

    left join student on score.student_id  = student.sid

  

     group by course_id having count(1) = 1

  

  

24、查询男生、女生的人数；

    select * from

    (select count(1) as man from student where gender=‘男‘) as A ,

    (select count(1) as feman from student where gender=‘女‘) as B

  

25、查询姓“张”的学生名单；

    select sname from student where sname like ‘张%‘;

  

26、查询同名同姓学生名单，并统计同名人数；

  

    select sname,count(1) as count from student group by sname;

  

27、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩升序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程号降序排列；

    select course_id,avg(if(isnull(num), 0 ,num)) as avg from score group by course_id order by avg     asc,course_id desc;

  

28、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩；

  

    select student_id,sname, avg(if(isnull(num), 0 ,num)) from score left join student on score.student_id = student.sid group by student_id;

  

29、查询课程名称为“数学”，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数；

  

    select student.sname,score.num from score

    left join course on score.course_id = course.cid

    left join student on score.student_id = student.sid

    where score.num < 60 and course.cname = ‘生物‘

  

30、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名；

    select * from score where score.student_id = 3 and score.num > 80

  

31、求选了课程的学生人数

  

    select count(distinct student_id) from score

  

    select count(c) from (

        select count(student_id) as c from score group by student_id) as A

  

32、查询选修“杨艳”老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩；

      

    select sname,num from score

    left join student on score.student_id = student.sid

    where score.course_id in (select course.cid from course left join teacher on course.teacher_id = teacher.tid where tname=‘张磊老师‘) order by num desc limit 1;

  

33、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数；

    select course.cname,count(1) from score

    left join course on score.course_id = course.cid

    group by course_id;

  

  

34、查询不同课程但成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩；

    select DISTINCT s1.course_id,s2.course_id,s1.num,s2.num from score as s1, score as s2 where s1.num = s2.num and s1.course_id != s2.course_id;

  

35、查询每门课程成绩最好的前两名；

  

    select score.sid,score.course_id,score.num,T.first_num,T.second_num from score left join

    (

    select

        sid,

        (select num from score as s2 where s2.course_id = s1.course_id order by num desc limit 0,1) as first_num,

        (select num from score as s2 where s2.course_id = s1.course_id order by num desc limit 1,1) as second_num

    from

        score as s1

    ) as T

    on score.sid =T.sid

    where score.num <= T.first_num and score.num >= T.second_num

  

36、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号；

    select student_id from score group by student_id having count(student_id) > 1

  

37、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名；

    select course_id,count(1) from score group by course_id having count(1) = (select count(1) from student);

  

38、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名；

    select student_id,student.sname from score

    left join student on score.student_id = student.sid

    where score.course_id not in (

        select cid from course left join teacher on course.teacher_id = teacher.tid where tname = ‘张磊老师‘

    )

    group by student_id

  

39、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩；

  

    select student_id,count(1) from score where num < 60 group by student_id having count(1) > 2

  

40、检索“004”课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的同学学号；

    select student_id from score where num< 60 and course_id = 4 order by num desc;

  

41、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩；

    delete from score where course_id = 1 and student_id = 2