用 Flutter 实现动画 Motion Design

Posted 2021-06-28 会煮咖啡的猫咪

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猫哥说

这篇文章讲的是如何在你的动画中加入运动特性、运动球、重力、贝塞尔曲线、多边形、不规则曲线，如果你正在找这方面资料，这个源码你可要好好消化了。这都是动画中的基础，前端就是要酷炫，开始吧。

最佳体验还是阅读原文（链接在下面）。

老铁记得 转发 ，猫哥会呈现更多 Flutter 好文~~~~

微信群 ducafecat

b站 https://space.bilibili.com/404904528

原文

https://preyea-regmi.medium.com/implementing-motion-design-with-flutter-126d06b080ab

代码

https://github.com/PreyeaRegmi/FlutterMotionDesignSamples

参考

• https://pub.flutter-io.cn/packages/get#reactive-state-manager
• https://dart.dev/guides/language/extension-methods

正文

大部分时间实现运动设计是一个有点累赘的移动应用程序。本文从更加实用的角度阐述了如何通过 Flutter 实现运动设计。我们将采取一个简单的运动设计从运球作为一个参考，并开始建设它一步一步。所有版权保留给各自的作者，实现的完整源代码可以在 github 上找到。

https://github.com/PreyeaRegmi/FlutterMotionDesignSamples

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现在我们将重点放在登录/注册交互上。所以，就像其他的交互设计一样，我们将尝试把它分解成多个场景，这样我们就可以有一个清晰的整体概念，并将这些场景链接在一起。

场景 1: 初始状态屏幕

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在这个场景中，我们在底部有一个弹跳的图像和文字，一个弯曲的白色背景，一个品牌标题包围着图像的中心和变形虫形状的背景。拖动底部的内容，直到一定的距离被覆盖，揭示动画播放和场景转换到下一个场景。

展示动画(中间场景)

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在这个中间场景中，曲线背景高度是动画的。此外，在这个动画，控制点的三次贝塞尔曲线也被平移和还原，以提供加速效果。侧面的图标和变形虫背景也在垂直方向上 translated 以响应动画的显示。

场景 2: 后期显示动画状态屏幕

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当显示动画完成后，品牌标题被一个圆形图标取代，一个标签指示器从屏幕左侧飞过来，相应的标签被加载。

现在我们有了设计中涉及的相关场景的概述。下一步，我们尝试将这些想法映射到实现细节中。那么让我们开始吧。

我们将使用 stack 作为顶级容器来托管我们所有的场景，并根据当前场景状态，我们将向 stack 添加各自的小部件，并动画他们的几何图形。

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    List<Widget> stackChildren = [];

    switch (currentScreenState) {
      case CURRENT_SCREEN_STATE.INIT_STATE:
        stackChildren.addAll(_getBgWidgets());
        stackChildren.addAll(_getDefaultWidgets());
        stackChildren.addAll(_getInitScreenWidgets());
        stackChildren.add(_getBrandTitle());

        break;
      case CURRENT_SCREEN_STATE.REVEALING_ANIMATING_STATE:
        stackChildren.addAll(_getBgWidgets());
        stackChildren.addAll(_getDefaultWidgets());
        stackChildren.add(_getBrandTitle());
        break;
      case CURRENT_SCREEN_STATE.POST_REVEAL_STATE:
        stackChildren.addAll(_getBgWidgets());
        stackChildren.addAll(_getDefaultWidgets());
        stackChildren.insert(stackChildren.length - 1, _getCurvedPageSwitcher());
        stackChildren.addAll(_getPostRevealAnimationStateWidgets());
        stackChildren.add(buildPages());
        break;
    }

    return Stack(children: stackChildren);
  }

对于场景 1，所有相应的小部件都被定位并添加到 stack 中。底部“向上滑动开始”小部件的弹跳效果也立即开始。

//Animation Controller for setting bounce animation for "Swipe up" text widget
    _swipeUpBounceAnimationController =
        AnimationController(duration: Duration(milliseconds: 800), vsync: this)
          ..repeat(reverse: true);

    //Animation for actual bounce effect
    _swipeUpBounceAnimation = Tween<double>(begin: 0, end: -20).animate(
        CurvedAnimation(
            parent: _swipeUpBounceAnimationController,
            curve: Curves.easeOutBack))
      ..addListener(() {
        setState(() {
          _swipeUpDy = _swipeUpBounceAnimation.value;
        });
      });

    //We want to loop bounce effect until user intercepts with drag touch event.
    _swipeUpBounceAnimationController.repeat(reverse: true);


//Animated value used by corresponding "Swipe up to Start" Widget in _getInitScreenWidgets() method
 Positioned(
          right: 0,
          left: 0,
          bottom: widget.height * .05,
          child: Transform.translate(
              offset: Offset(0, _swipeUpDy),
              child: IgnorePointer(
                child: Column(
                    mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
                    crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,
                    children: [
                      Icon(
                        Icons.upload_rounded,
                        color: Colors.deepPurple,
                        size: 52,
                      ),
                      Text(
                        "Swipe up to start",
                        style: TextStyle(color: Colors.grey.shade800),
                      )
                    ]),
              ))),

为了实现这个小部件的拖动行为，一个可滚动的小部件也被放置在顶部，覆盖屏幕的下半部分。“向上滑动开始”也会根据拖动距离进行 translated，一旦跨过阈值(可滚动部件高度的 70%) ，就会播放显示动画。

//A simple container with a SingleChildScrollView. The trick is to set the child of SingleChildScrollView height
//exceed the height of parent scroll widget so it can be scrolled. The BouncingScrollPhysics helps the scroll retain its
//original position if it doesn't cross the threshold to play reveal animation.
//This widget is added by _getInitScreenWidgets() method
Positioned(
        right: 0,
        left: 0,
        bottom: 0,
        child: Container(
          height: widget.height * .5,
          child: SingleChildScrollView(
            controller: _scrollController,
            physics: BouncingScrollPhysics(),
            child: Container(
              height: widget.height * .5 + .1,
              // color:Colors.yellow,
            ),
          ),
        ),
      ),

 //Intercepts the bounce animation and start dragg animation
  void _handleSwipe() {
    _swipeUpBounceAnimationController.stop(canceled: true);
    double dy = _scrollController.position.pixels;

    double scrollRatio =
        math.min(1.0, _scrollController.position.pixels / _swipeDistance);

    //If user scroll 70% of the scrolling region we proceed towards reveal animation
    if (scrollRatio > .7)
      _playRevealAnimation();
    else
      setState(() {
        _swipeUpDy = dy * -1;
      });
  }

在显示动画中，使用 CustomPainter 绘制曲线背景和变形虫背景。在动画制作过程中，曲线背景的高度以及中间控制点都被内插到了屏幕高度的 75% 。类似地，用贝塞尔曲线绘制的变形虫也是垂直平移的。

//Update scene state to "reveal" and start corresponding animation
//This method is called when drag excced our defined threshold
  void _playRevealAnimation() {
    setState(() {
      currentScreenState = CURRENT_SCREEN_STATE.REVEALING_ANIMATING_STATE;
      _revealAnimationController.forward();
      _amoebaAnimationController.forward();
    });
  }

//Animation controller for expanding the curve animation
    _revealAnimationController =
        AnimationController(duration: Duration(milliseconds: 500), vsync: this)
          ..addStatusListener((status) {
            if (status == AnimationStatus.completed)
              setState(() {
                currentScreenState = CURRENT_SCREEN_STATE.POST_REVEAL_STATE;
                _postRevealAnimationController.forward();
              });
          });

//Animation to translate the brand label
    _titleBaseLinePosTranslateAnim = RelativeRectTween(
            begin: RelativeRect.fromLTRB(
                0,
                widget.height -
                    _initialCurveHeight -
                    widget.height * .2 -
                    arcHeight,
                0,
                _initialCurveHeight),
            end: RelativeRect.fromLTRB(
                0,
                widget.height - _finalCurveHeight - 20 - arcHeight,
                0,
                _finalCurveHeight))
        .animate(CurvedAnimation(
            parent: _revealAnimationController, curve: Curves.easeOutBack));

//Animation to translate side icons
    _sideIconsTranslateAnim = RelativeRectTween(
            begin: RelativeRect.fromLTRB(
                0,
                widget.height -
                    _initialCurveHeight -
                    widget.height * .25 -
                    arcHeight,
                0,
                _initialCurveHeight),
            end: RelativeRect.fromLTRB(
                0,
                widget.height -
                    _finalCurveHeight -
                    widget.height * .25 -
                    arcHeight,
                0,
                _finalCurveHeight))
        .animate(CurvedAnimation(
            parent: _revealAnimationController, curve: Curves.easeInOutBack));

//Tween for animating height of the curve during reveal process
_swipeArcAnimation =
        Tween<double>(begin: _initialCurveHeight, end: _finalCurveHeight)
            .animate(CurvedAnimation(
                parent: _revealAnimationController, curve: Curves.easeInCubic));

//Animation for the mid control point of cubic bezier curve to show acceleration effect in response to user drag.
    _swipeArchHeightAnimation = TweenSequence<double>(
      <TweenSequenceItem<double>>[
        TweenSequenceItem<double>(
          tween: Tween<double>(begin: 0, end: 200),
          weight: 50.0,
        ),
        TweenSequenceItem<double>(
          tween: Tween<double>(begin: 200, end: 0),
          weight: 50.0,
        ),
      ],
    ).animate(CurvedAnimation(
        parent: _revealAnimationController, curve: Curves.easeInCubic));

//Animation Controller for amoeba background
    _amoebaAnimationController =
        AnimationController(duration: Duration(milliseconds: 350), vsync: this);

    _amoebaOffsetAnimation =
        Tween<Offset>(begin: Offset(0, 0), end: Offset(-20, -70)).animate(
            CurvedAnimation(
                parent: _amoebaAnimationController,
                curve: Curves.easeInOutBack));

完成动画后，场景 2 就设置好了。在这个场景中，品牌标题被图标所取代，标签指示器从屏幕左侧显示。

//Animation controller for showing animation after reveal
    _postRevealAnimationController =
        AnimationController(duration: Duration(milliseconds: 600), vsync: this);

 //Scale animation for showing center logo after reveal is completed
    _centerIconScale = Tween<double>(begin: 0, end: .5).animate(CurvedAnimation(
      parent: _postRevealAnimationController,
      curve: Curves.fastOutSlowIn,
    ));

//_centerIconScale animation used by FAB in the middle
 Positioned.fromRelativeRect(
        rect: _titleBaseLinePosTranslateAnim.value.shift(Offset(0, 18)),
        child: ScaleTransition(
            scale: _centerIconScale,
            child: FloatingActionButton(
                backgroundColor: Colors.white,
                elevation: 5,
                onPressed: null,
                child: Icon(Icons.monetization_on_outlined,
                    size: 100,
                    color: isLeftTabSelected
                        ? Colors.deepPurple
                        : Colors.pinkAccent))),
      ),

//Tab selection is done by "CurvePageSwitchIndicator" widget
Positioned(
      top: 0,
      bottom: _titleBaseLinePosTranslateAnim.value.bottom,
      left: 0,
      right: 0,
      child: CurvePageSwitchIndicator(widget.height, widget.width, arcHeight, 3,
          true, _onLeftTabSelectd, _onRightTabSelectd),
    );


//The build method of CurvePageSwitchIndicator consisting of "CurvePageSwitcher" CustomPainter to paint tab selection arc
//and Gesture detectors stacked on top to intercept left and right tap event.
///When the reveal scene is completed, left tab is selected and the tab selection fly
//towards from the left side of the screen
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Stack(children: [
      Transform(
          transform: Matrix4.identity()
            ..setEntry(0, 3, translationDxAnim.value)
            ..setEntry(1, 3, translationDyAnim.value)
            ..rotateZ(rotationAnim.value * 3.14 / 180),
          alignment: Alignment.bottomLeft,
          child: Container(
            height: double.infinity,
            width: double.infinity,
            child: CustomPaint(
              painter: CurvePageSwitcher(
                  widget.arcHeight,
                  widget.arcBottomOffset,
                  showLeftAsFirstPage,
                  pageTabAnimationController!),
            ),
          )),
      Row(
        crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,
        mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
        children: [
          Expanded(
              child: Stack(children: [
            Positioned(
                left: 0,
                right: 20,
                bottom: 0,
                top: 90,
                child: Transform.rotate(
                    angle: -13 * 3.14 / 180,
                    child: Align(
                        alignment: Alignment.center,
                        child: Text(
                          "Login",
                          style: TextStyle(
                              color: showLeftAsFirstPage
                                  ? Colors.white
                                  : Colors.white60,
                              fontSize: 22,
                              fontWeight: FontWeight.w800),
                        )))),
            GestureDetector(onTap: _handleLeftTab,
              )
          ])),
          Expanded(
              child: Stack(children: [
            Positioned(
                left: 20,
                right: 0,
                bottom: 0,
                top: 90,
                child: Transform.rotate(
                    angle: 13 * 3.14 / 180,
                    child: Align(
                        alignment: Alignment.center,
                        child: Text("Signup",
                            style: TextStyle(
                                color: !showLeftAsFirstPage
                                    ? Colors.white
                                    : Colors.white60,
                                fontSize: 22,
                                fontWeight: FontWeight.w800))))),
                GestureDetector(onTap: _handleRightTab,
            )
          ])),
        ],
      ),
    ]);
  }

制表符指示器也使用贝塞尔曲线绘制，并定位在场景 1 的曲面背景之上，但在单独的 CustomPainter 中。为了实现制表位选择效果，在绘制制表位选择曲线时使用剪辑路径。

//The paint method of "CurvePageSwitcher" to draw tab selection arc
void _drawSwipeAbleArc(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
    Path path = Path();

    path.moveTo(-2, size.height - archBottomOffset);
    path.cubicTo(
        -2,
        size.height - archBottomOffset,
        size.width / 2,
        size.height - arcHeight - archBottomOffset,
        size.width + 2,
        size.height - archBottomOffset);
    path.moveTo(size.width + 2, size.height - archBottomOffset);
    path.close();

    double left, right;
    if (showLeftAsFirstPage) {
      left = size.width / 2 - size.width / 2 * animation.value;
      right = size.width / 2;
      swipeArcPaint.color = Colors.green;
    } else {
      left = size.width / 2;
      right = size.width * animation.value;
      swipeArcPaint.color = Colors.deepPurple;
    }

    canvas.clipRect(Rect.fromLTRB(left, 0, right, size.height));

    canvas.drawPath(path, swipeArcPaint);
  }

除此之外，两个容器以各自的标签颜色相互顶部放置。根据选定的选项卡，保留相应的容器，将另一个容器 translated 到 x 轴的相反端，从而丢弃另一个容器。

///The background for selected tab. On the basis of tab selected, the foreground container is translated away,
///revealing the underlying background container. If the screen state is just set to reveal, then in the
///initial state no foreground container is added which is signified by _tabSelectionAnimation set to null.
///_tabSelectionAnimation is only set when either of the tab is pressed.
  List<Widget> _getBgWidgets() {
    List<Widget> widgets = [];
    Color foreGroundColor;
    Color backgroundColor;
    if (isLeftTabSelected) {
      foreGroundColor = Colors.deepPurple;
      backgroundColor = Colors.pink;
    } else {
      foreGroundColor = Colors.pink;
      backgroundColor = Colors.deepPurple;
    }

    widgets.add(Positioned.fill(child: Container(color: foreGroundColor)));

    if (_tabSelectionAnimation != null)
      widgets.add(PositionedTransition(
          rect: _tabSelectionAnimation!,
          child: Container(
            decoration: BoxDecoration(
              color: backgroundColor
            ),
          )));

    widgets.add(Container(
      height: double.infinity,
      width: double.infinity,
      child: CustomPaint(
        painter: AmoebaBg(_amoebaOffsetAnimation),
      ),
    ));


    return widgets;
  }

因为我不能得到确切的图片和资源，我使用了我能在网上找到的最接近的一个。

所以总的来说，我们得到的结果如下。

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-uW45oSNC-1623890890458)(https://ducafecat.tech/2021/06/17/translation/implementing-motion-design-with-flutter/login-ok.gif)]

---

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