Nginx 搭建图片服务器

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来源:http://t.cn/RY9AX0i

  • 本章知识点

  • 单元测试

  • Maven 的Web 项目

    • 项目核心配置文件

    • Service 层

    • Controller 层

    • Views视图层

  • 总结


本章内容通过nginx 和 FTP 搭建图片服务器。在学习本章内容前,请确保您的Linux 系统已经安装了Nginx和Vsftpd。

Nginx 安装

http://www.cnblogs.com/itdragon/p/7850985.html

Vsftpd 安装

http://www.cnblogs.com/itdragon/p/7857649.html


本章知识点

效果图:

  • 需求:实现图片的上传和批量上传

  • 技术:Nginx,Vsftpd,Spring,SpringMVC,KindEditor,CentOS

  • 说明:本章节内容主要是实现图片的上传功能。使用 KindEditer 是为了更好的演示图片的上传,回显,批量效果。后台代码与KindEditer没有直接关系,放心阅读。另外源码中有Mybatis的jar,不用理会,本章内容用不到,是为后续内容做准备!

  • 源码:见文章底部

  • 场景:用户将图片上传到 tomcat 服务器上,再由 tomcat 服务器通过FTP上传到 Nginx 服务器上。

Nginx 搭建图片服务器

项目结构:

Nginx 搭建图片服务器

单元测试

首先要攻破核心技术。通过单元测试实现图片上传的功能。

package com.itdragon.test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;

import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTP;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPClient;
import org.junit.Test;

public class PictureFTPTest {

    // 测试 ftp 上传图片功能
    @Test
    public void testFtpClient() throws Exception {
        // 1. 创建一个FtpClient对象
        FTPClient ftpClient = new FTPClient();
        // 2. 创建 ftp 连接
        ftpClient.connect("192.168.0.11"21);
        // 3. 登录 ftp 服务器
        ftpClient.login("ftpuser""root");
        // 4. 读取本地文件
        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("F:\hello.png"));
        // 5. 设置上传的路径
        ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory("/usr/local/nginx/html/images");
        // 6. 修改上传文件的格式为二进制
        ftpClient.setFileType(FTP.BINARY_FILE_TYPE);
        // 7. 服务器存储文件,第一个参数是存储在服务器的文件名,第二个参数是文件流
        ftpClient.storeFile("hello.jpg", inputStream);
        // 8. 关闭连接
        ftpClient.logout();

    }

}

Maven 的Web 项目

搭建Maven的Web 项目,之前有写过。这里就不过多描述。

项目核心配置文件

首先是 Maven 的核心文件 pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.itdragon.upload</groupId>
    <artifactId>pictrue-service</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <!-- 集中定义依赖版本号 -->
    <properties>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
        <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.2</mybatis.spring.version>
        <mybatis.paginator.version>1.2.15</mybatis.paginator.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.4</slf4j.version>
        <jackson.version>2.4.2</jackson.version>
        <druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version>
        <httpclient.version>4.3.5</httpclient.version>
        <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
        <servlet-api.version>2.5</servlet-api.version>
        <jsp-api.version>2.0</jsp-api.version>
        <joda-time.version>2.5</joda-time.version>
        <commons-lang3.version>3.3.2</commons-lang3.version>
        <commons-io.version>1.3.2</commons-io.version>
        <commons-net.version>3.3</commons-net.version>
        <pagehelper.version>3.4.2</pagehelper.version>
        <jsqlparser.version>0.9.1</jsqlparser.version>
        <commons-fileupload.version>1.3.1</commons-fileupload.version>
        <jedis.version>2.7.2</jedis.version>
        <solrj.version>4.10.3</solrj.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- 时间操作组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
            <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
            <version>${joda-time.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Apache工具组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>${commons-io.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-net</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-net</artifactId>
            <version>${commons-net.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Jackson Json处理工具包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- httpclient -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>${httpclient.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 单元测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 日志处理 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.miemiedev</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-paginator</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.paginator.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
            <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
            <version>${pagehelper.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- MySql -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 连接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>${druid.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- JSP相关 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>${jstl.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 文件上传组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>${commons-fileupload.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Redis客户端 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
            <version>${jedis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- solr客户端 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.solr</groupId>
            <artifactId>solr-solrj</artifactId>
            <version>${solrj.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 资源文件拷贝插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.7</version>
                <configuration>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- java编译插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <!-- 配置Tomcat插件 -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                    <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.2</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>
</project>

说明:和文件上传有直接关系的是:

<dependency>
     <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
     <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
</dependency>

然后是 Web 项目的核心文件 web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    id="taotao" version="2.5">

    <display-name>pictrue-service</display-name>
    <!-- 加载spring容器 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- 解决post乱码 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <!-- springmvc的前端控制器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>pictrue-service</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>pictrue-service</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

再是 SpringMVC 配置文件 springmvc.xml,需要添加文件上传解析器

<!-- 定义文件上传解析器 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">

        <!-- 设定默认编码 -->
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
        <!-- 设定文件上传的最大值5MB,5*1024*1024 -->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="5242880"></property>
    </bean>

最后是 Ftp 配置文件 resource.properties

FTP_ADDRESS=192.168.0.11
FTP_PORT=21
FTP_USERNAME=ftpuser
FTP_PASSWORD=root
FTP_BASE_PATH=/usr/local/nginx/html/images
IMAGE_BASE_URL=http://192.168.0.11/images

Service 层

上传图片的接口 PictureService.java

package com.itdragon.service;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
public interface PictureService {

    /**
     * 上传,批量上传接口
     * @param uploadFile
     * @return
     */

    Map uploadPicture(MultipartFile uploadFile);
}

上传图片接口实现类 PictureServiceImpl.java

package com.itdragon.service.impl;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTP;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPClient;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPReply;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import com.itdragon.service.PictureService;

@Service
@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes""unchecked"})
public class PictureServiceImpl implements PictureService {

    // 通过 Spring4 的 Value注解,获取配置文件中的属性值
    @Value("${FTP_ADDRESS}")
    private String FTP_ADDRESS;     // ftp 服务器ip地址
    @Value("${FTP_PORT}")
    private Integer FTP_PORT;       // ftp 服务器port,默认是21
    @Value("${FTP_USERNAME}")
    private String FTP_USERNAME;    // ftp 服务器用户名
    @Value("${FTP_PASSWORD}")
    private String FTP_PASSWORD;    // ftp 服务器密码
    @Value("${FTP_BASE_PATH}")
    private String FTP_BASE_PATH;   // ftp 服务器存储图片的绝对路径
    @Value("${IMAGE_BASE_URL}")
    private String IMAGE_BASE_URL;  // ftp 服务器外网访问图片路径

    @Override
    public Map uploadPicture(MultipartFile uploadFile) {
        Map resultMap = new HashMap<>();
        try {
            // 1. 取原始文件名
            String oldName = uploadFile.getOriginalFilename();

            // 2. ftp 服务器的文件名
            String newName = oldName;
            //图片上传
            boolean result = uploadFile(FTP_ADDRESS, FTP_PORT, FTP_USERNAME, FTP_PASSWORD, 
                    uploadFile.getInputStream(), FTP_BASE_PATH, newName);
            //返回结果
            if(!result) {
                resultMap.put("error"1);
                resultMap.put("message""upload Fail");
                return resultMap;
            }
            resultMap.put("error"0);
            resultMap.put("url", IMAGE_BASE_URL + "/" + newName);
            return resultMap;

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            resultMap.put("error"1);
            resultMap.put("message""upload Fail");
            return resultMap;
        }
    }

    /**
     * ftp 上传图片方法
     * @param ip            ftp 服务器ip地址
     * @param port          ftp 服务器port,默认是21
     * @param account       ftp 服务器用户名
     * @param passwd        ftp 服务器密码
     * @param inputStream   文件流
     * @param workingDir    ftp 服务器存储图片的绝对路径
     * @param fileName      上传到ftp 服务器文件名
     * @throws Exception
     * 
     */

    public boolean uploadFile(String ip, Integer port, String account, String passwd,
            InputStream inputStream, String workingDir, String fileName)
 throws Exception
{
        boolean result = false;
        // 1. 创建一个FtpClient对象
        FTPClient ftpClient = new FTPClient();
        try {
            // 2. 创建 ftp 连接
            ftpClient.connect(ip, port);
            // 3. 登录 ftp 服务器
            ftpClient.login(account, passwd);
            int reply = ftpClient.getReplyCode(); // 获取连接ftp 状态返回值
            System.out.println("code : " + reply);
            if (!FTPReply.isPositiveCompletion(reply)) {
                ftpClient.disconnect(); // 如果返回状态不再 200 ~ 300 则认为连接失败
                return result;
            }
            // 4. 读取本地文件
//          FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("F:\hello.png"));
            // 5. 设置上传的路径
            ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory(workingDir);
            // 6. 修改上传文件的格式为二进制
            ftpClient.setFileType(FTP.BINARY_FILE_TYPE);
            // 7. 服务器存储文件,第一个参数是存储在服务器的文件名,第二个参数是文件流
            if (!ftpClient.storeFile(fileName, inputStream)) {
                return result;
            }
            // 8. 关闭连接
            inputStream.close();
            ftpClient.logout();
            result = true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            // FIXME 听说,项目里面最好少用try catch 捕获异常,这样会导致Spring的事务回滚出问题???难道之前写的代码都是假代码!!!
            if (ftpClient.isConnected()) {
                try {
                    ftpClient.disconnect();
                } catch (IOException ioe) {
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

}

说明:

  • @Value 注解是Spring4 中提供的,@Value("${XXX}")

  • 返回值是一个Map,并且key有error,url,message。这是根据KindEditer的语法要求来的。详情见链接。http://kindeditor.net/docs/upload.html

Controller 层

负责页面跳转的 PageController.java

package com.itdragon.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class PageController {

    /**
     * 打开首页
     */

    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String showIndex() {
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/{page}")
    public String showpage(@PathVariable String page) {
        System.out.println("page : " + page);
        return page;
    }
}

负责图片上传的 PictureController.java

package com.itdragon.controller;

import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.itdragon.service.PictureService;

@RestController
public class PictureController {

    @Autowired
    private PictureService pictureService;

    @RequestMapping("pic/upload")
    public String pictureUpload(@RequestParam(value = "fileUpload") MultipartFile uploadFile) {
        String json = "";
        try {
            Map result = pictureService.uploadPicture(uploadFile);
            // 浏览器擅长处理json格式的字符串,为了减少因为浏览器内核不同导致的bug,建议用json
            json = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(result);
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return json;
    }
}

说明:

  • @RestController 也是Spring4 提供的,是 @Controller + @ResponseBody 的组合注解。

  • Controller层的返回值是一个json格式的字符串。是考虑到浏览器对json解析兼容性比较好。

Views视图层

负责上传图片的jsp页面 pic-upload.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>ITDragon 图片上传</title>
</head>
    <link href="/js/kindeditor-4.1.10/themes/default/default.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.min.js"></script> 
    <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8" src="/js/kindeditor-4.1.10/kindeditor-all-min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8" src="/js/kindeditor-4.1.10/lang/zh_CN.js"></script>
</head>  
<body>  
    <h3>测试上传图片功能接口的form表单</h3>
    <form action="pic/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <input type="file" name="fileUpload" />
        <input type="submit" value="上传文件" />
    </form>
    <hr />
    <h3>借用KindEditor富文本编辑器实现批量上传图片</h3>
    <textarea id="kindEditorDesc" style="width:800px;height:300px;visibility:hidden;"></textarea>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function(){
            //初始化富文本编辑器
            KindEditor.create("#kindEditorDesc", {
                // name值,必须和Controller 的参数对应,不然会提示 400 的错误
                filePostName : "fileUpload",
                // action值,
                uploadJson : '/pic/upload',
                // 设置上传类型,分别为image、flash、media、file
                dir : "image"
            });
        });
    
</script>   
</body>
</html>

说明:pic-upload.jsp 分为两个部分,第一个部分是为了测试上传图片功能的form表单。第二个部分是为了更好的体验上传,批量上传,回显功能的KindEditer 富文本编辑器。


总结

  • Nginx 搭建服务器的思维

  • Java实现 Ftp上传图片的功能

  • KindEditer 上传图片的功能

源码:https://github.com/ITDragonBlog/daydayup/tree/master/Nginx

Nginx 搭建图片服务器到这里就结束了,有什么不足的地方,请赐教。如果觉得不错,可以点个赞哦!




Nginx 搭建图片服务器

已在知识星球更新源码解析如下:

Nginx 搭建图片服务器


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