Spring Boot整合Spring Data JPA
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首先说明一下，这里使用的是Springboot2.2.6.RELEASE版本，由于Springboot迭代很快，所以要注意版本问题。
1、Spring Data是Spring提供的帮助操作数据的框架，Spring Data中的一个模块叫做Spring Data JPA，Spring Data JPA只是Spring Data框架下的一个基于JPA标准操作数据的模块，Spring Data JPA底层默认的使用的是Hibernate来做的JPA实现。Spring Data JPA核心能力就是基于JPA的标准对数据进行操作，极大简化了代码的编写，简化操作持久层的代码，直接编写接口就可以了。
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 3 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 4 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 5 <parent> 6 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 7 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> 8 <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version> 9 <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> 10 </parent> 11 <groupId>com.bie</groupId> 12 <artifactId>springboot-jpa</artifactId> 13 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 14 <name>springboot-jpa</name> 15 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> 16 17 <properties> 18 <java.version>1.8</java.version> 19 </properties> 20 21 <dependencies> 22 <!-- springBoot 的启动器 --> 23 <dependency> 24 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 25 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 26 </dependency> 27 <!-- thymeleaf 的启动器 --> 28 <dependency> 29 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 30 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> 31 </dependency> 32 <!-- springBoot测试的启动器 --> 33 <dependency> 34 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 35 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 36 <scope>test</scope> 37 <!--<exclusions> 38 <exclusion> 39 <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId> 40 <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId> 41 </exclusion> 42 </exclusions>--> 43 </dependency> 44 45 <!-- Spring Data JPA 的启动器 --> 46 <dependency> 47 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 48 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> 49 </dependency> 50 51 <!-- mysql驱动包 --> 52 <dependency> 53 <groupId>mysql</groupId> 54 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> 55 </dependency> 56 57 <!-- druid连接池 --> 58 <dependency> 59 <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> 60 <artifactId>druid</artifactId> 61 <version>1.1.10</version> 62 </dependency> 63 </dependencies> 64 65 <build> 66 <plugins> 67 <plugin> 68 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 69 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 70 </plugin> 71 </plugins> 72 </build> 73 74 </project>
在application.properties配置文件中配置数据库链接信息、数据库链接池、Spring Data JPA开启正向工程、在控制台打印sql语句。
1 # mysql的数据库驱动 2 spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver 3 # mysql的链接 4 spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm 5 # mysql的账号 6 spring.datasource.username=root 7 # mysql的密码 8 spring.datasource.password=123456 9 10 # druid连接池的配置 11 spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource 12 13 # Spring Data JPA,此配置可以在实体类中使用注解来创建数据表，开启正向工程 14 spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update 15 # 在控制台打印sql语句 16 spring.jpa.show-sql=true
创建实体类Users。
1 package com.bie.springboot.po; 2 3 import javax.persistence.*; 4 5 @Entity // 表示该类是实体类 6 @Table(name = "tb_users") // 表示该实体类和数据表进行映射，name表示实体类和数据表进行映射 7 // 如果使用的是正向工程的话，name属性的值表示的是数据表的表名称。 8 public class Users { 9 10 @Id // 表示该字段是主键 11 @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) // 主键的生成策略 12 @Column(name = "id") // 表示实体类的字段和数据表的字段进行映射的关系，如果是正向工程的话，name的值就是数据表的字段名称 13 private Integer id;// 用户编号 14 15 @Column(name = "name") 16 private String name;// 用户姓名 17 18 @Column(name = "age") 19 private Integer age;// 用户年龄 20 21 @Column(name = "address") 22 private String address;// 用户地址 23 24 // alt + insert来生成构造器、settergetter等等方法 25 public Integer getId() { 26 return id; 27 } 28 29 public void setId(Integer id) { 30 this.id = id; 31 } 32 33 public String getName() { 34 return name; 35 } 36 37 public void setName(String name) { 38 this.name = name; 39 } 40 41 public Integer getAge() { 42 return age; 43 } 44 45 public void setAge(Integer age) { 46 this.age = age; 47 } 48 49 public String getAddress() { 50 return address; 51 } 52 53 public void setAddress(String address) { 54 this.address = address; 55 } 56 57 @Override 58 public String toString() { 59 return "Users{" + 60 "id=" + id + 61 ", name=‘" + name + ‘‘‘ + 62 ", age=" + age + 63 ", address=‘" + address + ‘‘‘ + 64 ‘}‘; 65 } 66 67 public Users(String name, Integer age, String address) { 68 this.name = name; 69 this.age = age; 70 this.address = address; 71 } 72 73 public Users() { 74 } 75 }
创建数据交互层接口继承JpaRepository<T,ID>。
泛型参数1，T表示的是当前需要映射的实体类类型，当前需要映射的实体。
泛型参数2，ID表示需要映射的实体中的主键的类型，当前映射的实体中的OID的类型。
1 package com.bie.springboot.dao; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 4 import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; 5 6 /** 7 * JpaRepository<T,ID> 8 * 泛型参数1，T表示的是当前需要映射的实体类类型，当前需要映射的实体。 9 * 泛型参数2，ID表示需要映射的实体中的主键的类型，当前映射的实体中的OID的类型。 10 */ 11 public interface UsersDao extends JpaRepository<Users, Integer> { 12 13 }
开始测试，测试代码，如下所示：
1 package com.bie.springboot; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.dao.UsersDao; 4 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 5 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; 6 import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 7 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 8 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; 9 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 10 11 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 12 @SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootJpaApplication.class) // 启动器，将测试类和启动器整合在一起 13 class SpringbootJpaApplicationTests { 14 15 @Autowired 16 private UsersDao usersDao; 17 18 @Test 19 public void testSave() { 20 Users users = new Users(); 21 users.setAddress("北京市海淀"); 22 users.setAge(20); 23 users.setName("张三"); 24 this.usersDao.save(users); 25 } 26 27 }
如果下面报错，就在数据库链接URL后面根据下面所示的内容即可。
?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true&serverTimezone=UTC
1 . ____ _ __ _ _ 2 /\ / ___‘_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ 3 ( ( )\___ | ‘_ | ‘_| | ‘_ / _` | 4 \/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) 5 ‘ |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / 6 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ 7 :: Spring Boot :: (v2.2.6.RELEASE) 8 9 2020-05-20 13:40:41.734 INFO 14492 --- [ main] c.b.s.SpringbootJpaApplicationTests : Starting SpringbootJpaApplicationTests on DESKTOP-V37QSSE with PID 14492 (started by biehl in D:programideaIntelliJ IDEA 2019.1.3workspace_ideaspringboot-jpa) 10 2020-05-20 13:40:41.736 INFO 14492 --- [ main] c.b.s.SpringbootJpaApplicationTests : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default 11 2020-05-20 13:40:43.891 INFO 14492 --- [ main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Bootstrapping Spring Data JPA repositories in DEFAULT mode. 12 2020-05-20 13:40:44.000 INFO 14492 --- [ main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Finished Spring Data repository scanning in 96ms. Found 1 JPA repository interfaces. 13 2020-05-20 13:40:45.245 INFO 14492 --- [ main] o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [name: default] 14 2020-05-20 13:40:45.451 INFO 14492 --- [ main] org.hibernate.Version : HHH000412: Hibernate ORM core version 5.4.12.Final 15 2020-05-20 13:40:45.813 INFO 14492 --- [ main] o.hibernate.annotations.common.Version : HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.1.0.Final} 16 Loading class `com.mysql.jdbc.Driver‘. This is deprecated. The new driver class is `com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver‘. The driver is automatically registered via the SPI and manual loading of the driver class is generally unnecessary. 17 2020-05-20 13:40:47.129 INFO 14492 --- [ main] com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource : {dataSource-1} inited 18 2020-05-20 13:40:47.326 ERROR 14492 --- [reate-173197870] com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource : create connection SQLException, url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/biehl?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8, errorCode 0, state 01S00 19 20 java.sql.SQLException: The server time zone value ‘?й???????‘ is unrecognized or represents more than one time zone. You must configure either the server or JDBC driver (via the ‘serverTimezone‘ configuration property) to use a more specifc time zone value if you want to utilize time zone support. 21 at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:129) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 22 at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:97) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 23 at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:89) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 24 at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:63) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 25 at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:73) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 26 at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLExceptionsMapping.translateException(SQLExceptionsMapping.java:76) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 27 at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.createNewIO(ConnectionImpl.java:836) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 28 at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.<init>(ConnectionImpl.java:456) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 29 at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.getInstance(ConnectionImpl.java:246) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 30 at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.NonRegisteringDriver.connect(NonRegisteringDriver.java:197) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 31 at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidAbstractDataSource.createPhysicalConnection(DruidAbstractDataSource.java:1558) ~[druid-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10] 32 at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidAbstractDataSource.createPhysicalConnection(DruidAbstractDataSource.java:1623) ~[druid-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10] 33 at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource$CreateConnectionThread.run(DruidDataSource.java:2468) ~[druid-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10] 34 Caused by: com.mysql.cj.exceptions.InvalidConnectionAttributeException: The server time zone value ‘?й???????‘ is unrecognized or represents more than one time zone. You must configure either the server or JDBC driver (via the ‘serverTimezone‘ configuration property) to use a more specifc time zone value if you want to utilize time zone support. 35 at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 36 at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 37 at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 38 at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 39 at com.mysql.cj.exceptions.ExceptionFactory.createException(ExceptionFactory.java:61) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 40 at com.mysql.cj.exceptions.ExceptionFactory.createException(ExceptionFactory.java:85) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 41 at com.mysql.cj.util.TimeUtil.getCanonicalTimezone(TimeUtil.java:132) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 42 at com.mysql.cj.protocol.a.NativeProtocol.configureTimezone(NativeProtocol.java:2118) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 43 at com.mysql.cj.protocol.a.NativeProtocol.initServerSession(NativeProtocol.java:2142) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 44 at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.initializePropsFromServer(ConnectionImpl.java:1310) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 45 at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.connectOneTryOnly(ConnectionImpl.java:967) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 46 at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.createNewIO(ConnectionImpl.java:826) ~[mysql-connector-java-8.0.19.jar:8.0.19] 47 ... 6 common frames omitted 48 49 2020-05-20 13:40:47.330 ERROR 14492 --- [reate-173197870] com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource : create connection SQLException, url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/biehl?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8, errorCode 0, state 01S00
2、Spring Data JPA提供的核心接口。
2.1）、Repository接口，提供了方法名称命名查询方式。
1 package com.bie.springboot.dao; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 4 import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository; 5 6 import java.util.List; 7 8 /** 9 * Repository接口的方法名称命名查询。 10 */ 11 public interface UsersRepositoryByName extends Repository<Users, Integer> { 12 13 /** 14 * 方法命名必须以findBy开头的，后面跟的是属性的名称，属性的名称必须大写，遵循驼峰式写法。 15 * findBy开头的，后面跟的就是查询条件。 16 * <p> 17 * 方法的名称必须要遵循驼峰式命名规则，findBy(关键字)+属性名称(首字母要大写)+查询条件(首字母大写)。 18 * 查询条件默认是等于。 19 * <p> 20 * 只要遵循findBy规则，有很多可以进行查询的条件。 21 * 22 * @param name 23 * @return 24 */ 25 public List<Users> findByName(String name); 26 27 /** 28 * @param name 29 * @return 30 */ 31 public List<Users> findByNameEquals(String name); 32 33 /** 34 * 根据姓名和年龄进行查询 35 * 36 * @param name 37 * @param age 38 * @return 39 */ 40 public List<Users> findByNameAndAge(String name, Integer age); 41 42 /** 43 * 根据姓名模糊查询 44 * 45 * @param name 46 * @return 47 */ 48 public List<Users> findByNameLike(String name); 49 }
测试代码，如下所示：
1 package com.bie.springboot; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.dao.UsersDao; 4 import com.bie.springboot.dao.UsersRepositoryByName; 5 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 6 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; 7 import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 8 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 9 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; 10 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 11 12 import java.util.List; 13 14 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 15 @SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootJpaApplication.class) 16 // 启动器，将测试类和启动器整合在一起 17 class SpringbootJpaApplicationTests { 18 19 @Autowired 20 private UsersRepositoryByName usersRepositoryByName; 21 22 23 @Test 24 public void testFindByName() { 25 List<Users> byName = this.usersRepositoryByName.findByName("张三"); 26 System.out.println("Name: " + byName); 27 } 28 29 30 @Test 31 public void testFindByNameEquals() { 32 List<Users> byName = this.usersRepositoryByName.findByNameEquals("张三"); 33 System.out.println("Name: " + byName); 34 } 35 36 37 @Test 38 public void testFindByNameAndAge() { 39 List<Users> byName = this.usersRepositoryByName.findByNameAndAge("张三", 20); 40 System.out.println("Name: " + byName); 41 } 42 43 @Test 44 public void testFindByNameLike() { 45 List<Users> byName = this.usersRepositoryByName.findByNameLike("张%"); 46 System.out.println("Name: " + byName); 47 } 48 49 }
Repository接口，提供了基于@Query注解的查询与更新方式。
1 package com.bie.springboot.dao; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 4 import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Modifying; 5 import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query; 6 import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository; 7 8 import javax.transaction.Transactional; 9 import java.util.List; 10 11 /** 12 * Repository接口，提供了基于@Query注解的查询与更新方式。 13 */ 14 public interface UsersRepositoryQueryAnnotation extends Repository<Users, Integer> { 15 16 /** 17 * 默认支持的是HQL语句，不是标准的sql语句，底层需要进行转换，转换为标准的sql语句 18 * 19 * @param name 20 * @return 21 */ 22 @Query(value = "from Users where name = :name") 23 public List<Users> queryByNameUseHQL(String name); 24 25 /** 26 * 如果是SQL语句需要,nativeQuery = true表示的就是底层不需要进行sql语句的转换 27 * 28 * @param name 29 * @return 30 */ 31 @Query(value = "select * from tb_users where name = ?", nativeQuery = true) 32 public List<Users> queryByNameUseSQL(String name); 33 34 /** 35 * 更新操作，注意update后面是实体类的名称 36 * 37 * @param name 38 * @param id 39 */ 40 @Query(value = "update Users set name = :name where id = :id") 41 @Modifying // 该注解表示需要执行一个更新操作。注意此方法调用需要开通事务的 42 @Transactional // 开启事务 43 public void updateUsersNameById(String name, Integer id); 44 }
测试代码，如下所示：
1 package com.bie.springboot; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.dao.UsersRepositoryQueryAnnotation; 4 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 5 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; 6 import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 7 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 8 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; 9 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 10 11 import java.util.List; 12 13 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 14 @SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootJpaApplication.class) 15 // 启动器，将测试类和启动器整合在一起 16 class SpringbootJpaApplicationTests { 17 18 @Autowired 19 private UsersRepositoryQueryAnnotation usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation; 20 21 @Test 22 public void testFindByNameUsrHQL() { 23 List<Users> byName = this.usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation.queryByNameUseHQL("张三"); 24 System.out.println("Name: " + byName); 25 } 26 27 @Test 28 public void testFindByNameUseSQL() { 29 List<Users> byName = this.usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation.queryByNameUseSQL("张三"); 30 System.out.println("Name: " + byName); 31 } 32 33 @Test 34 // @Transactional // 此方法调用需要添加事务,如果@Transactional注解和@Test注解配合使用，事务自动回滚 35 // @Rollback(value = false) // 取消自动回滚 36 public void testUpdateUsersNameById() { 37 this.usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation.updateUsersNameById("张飒飒2号", 1); 38 } 39 40 }
如果报如下所示的错误，需要将@Query(value = "from Users where name = ?")修改为@Query(value = "from Users where name = :name")。
1 . ____ _ __ _ _ 2 /\ / ___‘_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ 3 ( ( )\___ | ‘_ | ‘_| | ‘_ / _` | 4 \/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) 5 ‘ |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / 6 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ 7 :: Spring Boot :: (v2.2.6.RELEASE) 8 9 2020-05-20 15:40:24.270 INFO 3352 --- [ main] c.b.s.SpringbootJpaApplicationTests : Starting SpringbootJpaApplicationTests on DESKTOP-V37QSSE with PID 3352 (started by biehl in D:programideaIntelliJ IDEA 2019.1.3workspace_ideaspringboot-jpa) 10 2020-05-20 15:40:24.273 INFO 3352 --- [ main] c.b.s.SpringbootJpaApplicationTests : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default 11 2020-05-20 15:40:25.690 INFO 3352 --- [ main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Bootstrapping Spring Data JPA repositories in DEFAULT mode. 12 2020-05-20 15:40:25.786 INFO 3352 --- [ main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Finished Spring Data repository scanning in 77ms. Found 3 JPA repository interfaces. 13 2020-05-20 15:40:26.477 INFO 3352 --- [ main] o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [name: default] 14 2020-05-20 15:40:26.569 INFO 3352 --- [ main] org.hibernate.Version : HHH000412: Hibernate ORM core version 5.4.12.Final 15 2020-05-20 15:40:26.776 INFO 3352 --- [ main] o.hibernate.annotations.common.Version : HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.1.0.Final} 16 Loading class `com.mysql.jdbc.Driver‘. This is deprecated. The new driver class is `com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver‘. The driver is automatically registered via the SPI and manual loading of the driver class is generally unnecessary. 17 2020-05-20 15:40:27.736 INFO 3352 --- [ main] com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource : {dataSource-1} inited 18 2020-05-20 15:40:27.895 INFO 3352 --- [ main] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL57Dialect 19 2020-05-20 15:40:28.764 INFO 3352 --- [ main] o.h.e.t.j.p.i.JtaPlatformInitiator : HHH000490: Using JtaPlatform implementation: [org.hibernate.engine.transaction.jta.platform.internal.NoJtaPlatform] 20 2020-05-20 15:40:28.771 INFO 3352 --- [ main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Initialized JPA EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit ‘default‘ 21 2020-05-20 15:40:29.064 WARN 3352 --- [ main] JpaBaseConfiguration$JpaWebConfiguration : spring.jpa.open-in-view is enabled by default. Therefore, database queries may be performed during view rendering. Explicitly configure spring.jpa.open-in-view to disable this warning 22 2020-05-20 15:40:29.492 WARN 3352 --- [ main] o.s.w.c.s.GenericWebApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name ‘requestMappingHandlerAdapter‘ defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/servlet/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method ‘requestMappingHandlerAdapter‘ parameter 1; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘mvcConversionService‘ defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/servlet/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService]: Factory method ‘mvcConversionService‘ threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation‘: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: JDBC style parameters (?) are not supported for JPA queries. 23 Related cause: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name ‘requestMappingHandlerAdapter‘ defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/servlet/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method ‘requestMappingHandlerAdapter‘ parameter 1; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘mvcConversionService‘ defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/servlet/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService]: Factory method ‘mvcConversionService‘ threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation‘: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: JDBC style parameters (?) are not supported for JPA queries. 24 2020-05-20 15:40:29.492 INFO 3352 --- [ main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Closing JPA EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit ‘default‘ 25 2020-05-20 15:40:29.506 INFO 3352 --- [ main] com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource : {dataSource-1} closed 26 2020-05-20 15:40:29.514 INFO 3352 --- [ main] ConditionEvaluationReportLoggingListener : 27 28 Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with ‘debug‘ enabled. 29 2020-05-20 15:40:29.520 ERROR 3352 --- [ main] o.s.boot.SpringApplication : Application run failed 30 31 org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name ‘requestMappingHandlerAdapter‘ defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/servlet/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method ‘requestMappingHandlerAdapter‘ parameter 1; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘mvcConversionService‘ defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/servlet/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService]: Factory method ‘mvcConversionService‘ threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation‘: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: JDBC style parameters (?) are not supported for JPA queries. 32 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:798) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 33 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:539) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 34 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1338) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 35 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1177) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 36 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:557) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 37 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 38 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:323) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 39 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 40 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 41 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 42 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:882) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 43 at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:878) ~[spring-context-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 44 at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:550) ~[spring-context-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 45 at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:747) ~[spring-boot-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 46 at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397) ~[spring-boot-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 47 at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315) ~[spring-boot-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 48 at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:126) [spring-boot-test-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 49 at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99) [spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 50 at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124) [spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 51 at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:123) [spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 52 at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:190) [spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 53 at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:132) [spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 54 at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:244) [spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 55 at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension.postProcessTestInstance(SpringExtension.java:98) [spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 56 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$5(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:337) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 57 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.executeAndMaskThrowable(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:342) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 58 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$6(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:337) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 59 at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:193) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 60 at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:175) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 61 at java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1382) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 62 at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:481) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 63 at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 64 at java.util.stream.StreamSpliterators$WrappingSpliterator.forEachRemaining(StreamSpliterators.java:312) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 65 at java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:743) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 66 at java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:742) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 67 at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$Head.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:580) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 68 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.invokeTestInstancePostProcessors(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:336) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 69 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.instantiateAndPostProcessTestInstance(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:259) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 70 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$2(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:252) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 71 at java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:267) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 72 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$3(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:251) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 73 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.TestInstancesProvider.getTestInstances(TestInstancesProvider.java:29) ~[junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 74 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$prepare$0(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:106) ~[junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 75 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 76 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:105) ~[junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 77 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:69) ~[junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 78 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$prepare$1(NodeTestTask.java:107) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 79 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 80 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.prepare(NodeTestTask.java:107) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 81 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:75) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 82 at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1257) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 83 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 84 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 85 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 86 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 87 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 88 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 89 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 90 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 91 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 92 at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1257) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 93 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 94 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 95 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 96 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 97 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 98 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 99 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 100 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 101 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 102 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 103 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 104 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 105 at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:229) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 106 at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute$6(DefaultLauncher.java:197) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 107 at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:211) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 108 at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:191) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 109 at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:128) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 110 at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:69) ~[junit5-rt.jar:na] 111 at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47) ~[junit-rt.jar:na] 112 at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242) ~[junit-rt.jar:na] 113 at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70) ~[junit-rt.jar:na] 114 Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘mvcConversionService‘ defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/servlet/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService]: Factory method ‘mvcConversionService‘ threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation‘: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: JDBC style parameters (?) are not supported for JPA queries. 115 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:656) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 116 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:636) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 117 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1338) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 118 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1177) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 119 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:557) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 120 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 121 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:323) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 122 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 123 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 124 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 125 at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:276) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 126 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1290) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 127 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1210) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 128 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:885) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 129 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:789) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 130 ... 81 common frames omitted 131 Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService]: Factory method ‘mvcConversionService‘ threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation‘: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: JDBC style parameters (?) are not supported for JPA queries. 132 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 133 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:651) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 134 ... 95 common frames omitted 135 Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation‘: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: JDBC style parameters (?) are not supported for JPA queries. 136 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1796) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 137 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:595) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 138 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 139 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:323) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 140 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 141 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 142 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:207) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 143 at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1114) ~[spring-context-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 144 at org.springframework.data.repository.support.Repositories.cacheRepositoryFactory(Repositories.java:99) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 145 at org.springframework.data.repository.support.Repositories.populateRepositoryFactoryInformation(Repositories.java:92) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 146 at org.springframework.data.repository.support.Repositories.<init>(Repositories.java:85) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 147 at org.springframework.data.repository.support.DomainClassConverter.setApplicationContext(DomainClassConverter.java:109) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 148 at org.springframework.data.web.config.SpringDataWebConfiguration.addFormatters(SpringDataWebConfiguration.java:131) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 149 at org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerComposite.addFormatters(WebMvcConfigurerComposite.java:81) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 150 at org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.addFormatters(DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.java:78) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 151 at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.mvcConversionService(WebMvcAutoConfiguration.java:430) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 152 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 153 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 154 at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 155 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 156 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:154) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 157 ... 96 common frames omitted 158 Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: JDBC style parameters (?) are not supported for JPA queries. 159 at org.springframework.util.Assert.isTrue(Assert.java:118) ~[spring-core-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 160 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractStringBasedJpaQuery.<init>(AbstractStringBasedJpaQuery.java:72) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 161 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.SimpleJpaQuery.<init>(SimpleJpaQuery.java:61) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 162 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryFactory.fromMethodWithQueryString(JpaQueryFactory.java:76) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 163 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryFactory.fromQueryAnnotation(JpaQueryFactory.java:56) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 164 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryLookupStrategy$DeclaredQueryLookupStrategy.resolveQuery(JpaQueryLookupStrategy.java:140) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 165 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryLookupStrategy$CreateIfNotFoundQueryLookupStrategy.resolveQuery(JpaQueryLookupStrategy.java:207) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 166 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryLookupStrategy$AbstractQueryLookupStrategy.resolveQuery(JpaQueryLookupStrategy.java:78) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 167 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.lookupQuery(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:574) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 168 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.lambda$mapMethodsToQuery$1(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:567) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 169 at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:193) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 170 at java.util.Iterator.forEachRemaining(Iterator.java:116) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 171 at java.util.Collections$UnmodifiableCollection$1.forEachRemaining(Collections.java:1049) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 172 at java.util.Spliterators$IteratorSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Spliterators.java:1801) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 173 at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:481) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 174 at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 175 at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateSequential(ReduceOps.java:708) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 176 at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 177 at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:499) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 178 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.mapMethodsToQuery(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:569) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 179 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.lambda$new$0(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:559) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 180 at java.util.Optional.map(Optional.java:215) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 181 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.<init>(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:559) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 182 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport.getRepository(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:332) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 183 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.lambda$afterPropertiesSet$5(RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.java:297) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 184 at org.springframework.data.util.Lazy.getNullable(Lazy.java:212) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 185 at org.springframework.data.util.Lazy.get(Lazy.java:94) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 186 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.afterPropertiesSet(RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.java:300) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 187 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.JpaRepositoryFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(JpaRepositoryFactoryBean.java:121) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 188 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1855) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 189 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1792) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 190 ... 116 common frames omitted 191 192 2020-05-20 15:40:29.524 ERROR 3352 --- [ main] o.s.test.context.TestContextManager : Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener@1de76cc7] to prepare test instance [com.bie.springboot.SpringbootJpaApplicationTests@4607d78b] 193 194 java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext 195 at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:132) ~[spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 196 at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:123) ~[spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 197 at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:190) ~[spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 198 at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:132) ~[spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 199 at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:244) ~[spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 200 at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension.postProcessTestInstance(SpringExtension.java:98) [spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 201 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$5(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:337) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 202 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.executeAndMaskThrowable(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:342) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 203 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$6(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:337) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 204 at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:193) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 205 at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:175) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 206 at java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1382) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 207 at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:481) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 208 at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 209 at java.util.stream.StreamSpliterators$WrappingSpliterator.forEachRemaining(StreamSpliterators.java:312) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 210 at java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:743) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 211 at java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:742) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 212 at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$Head.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:580) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 213 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.invokeTestInstancePostProcessors(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:336) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 214 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.instantiateAndPostProcessTestInstance(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:259) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 215 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$2(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:252) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 216 at java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:267) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 217 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$3(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:251) [junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 218 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.TestInstancesProvider.getTestInstances(TestInstancesProvider.java:29) ~[junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 219 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$prepare$0(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:106) ~[junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 220 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 221 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:105) ~[junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 222 at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:69) ~[junit-jupiter-engine-5.5.2.jar:5.5.2] 223 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$prepare$1(NodeTestTask.java:107) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 224 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 225 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.prepare(NodeTestTask.java:107) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 226 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:75) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 227 at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1257) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 228 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 229 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 230 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 231 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 232 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 233 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 234 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 235 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 236 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 237 at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1257) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 238 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 239 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 240 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 241 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 242 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 243 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 244 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 245 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 246 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 247 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 248 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 249 at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51) ~[junit-platform-engine-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 250 at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:229) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 251 at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.lambda$execute$6(DefaultLauncher.java:197) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 252 at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.withInterceptedStreams(DefaultLauncher.java:211) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 253 at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:191) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 254 at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:128) ~[junit-platform-launcher-1.5.2.jar:1.5.2] 255 at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:69) ~[junit5-rt.jar:na] 256 at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47) ~[junit-rt.jar:na] 257 at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242) ~[junit-rt.jar:na] 258 at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70) ~[junit-rt.jar:na] 259 Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name ‘requestMappingHandlerAdapter‘ defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/servlet/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method ‘requestMappingHandlerAdapter‘ parameter 1; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘mvcConversionService‘ defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/servlet/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService]: Factory method ‘mvcConversionService‘ threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation‘: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: JDBC style parameters (?) are not supported for JPA queries. 260 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:798) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 261 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:539) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 262 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1338) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 263 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1177) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 264 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:557) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 265 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 266 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:323) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 267 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 268 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 269 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 270 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:882) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 271 at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:878) ~[spring-context-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 272 at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:550) ~[spring-context-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 273 at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:747) ~[spring-boot-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 274 at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397) ~[spring-boot-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 275 at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315) ~[spring-boot-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 276 at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:126) ~[spring-boot-test-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 277 at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99) ~[spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 278 at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124) ~[spring-test-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 279 ... 63 common frames omitted 280 Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘mvcConversionService‘ defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/servlet/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService]: Factory method ‘mvcConversionService‘ threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation‘: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: JDBC style parameters (?) are not supported for JPA queries. 281 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:656) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 282 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:636) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 283 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1338) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 284 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1177) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 285 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:557) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 286 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 287 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:323) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 288 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 289 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 290 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 291 at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:276) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 292 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1290) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 293 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1210) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 294 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:885) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 295 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:789) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 296 ... 81 common frames omitted 297 Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionService]: Factory method ‘mvcConversionService‘ threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation‘: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: JDBC style parameters (?) are not supported for JPA queries. 298 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 299 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:651) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 300 ... 95 common frames omitted 301 Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘usersRepositoryQueryAnnotation‘: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: JDBC style parameters (?) are not supported for JPA queries. 302 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1796) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 303 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:595) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 304 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 305 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:323) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 306 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 307 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 308 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:207) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 309 at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1114) ~[spring-context-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 310 at org.springframework.data.repository.support.Repositories.cacheRepositoryFactory(Repositories.java:99) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 311 at org.springframework.data.repository.support.Repositories.populateRepositoryFactoryInformation(Repositories.java:92) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 312 at org.springframework.data.repository.support.Repositories.<init>(Repositories.java:85) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 313 at org.springframework.data.repository.support.DomainClassConverter.setApplicationContext(DomainClassConverter.java:109) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 314 at org.springframework.data.web.config.SpringDataWebConfiguration.addFormatters(SpringDataWebConfiguration.java:131) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 315 at org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerComposite.addFormatters(WebMvcConfigurerComposite.java:81) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 316 at org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.addFormatters(DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.java:78) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 317 at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$EnableWebMvcConfiguration.mvcConversionService(WebMvcAutoConfiguration.java:430) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 318 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 319 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 320 at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 321 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 322 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:154) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 323 ... 96 common frames omitted 324 Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: JDBC style parameters (?) are not supported for JPA queries. 325 at org.springframework.util.Assert.isTrue(Assert.java:118) ~[spring-core-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 326 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractStringBasedJpaQuery.<init>(AbstractStringBasedJpaQuery.java:72) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 327 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.SimpleJpaQuery.<init>(SimpleJpaQuery.java:61) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 328 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryFactory.fromMethodWithQueryString(JpaQueryFactory.java:76) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 329 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryFactory.fromQueryAnnotation(JpaQueryFactory.java:56) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 330 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryLookupStrategy$DeclaredQueryLookupStrategy.resolveQuery(JpaQueryLookupStrategy.java:140) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 331 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryLookupStrategy$CreateIfNotFoundQueryLookupStrategy.resolveQuery(JpaQueryLookupStrategy.java:207) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 332 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryLookupStrategy$AbstractQueryLookupStrategy.resolveQuery(JpaQueryLookupStrategy.java:78) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 333 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.lookupQuery(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:574) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 334 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.lambda$mapMethodsToQuery$1(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:567) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 335 at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:193) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 336 at java.util.Iterator.forEachRemaining(Iterator.java:116) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 337 at java.util.Collections$UnmodifiableCollection$1.forEachRemaining(Collections.java:1049) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 338 at java.util.Spliterators$IteratorSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Spliterators.java:1801) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 339 at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:481) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 340 at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 341 at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateSequential(ReduceOps.java:708) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 342 at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 343 at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:499) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 344 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.mapMethodsToQuery(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:569) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 345 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.lambda$new$0(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:559) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 346 at java.util.Optional.map(Optional.java:215) ~[na:1.8.0_191] 347 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.<init>(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:559) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 348 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport.getRepository(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:332) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 349 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.lambda$afterPropertiesSet$5(RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.java:297) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 350 at org.springframework.data.util.Lazy.getNullable(Lazy.java:212) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 351 at org.springframework.data.util.Lazy.get(Lazy.java:94) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 352 at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.afterPropertiesSet(RepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.java:300) ~[spring-data-commons-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 353 at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.JpaRepositoryFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(JpaRepositoryFactoryBean.java:121) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE] 354 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1855) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 355 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1792) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE] 356 ... 116 common frames omitted 357 358 359 Process finished with exit code -1
2.2）、CrudRepository<T, ID>接口。CrudRepository接口，主要是完成一些增删改查的操作，注意，CrudRepository接口继承了Repository接口，所以CrudRepository接口可以使用Repository接口的功能。
1 package com.bie.springboot.dao; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 4 import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository; 5 6 /** 7 * CrudRepository接口，主要是完成一些增删改查的操作，注意，CrudRepository接口继承了Repository接口， 8 * 所以CrudRepository接口可以使用Repository接口的功能。 9 */ 10 public interface UsersRepositoryCrudRepository extends CrudRepository<Users, Integer> { 11 12 13 }
测试代码，如下所示：
1 package com.bie.springboot; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.dao.UsersRepositoryCrudRepository; 4 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 5 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; 6 import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 7 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 8 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; 9 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 10 11 import java.util.Iterator; 12 import java.util.Optional; 13 14 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 15 @SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootJpaApplication.class) 16 // 启动器，将测试类和启动器整合在一起 17 class SpringbootJpaApplicationTests { 18 19 @Autowired 20 private UsersRepositoryCrudRepository usersRepositoryCrudRepository; 21 22 /** 23 * 插入测试 24 */ 25 @Test 26 public void testSave() { 27 // 默认开启了事务 28 Users users = new Users("亚瑟", 25, "上单"); 29 Users save = this.usersRepositoryCrudRepository.save(users); 30 System.out.println("Users: " + save); 31 } 32 33 /** 34 * 更新测试 35 */ 36 @Test 37 public void testUpdate() { 38 // 默认开启了事务 39 Users users = new Users("亚瑟瑟", 26, "我上单"); 40 users.setId(3); 41 // save方法，如果存在就更新，如果不存在就插入 42 Users save = this.usersRepositoryCrudRepository.save(users); 43 System.out.println("Users: " + save); 44 } 45 46 /** 47 * 查询单个测试 48 */ 49 @Test 50 public void testSelect() { 51 Optional<Users> usersOptional = this.usersRepositoryCrudRepository.findById(3); 52 Users users = usersOptional.orElse(null); 53 System.out.println("Users: " + users); 54 } 55 56 /** 57 * 查询全部测试 58 */ 59 @Test 60 public void testSelectAll() { 61 Iterable<Users> usersIterable = this.usersRepositoryCrudRepository.findAll(); 62 Iterator<Users> iterator = usersIterable.iterator(); 63 while (iterator.hasNext()) { 64 Users user = iterator.next(); 65 System.out.println("Users: " + user); 66 } 67 } 68 69 /** 70 * 删除测试 71 */ 72 @Test 73 public void testDelete() { 74 // 默认开启了事务 75 this.usersRepositoryCrudRepository.deleteById(4); 76 } 77 78 }
2.3）、PagingAndSortingRepository<T, ID>接口。该接口提供了分页和排序的操作，该接口继承了CrudRepository，则该接口可以复用CrudRepository接口的功能。
1 package com.bie.springboot.dao; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 4 import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository; 5 6 /** 7 * PagingAndSortingRepository该接口提供了分页和排序的操作。 8 */ 9 public interface UsersRepositoryPagingAndSortingRepository extends PagingAndSortingRepository<Users, Integer> { 10 11 }
测试代码，如下所示：
1 package com.bie.springboot; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.dao.UsersRepositoryPagingAndSortingRepository; 4 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 5 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; 6 import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 7 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 8 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; 9 import org.springframework.data.domain.Page; 10 import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest; 11 import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable; 12 import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort; 13 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 14 15 import java.util.Iterator; 16 17 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 18 @SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootJpaApplication.class) 19 // 启动器，将测试类和启动器整合在一起 20 class SpringbootJpaApplicationTests { 21 22 @Autowired 23 private UsersRepositoryPagingAndSortingRepository usersRepositoryPagingAndSortingRepository; 24 25 @Test 26 public void testPagingAndSortingRepositorySort() { 27 // Order定义了排序规则。参数一是根据倒叙还是正序，参数二是根据那个字段进行排序。 28 Sort.Order order = new Sort.Order(Sort.Direction.DESC, "id"); 29 // Sort对象封装了排序的规则。 30 Sort sort = Sort.by(order); 31 Iterable<Users> iterable = this.usersRepositoryPagingAndSortingRepository.findAll(sort); 32 Iterator<Users> iterator = iterable.iterator(); 33 while (iterator.hasNext()) { 34 Users users = iterator.next(); 35 System.out.println(users); 36 } 37 } 38 39 @Test 40 public void testPagingAndSortingRepositoryPaging() { 41 // Order定义了排序规则。参数一是根据倒叙还是正序，参数二是根据那个字段进行排序。 42 Sort.Order order = new Sort.Order(Sort.Direction.DESC, "id"); 43 // Sort对象封装了排序的规则。 44 Sort sort = Sort.by(order); 45 46 // Pageable封装了分页的参数，当前页、每页显示的条数。 47 // 注意，Pageable当前页的是从0开始的。 48 // PageRequest类继承了Pageable接口。 49 int page = 0;// 当前页 50 int size = 2;// 每页显示的条数 51 Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(page, size, sort); 52 Page<Users> usersPage = this.usersRepositoryPagingAndSortingRepository.findAll(pageable); 53 Iterator<Users> iterator = usersPage.iterator(); 54 while (iterator.hasNext()) { 55 Users users = iterator.next(); 56 System.out.println(users); 57 } 58 System.out.println("总条数：" + usersPage.getTotalElements()); 59 System.out.println("总页数：" + usersPage.getTotalPages()); 60 } 61 62 63 }
2.4）、JpaRepository<T, ID>接口。JpaRepository该接口继承了PagingAndSortingRepository接口，JpaRepository该接口是开发过程中经常使用的接口，主要的特点提供了对继承父接口中的方法的返回值进行了适配。
1 package com.bie.springboot.dao; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 4 import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; 5 6 public interface UsersRepository extends JpaRepository<Users, Integer> { 7 }
测试代码，如下所示：
1 package com.bie.springboot; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.dao.UsersRepository; 4 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 5 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; 6 import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 7 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 8 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; 9 import org.springframework.data.domain.Page; 10 import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest; 11 import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable; 12 import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort; 13 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 14 15 import java.util.Iterator; 16 import java.util.List; 17 18 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 19 @SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootJpaApplication.class) 20 // 启动器，将测试类和启动器整合在一起 21 class SpringbootJpaApplicationTests { 22 23 @Autowired 24 private UsersRepository usersRepository; 25 26 @Test 27 public void testJpaRepositorySort() { 28 // Order定义了排序规则。参数一是根据倒叙还是正序，参数二是根据那个字段进行排序。 29 Sort.Order order = new Sort.Order(Sort.Direction.DESC, "id"); 30 // Sort对象封装了排序的规则。 31 Sort sort = Sort.by(order); 32 List<Users> usersList = this.usersRepository.findAll(sort); 33 // 不用做强制类型转换了，相对于JpaRepository的父接口。 34 Iterator<Users> iterator = usersList.iterator(); 35 while (iterator.hasNext()) { 36 Users users = iterator.next(); 37 System.out.println(users); 38 } 39 } 40 41 @Test 42 public void testJpaRepositorySortPaging() { 43 // Order定义了排序规则。参数一是根据倒叙还是正序，参数二是根据那个字段进行排序。 44 Sort.Order order = new Sort.Order(Sort.Direction.DESC, "id"); 45 // Sort对象封装了排序的规则。 46 Sort sort = Sort.by(order); 47 48 // Pageable封装了分页的参数，当前页、每页显示的条数。 49 // 注意，Pageable当前页的是从0开始的。 50 // PageRequest类继承了Pageable接口。 51 int page = 0;// 当前页 52 int size = 2;// 每页显示的条数 53 Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(page, size, sort); 54 Page<Users> usersPage = this.usersRepository.findAll(pageable); 55 Iterator<Users> iterator = usersPage.iterator(); 56 while (iterator.hasNext()) { 57 Users users = iterator.next(); 58 System.out.println(users); 59 } 60 System.out.println("总条数：" + usersPage.getTotalElements()); 61 System.out.println("总页数：" + usersPage.getTotalPages()); 62 } 63 64 65 }
2.5）、JpaSpecificationExecutor接口。JpaSpecificationExecutor接口，该接口主要提供了多条件查询的支持，并且可以在查询中添加分页和排序。
注意：JpaSpecificationExecutor该接口是单独存在的，不是从上面的接口中做的继承。需要配合上面的四个接口之一进行使用，不然报错。
1 package com.bie.springboot.dao; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 4 import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; 5 import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor; 6 7 /** 8 * 注意：JpaSpecificationExecutor该接口是单独存在的，不是从上面的接口中做的继承。 9 * <p> 10 * <p> 11 * JpaSpecificationExecutor接口，该接口主要提供了多条件查询的支持，并且可以在查询中添加分页和排序。 12 */ 13 public interface UsersJpaSpecificationExecutor extends JpaRepository<Users, Integer>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<Users> { 14 }
测试代码，如下所示：
1 package com.bie.springboot; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.dao.UsersJpaSpecificationExecutor; 4 import com.bie.springboot.dao.UsersRepository; 5 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 6 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; 7 import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 8 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 9 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; 10 import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort; 11 import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification; 12 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 13 14 import javax.persistence.criteria.*; 15 import java.util.ArrayList; 16 import java.util.Iterator; 17 import java.util.List; 18 19 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 20 @SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootJpaApplication.class) 21 // 启动器，将测试类和启动器整合在一起 22 class SpringbootJpaApplicationTests { 23 24 @Autowired 25 private UsersRepository usersRepository; 26 27 @Autowired 28 private UsersJpaSpecificationExecutor usersJpaSpecificationExecutor; 29 30 /** 31 * 单条件查询。 32 */ 33 @Test 34 public void testJpaSpecificationExecutorOne() { 35 // Order定义了排序规则。参数一是根据倒叙还是正序，参数二是根据那个字段进行排序。 36 Sort.Order order = new Sort.Order(Sort.Direction.DESC, "id"); 37 // Sort对象封装了排序的规则。 38 Sort sort = Sort.by(order); 39 40 // Specification接口封装了查询信息的接口。 41 // Specification<Users>用户封装查询条件的。 42 Specification<Users> specification = new Specification<Users>() { 43 44 /** 45 * Predicate封装了单个的查询条件。 46 * @param root 对查询对象的属性的封装。 47 * @param criteriaQuery 封装了我们要执行的各个部分的信息，比如select、from、order by等等信息。 48 * @param criteriaBuilder 理解为查询条件的构造器。帮助我们定义不同的查询条件的。 49 * @return 50 */ 51 @Override 52 public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Users> root, CriteriaQuery<?> criteriaQuery, CriteriaBuilder criteriaBuilder) { 53 // Root对象封装了所有对象的属性 54 Path<Object> name = root.get("name"); 55 String selectName = "亚瑟"; 56 57 // 参数一表示当前要查询的属性。 58 // 参数二表示查询条件的值。 59 Predicate predicate = criteriaBuilder.equal(name, selectName); 60 return predicate; 61 } 62 }; 63 64 List<Users> usersList = this.usersJpaSpecificationExecutor.findAll(specification, sort); 65 // 不用做强制类型转换了，相对于JpaRepository的父接口。 66 Iterator<Users> iterator = usersList.iterator(); 67 while (iterator.hasNext()) { 68 Users users = iterator.next(); 69 System.out.println(users); 70 } 71 } 72 73 74 /** 75 * 单条件查询。 76 */ 77 @Test 78 public void testJpaSpecificationExecutorMore() { 79 // Order定义了排序规则。参数一是根据倒叙还是正序，参数二是根据那个字段进行排序。 80 Sort.Order order = new Sort.Order(Sort.Direction.DESC, "id"); 81 // Sort对象封装了排序的规则。 82 Sort sort = Sort.by(order); 83 84 // Specification接口封装了查询信息的接口。 85 // Specification<Users>用户封装查询条件的。 86 Specification<Users> specification = new Specification<Users>() { 87 88 /** 89 * Predicate封装了单个的查询条件。 90 * @param root 对查询对象的属性的封装。 91 * @param criteriaQuery 封装了我们要执行的各个部分的信息，比如select、from、order by等等信息。 92 * @param criteriaBuilder 理解为查询条件的构造器。帮助我们定义不同的查询条件的。 93 * @return 94 */ 95 @Override 96 public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Users> root, CriteriaQuery<?> criteriaQuery, CriteriaBuilder criteriaBuilder) { 97 // 多条件查询进行拼接操作。 98 List<Predicate> list = new ArrayList<>(); 99 list.add(criteriaBuilder.equal(root.get("name"), "亚瑟")); 100 list.add(criteriaBuilder.equal(root.get("age"), 25)); 101 Predicate[] predicates = new Predicate[list.size()]; 102 Predicate predicate = criteriaBuilder.and(list.toArray(predicates)); 103 return predicate; 104 } 105 }; 106 107 List<Users> usersList = this.usersJpaSpecificationExecutor.findAll(specification, sort); 108 // 不用做强制类型转换了，相对于JpaRepository的父接口。 109 Iterator<Users> iterator = usersList.iterator(); 110 while (iterator.hasNext()) { 111 Users users = iterator.next(); 112 System.out.println(users); 113 } 114 } 115 116 /** 117 * 多条件查询的另外一种形式。 118 */ 119 @Test 120 public void testJpaSpecificationExecutorThree() { 121 // Order定义了排序规则。参数一是根据倒叙还是正序，参数二是根据那个字段进行排序。 122 Sort.Order order = new Sort.Order(Sort.Direction.DESC, "id"); 123 // Sort对象封装了排序的规则。 124 Sort sort = Sort.by(order); 125 126 // Specification接口封装了查询信息的接口。 127 // Specification<Users>用户封装查询条件的。 128 Specification<Users> specification = new Specification<Users>() { 129 130 /** 131 * Predicate封装了单个的查询条件。 132 * @param root 对查询对象的属性的封装。 133 * @param criteriaQuery 封装了我们要执行的各个部分的信息，比如select、from、order by等等信息。 134 * @param criteriaBuilder 理解为查询条件的构造器。帮助我们定义不同的查询条件的。 135 * @return 136 */ 137 @Override 138 public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Users> root, CriteriaQuery<?> criteriaQuery, CriteriaBuilder criteriaBuilder) { 139 // 多条件查询进行拼接操作。 140 return criteriaBuilder.or(criteriaBuilder.and(criteriaBuilder.equal(root.get("name"), "亚瑟"), criteriaBuilder.equal(root.get("age"), 20)), criteriaBuilder.equal(root.get("id"), 2)); 141 // return criteriaBuilder.and(criteriaBuilder.equal(root.get("name"), "亚瑟"), criteriaBuilder.equal(root.get("age"), 25)); 142 } 143 }; 144 145 List<Users> usersList = this.usersJpaSpecificationExecutor.findAll(specification, sort); 146 // 不用做强制类型转换了，相对于JpaRepository的父接口。 147 Iterator<Users> iterator = usersList.iterator(); 148 while (iterator.hasNext()) { 149 Users users = iterator.next(); 150 System.out.println(users); 151 } 152 } 153 154 155 }
3、SpringBoot整合Spring Data JPA建立关系映射。
3.1、SpringBoot整合Spring Data JPA-建立双向一对多关联映射。需求说明，角色与用户的一对多的关联关系，角色是一方，用户是多方，即一个角色可以有多个用户。
1 package com.bie.springboot.po; 2 3 import javax.persistence.*; 4 5 @Entity // 表示该类是实体类 6 @Table(name = "tb_users") // 表示该实体类和数据表进行映射，name表示实体类和数据表进行映射 7 // 如果使用的是正向工程的话，name属性的值表示的是数据表的表名称。 8 public class Users { 9 10 @Id // 表示该字段是主键 11 @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) // 主键的生成策略 12 @Column(name = "id") // 表示实体类的字段和数据表的字段进行映射的关系，如果是正向工程的话，name的值就是数据表的字段名称 13 private Integer id;// 用户编号 14 15 @Column(name = "name") 16 private String name;// 用户姓名 17 18 @Column(name = "age") 19 private Integer age;// 用户年龄 20 21 @Column(name = "address") 22 private String address;// 用户地址 23 24 // 用户是多方，角色是一方，所以一个用户只能分配一个角色 25 @ManyToOne // 用户对角色，多对一关系 26 @JoinColumn(name = "roles_id") // 该注解的作用就是为了维护一个外键，外键在Users这一侧 27 // 可以通过正向工程在数据表新增一个字段。 28 private Roles roles; 29 30 31 // alt + insert来生成构造器、settergetter等等方法 32 public Integer getId() { 33 return id; 34 } 35 36 public void setId(Integer id) { 37 this.id = id; 38 } 39 40 public String getName() { 41 return name; 42 } 43 44 public void setName(String name) { 45 this.name = name; 46 } 47 48 public Integer getAge() { 49 return age; 50 } 51 52 public void setAge(Integer age) { 53 this.age = age; 54 } 55 56 public String getAddress() { 57 return address; 58 } 59 60 public void setAddress(String address) { 61 this.address = address; 62 } 63 64 @Override 65 public String toString() { 66 return "Users{" + 67 "id=" + id + 68 ", name=‘" + name + ‘‘‘ + 69 ", age=" + age + 70 ", address=‘" + address + ‘‘‘ + 71 ‘}‘; 72 } 73 74 public Users(String name, Integer age, String address) { 75 this.name = name; 76 this.age = age; 77 this.address = address; 78 } 79 80 81 public Users() { 82 } 83 84 public Roles getRoles() { 85 return roles; 86 } 87 88 public void setRoles(Roles roles) { 89 this.roles = roles; 90 } 91 92 }
角色信息表实体类，如下所示：
1 package com.bie.springboot.po; 2 3 import javax.persistence.*; 4 import java.util.HashSet; 5 import java.util.Set; 6 7 @Entity 8 @Table(name = "tb_roles") 9 public class Roles { 10 11 @Id 12 @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) 13 @Column(name = "roleId") 14 private Integer roleId;// 角色编号 15 16 @Column(name = "roleName") 17 private String roleName;// 角色名称 18 19 // 角色是多的方式，一个角色可以分配给多个用户 20 @OneToMany(mappedBy = "roles") //表示一对多的关系,mappedBy表示向Set集合放Users,放的是当前roles相同的，外键和主键相同的 21 // 表示外键和主键相同的，做在角色表里面角色和那个用户之间的描述。 22 private Set<Users> usersSet = new HashSet<Users>(); 23 24 public Integer getRoleId() { 25 return roleId; 26 } 27 28 public void setRoleId(Integer roleId) { 29 this.roleId = roleId; 30 } 31 32 public String getRoleName() { 33 return roleName; 34 } 35 36 public void setRoleName(String roleName) { 37 this.roleName = roleName; 38 } 39 40 @Override 41 public String toString() { 42 return "Roles{" + 43 "roleId=" + roleId + 44 ", roleName=‘" + roleName + ‘‘‘ + 45 ‘}‘; 46 } 47 48 public Roles(String roleName) { 49 this.roleName = roleName; 50 } 51 52 public Roles() { 53 } 54 55 public Set<Users> getUsersSet() { 56 return usersSet; 57 } 58 59 public void setUsersSet(Set<Users> usersSet) { 60 this.usersSet = usersSet; 61 } 62 63 }
测试代码，如下所示：
1 package com.bie.springboot; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.dao.UsersRepository; 4 import com.bie.springboot.po.Roles; 5 import com.bie.springboot.po.Users; 6 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; 7 import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 8 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 9 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; 10 import org.springframework.data.domain.Example; 11 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 12 13 import java.util.Optional; 14 15 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 16 @SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootJpaApplication.class) 17 // 启动器，将测试类和启动器整合在一起 18 class SpringbootJpaApplicationTests { 19 20 @Autowired 21 private UsersRepository usersRepository; 22 23 /** 24 * 一对多关联关系的添加 25 */ 26 @Test 27 public void testSave() { 28 // 创建一个用户 29 Users users = new Users("admin", 22, "北京市西城区"); 30 31 // 创建一个角色 32 Roles roles = new Roles("管理员"); 33 34 // 关联，建立双向关系 35 roles.getUsersSet().add(users); 36 users.setRoles(roles); 37 38 // 新增,插入用户的时候进行级联操作。 39 this.usersRepository.save(users); 40 } 41 42 /** 43 * 一对多关联关系的查询 44 */ 45 @Test 46 public void testSelect() { 47 Users users = new Users(); 48 users.setId(1); 49 Example<Users> example = Example.of(users); 50 Optional<Users> usersOptional = this.usersRepository.findOne(example); 51 Users users1 = usersOptional.orElse(null); 52 System.out.println(users1.toString()); 53 System.out.println(users1.getRoles().toString()); 54 } 55 56 }
3.2、SpringBoot整合Spring Data JPA-建立双向多对多关联映射。多对多的关联关系，需求，角色与菜单多对多的关联关系，角色是多方，菜单也是多方。
1 package com.bie.springboot.po; 2 3 import javax.persistence.*; 4 import java.util.HashSet; 5 import java.util.Set; 6 7 @Entity 8 @Table(name = "tb_menus") 9 public class Menus { 10 11 @Id 12 @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) 13 @Column(name = "menuId") 14 private Integer menuId;// 菜单编号 15 16 @Column(name = "menuName") 17 private String menuName;// 菜单名称 18 19 @Column(name = "menuUrl") 20 private String menuUrl;// 菜单名称 21 22 @Column(name = "menuParentId") 23 private Integer menuParentId;// 菜单名称 24 25 // mappedBy的属性值必须是Roles属性字段private Set<Menus> menusSet = new HashSet<Menus>();的值名称 26 @ManyToMany(mappedBy = "menusSet") // 多对多的关联关系，表示菜单和角色是多对多的关系 27 private Set<Roles> rolesSet = new HashSet<Roles>(); 28 29 public Integer getMenuId() { 30 return menuId; 31 } 32 33 public void setMenuId(Integer menuId) { 34 this.menuId = menuId; 35 } 36 37 public String getMenuName() { 38 return menuName; 39 } 40 41 public void setMenuName(String menuName) { 42 this.menuName = menuName; 43 } 44 45 public String getMenuUrl() { 46 return menuUrl; 47 } 48 49 public void setMenuUrl(String menuUrl) { 50 this.menuUrl = menuUrl; 51 } 52 53 public Integer getMenuParentId() { 54 return menuParentId; 55 } 56 57 public void setMenuParentId(Integer menuParentId) { 58 this.menuParentId = menuParentId; 59 } 60 61 public Menus(String menuName, String menuUrl, Integer menuParentId) { 62 this.menuName = menuName; 63 this.menuUrl = menuUrl; 64 this.menuParentId = menuParentId; 65 } 66 67 public Menus() { 68 } 69 70 @Override 71 public String toString() { 72 return "Menus{" + 73 "menuId=" + menuId + 74 ", menuName=‘" + menuName + ‘‘‘ + 75 ", menuUrl=‘" + menuUrl + ‘‘‘ + 76 ", menuParentId=" + menuParentId + 77 ‘}‘; 78 } 79 80 public Set<Roles> getRolesSet() { 81 return rolesSet; 82 } 83 84 public void setRolesSet(Set<Roles> rolesSet) { 85 this.rolesSet = rolesSet; 86 } 87 }
角色信息实体类，如下所示：
1 package com.bie.springboot.po; 2 3 import javax.persistence.*; 4 import java.util.HashSet; 5 import java.util.Set; 6 7 @Entity 8 @Table(name = "tb_roles") 9 public class Roles { 10 11 @Id 12 @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) 13 @Column(name = "roleId") 14 private Integer roleId;// 角色编号 15 16 @Column(name = "roleName") 17 private String roleName;// 角色名称 18 19 // 角色是多的方式，一个角色可以分配给多个用户 20 // mappedBy的属性值必须是Users属性字段private Roles roles;的值名称 21 @OneToMany(mappedBy = "roles") //表示一对多的关系,mappedBy表示向Set集合放Users,放的是当前roles相同的，外键和主键相同的 22 // 表示外键和主键相同的，做在角色表里面角色和那个用户之间的描述。 23 private Set<Users> usersSet = new HashSet<Users>(); 24 25 // 立即加载fetch = FetchType.EAGER 26 @ManyToMany(cascade = CascadeType.PERSIST, fetch = FetchType.EAGER) // 多对多的关联关系，表示菜单和角色是多对多的关系 27 // joinColumns当前表中的主键所关联的中间中的外键字段. 28 // inverseJoinColumns那一侧的中间的外键的名称叫什么 29 @JoinTable(name = "tb_roles_menus", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "roleId"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "menuId")) 30 // 该注解表示映射中间表之间的信息，多对多需要一个中间表 31 // name表示数据表的名称，joinColumns表示当前表中需要拿主键和中间表的那个外键做关联。 32 // 中间表有两个外键，一个中间表关联一个外键，其实就是两个一对多的关系. 33 private Set<Menus> menusSet = new HashSet<Menus>(); 34 35 public Integer getRoleId() { 36 return roleId; 37 } 38 39 public void setRoleId(Integer roleId) { 40 this.roleId = roleId; 41 } 42 43 public String getRoleName() { 44 return roleName; 45 } 46 47 public void setRoleName(String roleName) { 48 this.roleName = roleName; 49 } 50 51 @Override 52 public String toString() { 53 return "Roles{" + 54 "roleId=" + roleId + 55 ", roleName=‘" + roleName + ‘‘‘ + 56 ‘}‘; 57 } 58 59 public Roles(String roleName) { 60 this.roleName = roleName; 61 } 62 63 public Roles() { 64 } 65 66 public Set<Users> getUsersSet() { 67 return usersSet; 68 } 69 70 public void setUsersSet(Set<Users> usersSet) { 71 this.usersSet = usersSet; 72 } 73 74 public Set<Menus> getMenusSet() { 75 return menusSet; 76 } 77 78 public void setMenusSet(Set<Menus> menusSet) { 79 this.menusSet = menusSet; 80 } 81 }
测试代码，如下所示：
1 package com.bie.springboot; 2 3 import com.bie.springboot.dao.RolesRepository; 4 import com.bie.springboot.po.Menus; 5 import com.bie.springboot.po.Roles; 6 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; 7 import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 8 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 9 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; 10 import org.springframework.data.domain.Example; 11 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 12 13 import java.util.Optional; 14 import java.util.Set; 15 16 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 17 @SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootJpaApplication.class) 18 // 启动器，将测试类和启动器整合在一起 19 class SpringbootJpaApplicationTests { 20 21 @Autowired 22 private RolesRepository rolesRepository; 23 24 /** 25 * 多对多关联关系的添加 26 */ 27 @Test 28 public void testSave() { 29 // 创建一个菜单对象 30 Menus menus = new Menus("菜单一", "菜单一", 0); 31 Menus menus2 = new Menus("菜单二", "菜单二", 2); 32 33 // 创建一个角色 34 Roles roles = new Roles("项目经理"); 35 36 // 关联，建立双向关系 37 roles.getMenusSet().add(menus); 38 roles.getMenusSet().add(menus2); 39 menus.getRolesSet().add(roles); 40 menus2.getRolesSet().add(roles); 41 42 // 新增,插入角色的时候进行级联操作。 43 this.rolesRepository.save(roles); 44 } 45 46 /** 47 * 一对多关联关系的查询 48 */ 49 @Test 50 public void testSelect() { 51 Roles roles = new Roles(); 52 roles.setRoleId(1); 53 Example<Roles> example = Example.of(roles); 54 Optional<Roles> optionalRoles = this.rolesRepository.findOne(example); 55 Roles roles1 = optionalRoles.orElse(null); 56 System.out.println(roles1.getRoleName()); 57 Set<Menus> menus = roles.getMenusSet(); 58 for (Menus menus2 : menus) { 59 System.out.println(menus2); 60 } 61 } 62 63 }
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