Spring Boot从原理到实战

Posted 2021-01-13

“回眸一笑百媚生”，说的就是Spring Boot。开始只是听说了这个名词，那它和spring有啥区别啊，名字有点类似哦。所以说：Spring Boot是spring的升级版，但并不是对spring功能上的增强，而是提供了一种快速使用spring的方式：开箱即用，没有代码生成，也无需XML配置。

? ? 如何使用SpringBoot呢？首先创建一个一般的Maven项目，有一个pom.xml和基本的src/main/java结构。

1、pom文件配置

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.nes.spring.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>SpringBootDemo1</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
    <!--spring-boot-starter-parent包含了大量配置好的依赖管理，在自己项目添加这些依赖的时候不需要写<version>版本号-->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--spring-boot-starter-web 提供了mvc、aop的依赖包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- Compile -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.5.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- spring boot maven plugin -->
             <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <dependencies>
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                        <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
                        <version>1.2.5.RELEASE</version>
                    </dependency>
                </dependencies>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

注意：Spring默认使用jdk1.6，如果你想使用jdk1.8，你需要在pom.xml的属性里面添加java.version；

2、新建HelloController测试类，pojo对象Demo类，很平常的code。

@RestController
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(){
        return "hello-2017";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/getDemo")
    public Demo getDemo(){
        Demo demo = new Demo();
        demo.setId(1);
        demo.setName("星星");
        demo.setCreateTime(new Date());
        demo.setRemarks("测试你会不会出现");
        return demo;
    }
}

3、新建启动类Application.java

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

    //在main方法中启动程序
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
    }
}

Spring Boot是使用SpringApplication引导项目启动，SpringApplication类为我们引导项目提供了一种便利的方式——通过main()方法直接启动。大多数情况下，我们可以把项目启动这个任务直接委托给SpringApplication.run方法。 右击 run ‘Application.java‘就可以启动，控制台也会出现相应的提示。

4、问题

? ? 运行的时候报错：Caused by: org.springframework.context.annotation.ConflictingBeanDefinitionException: Annotation-specified bean name ‘errorPageFilter‘ for bean class [org.springframework.boot.web.support.ErrorPageFilter] conflicts with existing；

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Failed to parse configuration class [Application]; nested exception is org.springframework.context.annotation.ConflictingBeanDefinitionException: Annotation-specified bean name ‘errorPageFilter‘ for bean class [org.springframework.boot.web.support.ErrorPageFilter] conflicts with existing, non-compatible bean definition of same name and class [org.springframework.boot.context.web.ErrorPageFilter]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:187) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:324) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:246) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:273) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:98) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:681) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:523) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:122) ~[spring-boot-1.4.1.RELEASE.jar:1.4.1.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:761) [spring-boot-1.4.1.RELEASE.jar:1.4.1.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:371) [spring-boot-1.4.1.RELEASE.jar:1.4.1.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315) [spring-boot-1.4.1.RELEASE.jar:1.4.1.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1186) [spring-boot-1.4.1.RELEASE.jar:1.4.1.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1175) [spring-boot-1.4.1.RELEASE.jar:1.4.1.RELEASE]
at Application.main(Application.java:12) [classes/:na]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_05]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_05]
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_05]
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483) ~[na:1.8.0_05]
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144) [idea_rt.jar:na]
Caused by: org.springframework.context.annotation.ConflictingBeanDefinitionException: Annotation-specified bean name ‘errorPageFilter‘ for bean class [org.springframework.boot.web.support.ErrorPageFilter] conflicts with existing, non-compatible bean definition of same name and class [org.springframework.boot.context.web.ErrorPageFilter]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.checkCandidate(ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.java:320) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.doScan(ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.java:259) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScanAnnotationParser.parse(ComponentScanAnnotationParser.java:137) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.doProcessConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:275) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.processConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:237) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:204) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(ConfigurationClassParser.java:173) ~[spring-context-4.3.3.RELEASE.jar:4.3.3.RELEASE]
... 18 common frames omitted

pring boot 第一个测试项目报错，提示是errorPageFilter bean 冲突，但其实是配置类没有放到package下。只要随意放到一个package下就不会有问题了。Spring Boot是无需XML配置的，它会自动识别特定目录下的文件，如果没有放到package下，它识别不了，应该是这样子的。