CentOS 7 静默安装oracle 11R2 ，并手动创建数据库 createdatabase

Posted 2020-09-14

官方文档：http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24326/toc.htm#BHCCADGD

需要的安装包：

binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7.x86_64 

compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7.x86_64 

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.i686

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.x86_64

gcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 

gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 

glibc-2.17-36.el7.i686 

glibc-2.17-36.el7.x86_64 

glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.i686 

glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.x86_64 

ksh

libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.i686 

libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64 

libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.i686 

libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64 

libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.i686 

libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 

libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.i686 

libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 

libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.i686 

libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64 

libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.i686 

libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.x86_64 

libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.i686 

libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.x86_64 

make-3.82-19.el7.x86_64 

sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7.x86_64

unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later

unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later

unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later

unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later

yum 进行安装：

yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*i686 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc*.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.devel libgcc libgcc*.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.devel libXi libXi*.i686 libXtst libXtst*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686

创建oinstall和dba组

/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

/usr/sbin/groupadd dba

创建oracle用户

/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

设置oracle用户密码

passwd oracle

验证创建是否正确

[[email protected] ~]# id oracle

uid=1000(oracle) gid=1000(oinstall) 组=1000(oinstall),1001(dba)

配置内核参数

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf

# System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf.

# To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/<name>.conf file

#

# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

参数的值不能小于上面的配置，这是oracle官方建议的最小值，生产环境建议调整这些参数，以优化系统性能。

修改后使之生效

/sbin/sysctl -p

修改用户限制

vim  /etc/security/limits.conf

#在末尾添加

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240

创建安装目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/

配置环境变量

su - oracle

vim .bash_profile

#在文件尾追加：

#oracle数据库安装目录

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app

#oracle数据库路径    

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1

#oracle启动数据库实例名

export ORACLE_SID=orcl 

#添加系统环境变量

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH 

#添加系统环境变量

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

使bash_profile生效：

source .bash_profile

解压oracle 数据库安装包

unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

修改静默安装配置文件 /home/oracle 为oracle安装文件目录

vim /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp

配置内容为：

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY     // 安装类型

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=node1001// 主机名称（hostname查询）

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall     // 安装组

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory   //INVENTORY目录（不填就是默认值）

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW // 选择语言

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1    //oracle_home

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app                      //oracle_base

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE 　　　　// oracle版本

oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false 　　//自定义安装，否，使用默认组件

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba /　　/ dba用户组

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall // oper用户组

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE //数据库类型

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl //globalDBName

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl      //SID

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=81920 //自动管理内存的内存(M)

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle //设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码

SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false         //（手动写了false）

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true 　　//设置安全更新（貌似是有bug，这个一定要选true，否则会无限提醒邮件地址有问题，终止安装。PS：不管地址对不对）

开始静默安装

[[email protected] database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp

查看安装目录

tail -f /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2016-08-31_06-56-29PM.log

出现类似如下提示表示安装完成：

------------------------------------------------------------------------

The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user. 

#!/bin/sh 

#Root scripts to run

 

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

To execute the configuration scripts:

 1. Open a terminal window 

2. Log in as "root" 

3. Run the scripts 

4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue 

Successfully Setup Software.

切换到root用户执行sh脚本

su - root
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/root.sh

切换到oracle用户，配置监听程序

su - oracle

netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp

手动编辑监听文件

vim $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora

监听文件内容

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: 

/u01/app/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

#LISTENER =

#  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

#    (DESCRIPTION =

#      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

#      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = node1003)(PORT = 1521))

#    )

#  )

#ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

  (SID_LIST =

    (SID_DESC =

      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)

      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1)

      (SID_NAME = orcl)

    )

  )

LISTENER =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.64.4)(PORT = 1521))

  )

启动监听程序

lsnrctl start

编辑数据库控制文件，根据实际情况编辑

vim $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora

*.audit_file_dest=‘/u01/app/admin/orcl/adump‘

*.audit_trail=‘db‘

*.compatible=‘11.2.0.4‘

*.control_files=‘/u01/app/oradata/orcl/ora_control1‘

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=‘‘

*.db_name=‘orcl‘

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G

*.db_recovery_file_dest=‘/u01/app/fast_recovery_area‘

*.diagnostic_dest=‘/u01/app‘

*.memory_target=8G

*.open_cursors=150

*.processes=300

*.remote_login_passwordfile=‘EXCLUSIVE‘

*.undo_tablespace=‘UNDOTBS1‘

启动数据库，准备创建数据库

sqlplus / as sysdba

startup mount;

=======手动创建数据库语句如下：=============================================

根据实际情况执行调整

create database orcl

 maxlogfiles 5

 maxlogmembers 5

 maxdatafiles 100

 maxinstances 1

 logfile

 group 1 (‘/u01/app/oradata/orcl/redo1.log‘) size 200m,

 group 2 (‘/u01/app/oradata/orcl/redo2.log‘) size 200m,

 group 3 (‘/u01/app/oradata/orcl/redo3.log‘) size 200m

 datafile

 ‘/u01/app/oradata/orcl/system.dbf‘ size 200m reuse

 sysaux datafile ‘/u01/app/oradata/orcl/sysaux.dbf‘ size 300m

 default tablespace users

 datafile ‘/u01/app/oradata/orcl/userdata.dbf‘ size 300m

 undo tablespace undotbs1

 datafile ‘/u01/app/oradata/orcl/undo1.dbf‘ size 300m

 default temporary tablespace temp1

 tempfile ‘/u01/app/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf‘

 size 100m reuse

 character set al32utf8

手动创建完数据库后，sqlplus 下先后执行相关脚本文件

@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

执行完成之后，数据库创建完成，查看数据库状态

select status from v$instance;

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