什么是 MyBatis？
MyBatis 是支持普通 SQL 查询，存储过程和高级映射的优秀持久层框架。 MyBatis 消除了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码和参数的手工设置以及对结果集的检索。MyBatis 可以使用简单的XML 或注解用于配置和原始映射，将接口和 Java 的 POJO（Plain Old Java Objects，普通的Java对象）映射成数据库中的记录。
MyBatis下载：https://github.com/mybatis/mybatis-3/releases
Mybatis实例
对一个User表的CRUD操作：
User表：
-- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for `user` -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`; CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `userName` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `userAge` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `userAddress` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of user -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (\'1\', \'summer\', \'30\', \'shanghai\'); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (\'2\', \'test2\', \'22\', \'suzhou\'); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (\'3\', \'test1\', \'29\', \'some place\'); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (\'4\', \'lu\', \'28\', \'some place\'); INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (\'5\', \'xiaoxun\', \'27\', \'nanjing\');
在Src目录下建一个mybatis的xml配置文件Configuration.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- mybatis别名定义 -->
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias alias="User" type="com.mybatis.test.User"/>
</typeAliases>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mybatis" />
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="admin"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- mybatis的mapper文件，每个xml配置文件对应一个接口 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/mybatis/test/User.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
定义User mappers的User.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.mybatis.test.IUserOperation">
<!-- select语句 -->
<select id="selectUserByID" parameterType="int" resultType="User">
select * from `user` where user.id = #{id}
</select>
<!-- 定义的resultMap，可以解决类的属性名和数据库列名不一致的问题-->
<!-- <resultMap type="User" id="userResultMap">
<id property="id" column="user_id" />
<result property="userName" column="user_userName" />
<result property="userAge" column="user_userAge" />
<result property="userAddress" column="user_userAddress" />
</resultMap> -->
<!-- 返回list的select语句，注意 resultMap的值是指向前面定义好的 -->
<!-- <select id="selectUsersByName" parameterType="string" resultMap="userResultMap">
select * from user where user.userName = #{userName}
</select> -->
<select id="selectUsersByName" parameterType="string" resultType="User">
select * from user where user.userName = #{userName}
</select>
<!--执行增加操作的SQL语句。id和parameterType分别与IUserOperation接口中的addUser方法的名字和参数类型一致。
useGeneratedKeys设置为"true"表明要MyBatis获取由数据库自动生成的主键；keyProperty="id"指定把获取到的主键值注入到User的id属性-->
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="User"
useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
insert into user(userName,userAge,userAddress)
values(#{userName},#{userAge},#{userAddress})
</insert>
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="User" >
update user set userName=#{userName},userAge=#{userAge},userAddress=#{userAddress} where id=#{id}
</update>
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
delete from user where id=#{id}
</delete>
</mapper>
配置文件实现了接口和SQL语句的映射关系。selectUsersByName采用了2种方式实现，注释掉的也是一种实现，采用resultMap可以把属性和数据库列名映射关系定义好，property为类的属性，column是表的列名，也可以是表列名的别名！
User类的定义：
package com.mybatis.test;
public class User {
private int id;
private String userName;
private int userAge;
private String userAddress;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public int getUserAge() {
return userAge;
}
public void setUserAge(int userAge) {
this.userAge = userAge;
}
public String getUserAddress() {
return userAddress;
}
public void setUserAddress(String userAddress) {
this.userAddress = userAddress;
}
@Override
public String toString(){
return this.userName+" "+this.userAge+" "+this.userAddress;
}
}
IUserOperaton定义：
package com.mybatis.test;
import java.util.List;
public interface IUserOperation {
public User selectUserByID(int id);
public List<User> selectUsersByName(String userName);
public void addUser(User user);
public void updateUser(User user);
public void deleteUser(int id);
}
IUserOperation为操作接口，函数名和mybatis的xml配置文件中的操作id名对应。
测试类Test：
package com.mybatis.test;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
public class Test {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
private static Reader reader;
static {
try {
reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("Configuration.xml");
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static SqlSessionFactory getSession() {
return sqlSessionFactory;
}
public void getUserByID(int userID) {
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
try {
IUserOperation userOperation = session
.getMapper(IUserOperation.class);
User user = userOperation.selectUserByID(userID);
if (user != null) {
System.out.println(user.getId() + ":" + user.getUserName()
+ ":" + user.getUserAddress());
}
} finally {
session.close();
}
}
public void getUserList(String userName) {
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
try {
IUserOperation userOperation = session
.getMapper(IUserOperation.class);
List<User> users = userOperation.selectUsersByName(userName);
for (User user : users) {
System.out.println(user.getId() + ":" + user.getUserName()
+ ":" + user.getUserAddress());
}
} finally {
session.close();
}
}
/**
* 增加后要commit
*/
public void addUser() {
User user = new User();
user.setUserAddress("place");
user.setUserName("test_add");
user.setUserAge(30);
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
try {
IUserOperation userOperation = session
.getMapper(IUserOperation.class);
userOperation.addUser(user);
session.commit();
System.out.println("新增用户ID：" + user.getId());
} finally {
session.close();
}
}
/**
* 修改后要commit
*/
public void updateUser() {
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
try {
IUserOperation userOperation = session
.getMapper(IUserOperation.class);
User user = userOperation.selectUserByID(1);
if (user != null) {
user.setUserAddress("A new place");
userOperation.updateUser(user);
session.commit();
}
} finally {
session.close();
}
}
/**
* 删除后要commit.
*
* @param id
*/
public void deleteUser(int id) {
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
try {
IUserOperation userOperation = session
.getMapper(IUserOperation.class);
userOperation.deleteUser(id);
session.commit();
} finally {
session.close();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Test test = new Test();
// test.getUserByID(1);
// test.getUserList("test1");
// test.addUser();
// test.updateUser();
// test.deleteUser(6);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
MyBatis Mapper单个参数、多个参数传参区别
1、单个参数
mybatis不会做特殊处理
#{参数名/任意名}：取出参数值。
在接口EmployeeMapper.java中有
public Employee getEmpById(Integer id);
EmployeeMapper.xml中用#{id}取出参数值，因为只有一个，用任意名也可以，如下：
<select id="getEmpById" resultType="com.atguigu.mybatis.bean.Employee">
select * from tbl_employee where id = #{abcde}
</select>
2、多个参数
mybatis会做特殊处理
我们在接口EmployeeMapper.java中新加一个方法：
public Employee getEmpByIdAndLastName(Integer id,String lastName);
取值方法：用#{id},#{lastName}这种方式取出参数
<select id="getEmpByIdAndLastName" resultType="com.atguigu.mybatis.bean.Employee">
select * from tbl_employee where id = #{id} and last_name=#{lastName}
</select>
结果出异常了：
org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException:
Parameter \'id\' not found.
Available parameters are [1, 0, param1, param2]
【命名参数】：明确指定封装参数：
public Employee getEmpByIdAndLastName(@Param("id") Integer id, @Param("lastName") String lastName);
这样就用#{id},#{lastName}这种方式取出参数了：
<select id="getEmpByIdAndLastName" resultType="com.atguigu.mybatis.bean.Employee">
select * from tbl_employee where id = #{id} and last_name=#{lastName}
</select>