不定式做原因状语和结果状语的区别
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一、表示方式不同
1、引导目的状语的固定结构有in order to(do), so as to(do)等,或者直接用to do 不定式结构表示目的。如:
To succeed in a scientific research project, one needs to be persistent .
In order to succeed in a scientific research project, one needs to be persistent .
为了进行科学研究项目,一个人必须持之以恒。
2、不定式作结果状语,表示不愉快的结果,有时用only加强语气。常见的不定式动词有find, hear, see, be told, form, give, make, produce等。如:
Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, only to find it locked.
我非常激动,冲进公寓,试了试门,结果发现门被锁上了。
二、不定式结构的位置不同
1、不定式作目的状语可以出现在句首,但采用so as to结构表示目的不能置于句首,只能在句中。
I advise them to withdraw so as not to get involved.
我建议他们撤退以免卷入其中。
2、不定式作结果状语只能出现在句子的末尾。
He is too excited to say anything. (结果状语)
他激动得说不出话来。
扩展资料:
不定式用作结果状语,主要表示没有预料到的情况或结果,即属预料之外的事。该用法通常与副词only连用。如:
He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.
他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。
She got there only to be told that they had gone on holiday.
她到达那里,被告知他们度假去了。
注意:并非所有表示结果的不定式都含有这种“意外”的效果。如:
What have I done to offend you.
我干什么惹你生气了?
The tea is too hot to drink.
茶太热,不能喝。
参考技术A一、表示方式不同
1、引导目的状语的固定结构有in order to(do), so as to(do)等,或者直接用to do 不定式结构表示目的。如:
To succeed in a scientific research project, one needs to be persistent .
In order to succeed in a scientific research project, one needs to be persistent .
为了进行科学研究项目,一个人必须持之以恒。
2、不定式作结果状语,表示不愉快的结果,有时用only加强语气。常见的不定式动词有find, hear, see, be told, form, give, make, produce等。如:
Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, only to find it locked.
我非常激动,冲进公寓,试了试门,结果发现门被锁上了。
二、不定式结构的位置不同
1、不定式作目的状语可以出现在句首,但采用so as to结构表示目的不能置于句首,只能在句中。
I advise them to withdraw so as not to get involved.
我建议他们撤退以免卷入其中。
2、不定式作结果状语只能出现在句子的末尾。
He is too excited to say anything. (结果状语)
他激动得说不出话来。
扩展资料:
不定式用作结果状语,主要表示没有预料到的情况或结果,即属预料之外的事。该用法通常与副词only连用。如:
He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.
他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。
She got there only to be told that they had gone on holiday.
她到达那里,被告知他们度假去了。
注意:并非所有表示结果的不定式都含有这种“意外”的效果。如:
What have I done to offend you.
我干什么惹你生气了?
The tea is too hot to drink.
茶太热,不能喝。
参考技术B不定式在非谓语动词的语法中做状语的时候可以表示目的、结果、原因等,以下就问题中做原因状语和结果状语两点进行解释:
1. 表结果(往往是与预期愿望相反的结果 意料之外):常放在never only后
He arrived late only to find the train hadgone. 他来晚了,只见火车已经走了。
I visited him only to find him out. 我去拜访他,只见他出去了。
2. 表原因:常放在表示情感的形容词后,来解释此情感产生的原因。
They were very sad to hear the news. 他们听到这条新闻非常伤心。
I am very happy to see you. 很高兴见到你。
此外延伸
表程度:
It's too dark for us to see anything. 太暗了,我们什么也看不见。
The question is simple for him to answer. 这问题由他来回答是很简单的。
作目的状语:既可以放在句首,也可以放在句尾
To tell you the truth,I don't like the wayhe talked. 说实话,我不喜欢他讲话的方式。
不定式的省略:保留to省略do动词。
If you don't want to do it,you don't needto. 如果你不想做这件事,你就不必做。
不定式的并列:第二个不定式可省略to。
He wished to study medicine and become adoctor. 他希望学医并成为医生。
参考技术C 原因状语是why引导的过去分词做状语转
一.过去分词做状语的基本用法:
过去分词做状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件;表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随状况等。过去分词可置于主句前,也可以置于主句后,用逗号于主句隔开。
1.原因状语
Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe.他被浓烟呛了,几乎不能呼吸。
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了。
Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn‘t dare to sleep int her room.受到夜晚枪声的惊吓,那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。
2.时间状语
Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当孤独地留在房间里时,婴儿哭了起来。
Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty.当被问及这件事时,班长说这是他的责任。
Approached in the dark, the lights looked lonely and purposeless.在黑暗中走进时,那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3.条件状语
Seen in this aspect, the matter isn‘t as serious as people generally suppose.如果从这个角度看,问题并不像人们一般预料的那样严重。
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。
Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided.要是多加注意,那次事故就能避免了。
Watered more, these cabbages could have grown better.如果多浇点水,这些大白菜还可以长得更好。
Compared with you, we still have a long way to go.和你相比,我们还有很大差距。
4.方式或伴随状语
Surrounded by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully.那位教授在学生的簇拥下,兴高采烈地坐在那儿。
He stood there silently, moved to tears.他静静地站在那里,被感动的热泪盈眶。
The old man went into the room, supported by his wife.那位老人在妻子的搀扶下,走进了房间。
5.让步状语
Beaten by the police and sent to jail, Gandi created the principle of nonviolent resistance.尽管受警察的殴打,被投入监狱,甘地却创造了非暴力抵抗的原则。
Defeated again, he didn‘t lose heart.尽管再次被击败,但他没有灰心。
6.独立成分(插入语)
Given good weather, out ship will reach Shanghai on Monday evening.假如天气好的话,我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。
I‘d come and see you in New York, given the chance.我会来纽约看看你,如果有机会的话。
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