访问docker中的nginx容器部署

Posted 2021-05-07 strandtrack

1搜索nginx镜像

docker search nginx

2拉取nginx镜像

docker pull nginx

 3创建容器，设置端口映射、目录映射

# 在/root目录下创建nginx目录用于存储nginx数据信息
mkdir ~/nginx
cd ~/nginx
mkdir conf
cd conf
# 在~/nginx/conf/下创建nginx.conf文件,粘贴下面内容
vim nginx.conf

user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

docker run -id --name=c_nginx \\
-p 80:80 \\
-v $PWD/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \\
-v $PWD/logs:/var/log/nginx \\
-v $PWD/html:/usr/share/nginx/html \\
nginx

参数说明：  

 -p 80:80：将容器的 80端口映射到宿主机的 80 端口。容器就相当于一个小的linux，外网想访问容器的步骤，先是访问阿里云的安全组（如果用的是阿里云服务器的话），看是否放行了80端口，然后访问linux的防火墙，看是否放行80，然后再访问mysql容器，看是否放行80。所以这里要映射一下，映射就是把它暴露了，下面的nginx啥的都一样就不再说了。

 -v $PWD/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf：将主机当前目录下的 /conf/nginx.conf 挂载到容器的 :/etc/nginx/nginx.conf。配置目录

-v $PWD/logs:/var/log/nginx：将主机当前目录下的 logs 目录挂载到容器的/var/log/nginx。日志目录。

二 进行反向代理的操作

docker ps

查询出你的nginx容器的id号，结果如下：

CONTAINER ID   IMAGE       COMMAND                  CREATED       STATUS       PORTS                                       NAMES
3929aa630523   nginx       "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 hours ago   Up 2 hours   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp           c_nginx
cf152c11389b   redis       "docker-entrypoint.s…"   2 weeks ago   Up 2 weeks   0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp, :::6379->6379/tcp   c_redis
e24660ccf0b8   mysql:5.6   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   2 weeks ago   Up 2 weeks   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp   c_mysql

复制nginx的Id。

docker exec -it 3929aa630523 bash

以交互式进入容器

root@3929aa630523:/# which nginx
/usr/sbin/nginx

查找nginx位置，因为-v $PWD/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \\ 挂载到了/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

cd /etc/nginx/
root@3929aa630523:/etc/nginx# ls
conf.d		koi-utf  mime.types  nginx.conf   uwsgi_params
fastcgi_params	koi-win  modules     scgi_params  win-utf
root@3929aa630523:/etc/nginx# cat nginx.conf 
user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;就是配置了一个子配置文件在这个地址

root@3929aa630523:/etc/nginx# cd conf.d/
root@3929aa630523:/etc/nginx/conf.d# ls
default.conf
root@3929aa630523:/etc/nginx/conf.d# cat default.conf 
server {
    listen       80;
    listen  [::]:80;
    server_name  localhost;

    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the php scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \\.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    #location ~ \\.php$ {
    #    root           html;
    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    #    include        fastcgi_params;
    #}

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}
}

 

在这里改就行了。

但是在想要使用vim时，会出现

root@3929aa630523:/etc/nginx/conf.d# vim default.conf 
bash: vim: command not found

这时候就需要安装vim。

可是当你敲apt-get install vim命令时，提示：

        Reading package lists... Done
        Building dependency tree       
        Reading state information... Done
        E: Unable to locate package vim

这时候需要敲：apt-get update，这个命令的作用是：同步 /etc/apt/sources.list 和 /etc/apt/sources.list.d 中列出的源的索引，这样才能获取到最新的软件包。

root@3929aa630523:/etc/nginx/conf.d# apt-get update
Get:1 http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates InRelease [65.4 kB]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease [121 kB]
Get:3 http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates/main amd64 Packages [285 kB]
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates InRelease [51.9 kB]
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7907 kB]
Get:6 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates/main amd64 Packages [10.9 kB]                       
Fetched 8441 kB in 4min 51s (29.0 kB/s)                                                               
Reading package lists... Done

 等更新完毕以后再敲命令：apt-get install vim命令即可。