Ansible作为python模块库使用

Posted 2021-04-25 python运维技术

最近在后台发送消息的小伙伴我没能回复的，比较抱歉，因为平时比较忙消息可能无法及时回复，还请尽可能选择留言的方式进行交流，以下是正文：

Asible是运维工具中算是非常好的利器，我个人比较喜欢，可以根据需求灵活配置yml文件来实现不同的业务需求，因为不需要安装客户端，上手还是非常容易的，在某些情况下你可能需要将ansible作为python的一个库组件写入到自己的脚本中，今天的脚本脚本就将展示下ansible如何跟python脚本结合，也就是如何在python脚本中使用ansible，我们逐步展开，先看第一个例子：

#!/usr/bin/python 

import ansible.runner

import ansible.playbook

import ansible.inventory

from ansible import callbacks

from ansible import utils

import json

# the fastest way to set up the inventory

# hosts list

hosts = ["10.11.12.66"]

# set up the inventory, if no group is defined then 'all' group is used by default

example_inventory = ansible.inventory.Inventory(hosts)

pm = ansible.runner.Runner(

    module_name = 'command',

    module_args = 'uname -a',

    timeout = 5,

    inventory = example_inventory,

    subset = 'all' # name of the hosts group 

    )

out = pm.run()

print json.dumps(out, sort_keys=True, indent=4, separators=(',', ': '))

这个例子展示我们如何在python脚本中运行如何通过ansible运行系统命令.

我们接下来看第二个例子，跟我们的yml文件对接，简单的yml文件内容如下：

- hosts: sample_group_name

  tasks:

    - name: just an uname

      command: uname -a

调用playbook的python脚本如下：

#!/usr/bin/python 

import ansible.runner

import ansible.playbook

import ansible.inventory

from ansible import callbacks

from ansible import utils

import json

### setting up the inventory

## first of all, set up a host (or more)

example_host = ansible.inventory.host.Host(

    name = '10.11.12.66',

    port = 22

    )

# with its variables to modify the playbook

example_host.set_variable( 'var', 'foo')

## secondly set up the group where the host(s) has to be added

example_group = ansible.inventory.group.Group(

    name = 'sample_group_name'

    )

example_group.add_host(example_host)

## the last step is set up the invetory itself

example_inventory = ansible.inventory.Inventory()

example_inventory.add_group(example_group)

example_inventory.subset('sample_group_name')

# setting callbacks

stats = callbacks.AggregateStats()

playbook_cb = callbacks.PlaybookCallbacks(verbose=utils.VERBOSITY)

runner_cb = callbacks.PlaybookRunnerCallbacks(stats, verbose=utils.VERBOSITY)

# creating the playbook instance to run, based on "test.yml" file

pb = ansible.playbook.PlayBook(

    playbook = "test.yml",

    stats = stats,

    callbacks = playbook_cb,

    runner_callbacks = runner_cb,

    inventory = example_inventory,

    check=True

    )

# running the playbook

pr = pb.run()  

# print the summary of results for each host

print json.dumps(pr, sort_keys=True, indent=4, separators=(',', ': '))

今天展示2个小例子希望对大家有帮助。