基于springboot微信公众号开发,几分钟学会微信自动回复

Posted 2020-10-21 若星汉浮云

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效果图

1.准备工作

申请微信订阅号(个人只能申请订阅号,而且没什么功能,也无法认证),申请完毕,点击开发=>基本配置,如下图:

服务器配置需要有域名 80端口,我猜你没有,这里推荐个实用工具,pagekite,下载链接,

这个工具需要 python2.7以上环境,还有邮箱一个,一个邮箱一个月,邮箱这东西大家懂得,

用pagekite申请完域名,就可以用自己的电脑做订阅号服务器了.

2.服务器代码

创建个springboot工程

pom.xml

<properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 使thymeleaf支持h5标签 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId>
            <artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.22</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

入口类

@SpringBootApplication
public class WeChatApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(WeChatApplication.class, args);
        System.out.println("====启动成功====");
    }

}

application.properties,配置server.port=80

Controller,这个是处理微信请求,get方法就是微信公众平台服务器配置url请求的路径,post是处理用户事件

@RestController
public class WeChatController {
    @Autowired
    private WeChatService weChatService;
    /**
     * 处理微信服务器发来的get请求，进行签名的验证
     * 
     * signature 微信端发来的签名
     * timestamp 微信端发来的时间戳
     * nonce     微信端发来的随机字符串
     * echostr   微信端发来的验证字符串
     */
    @GetMapping(value = "wechat")
    public String validate(@RequestParam(value = "signature") String signature,
            @RequestParam(value = "timestamp") String timestamp, 
            @RequestParam(value = "nonce") String nonce,
            @RequestParam(value = "echostr") String echostr) {
        return WeChatUtil.checkSignature(signature, timestamp, nonce) ? echostr : null;

    }
    /**
     * 此处是处理微信服务器的消息转发的
     */
    @PostMapping(value = "wechat")
    public String processMsg(HttpServletRequest request) {
        // 调用核心服务类接收处理请求
        return weChatService.processRequest(request);        
    }
}

Service,处理post请求

/**
 * 核心服务类
 */
@Service
public class WeChatServiceImpl implements WeChatService{
    @Autowired
    private FeignUtil feignUtil;
    @Autowired
    private RedisUtils redisUtils;
    public String processRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
        // xml格式的消息数据
        String respXml = null;
        // 默认返回的文本消息内容
        String respContent;
        try {
            // 调用parseXml方法解析请求消息
            Map<String,String> requestMap = WeChatUtil.parseXml(request);
             // 消息类型
            String msgType = (String) requestMap.get(WeChatContant.MsgType);
            String mes = null;
            // 文本消息
            if (msgType.equals(WeChatContant.REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_TEXT)) {
                mes =requestMap.get(WeChatContant.Content).toString();
                if(mes!=null&&mes.length()<2){
                    List<ArticleItem> items = new ArrayList<>();
                    ArticleItem item = new ArticleItem();
                    item.setTitle("照片墙");
                    item.setDescription("阿狸照片墙");
                    item.setPicUrl("http://changhaiwx.pagekite.me/photo-wall/a/iali11.jpg");
                    item.setUrl("http://changhaiwx.pagekite.me/page/photowall");
                    items.add(item);
                    
                    item = new ArticleItem();
                    item.setTitle("哈哈");
                    item.setDescription("一张照片");
                    item.setPicUrl("http://changhaiwx.pagekite.me/images/me.jpg");
                    item.setUrl("http://changhaiwx.pagekite.me/page/index");
                    items.add(item);
                    
                    item = new ArticleItem();
                    item.setTitle("小游戏2048");
                    item.setDescription("小游戏2048");
                    item.setPicUrl("http://changhaiwx.pagekite.me/images/2048.jpg");
                    item.setUrl("http://changhaiwx.pagekite.me/page/game2048");
                    items.add(item);
                    
                    item = new ArticleItem();
                    item.setTitle("百度");
                    item.setDescription("百度一下");
                    item.setPicUrl("https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&quality=80&size=b9999_10000&sec=1505100912368&di=69c2ba796aa2afd9a4608e213bf695fb&imgtype=0&src=http%3A%2F%2Ftx.haiqq.com%2Fuploads%2Fallimg%2F170510%2F0634355517-9.jpg");
                    item.setUrl("http://www.baidu.com");
                    items.add(item);
                    
                    respXml = WeChatUtil.sendArticleMsg(requestMap, items);
                }else if("我的信息".equals(mes)){
                    Map<String, String> userInfo = getUserInfo(requestMap.get(WeChatContant.FromUserName));
                    System.out.println(userInfo.toString());
                    String nickname = userInfo.get("nickname");
                    String city = userInfo.get("city");
                    String province = userInfo.get("province");
                    String country = userInfo.get("country");
                    String headimgurl = userInfo.get("headimgurl");
                    List<ArticleItem> items = new ArrayList<>();
                    ArticleItem item = new ArticleItem();
                    item.setTitle("你的信息");
                    item.setDescription("昵称:"+nickname+"  地址:"+country+" "+province+" "+city);
                    item.setPicUrl(headimgurl);
                    item.setUrl("http://www.baidu.com");
                    items.add(item);
                    
                    respXml = WeChatUtil.sendArticleMsg(requestMap, items);
                }
            }
            // 图片消息
            else if (msgType.equals(WeChatContant.REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_IMAGE)) {
                respContent = "您发送的是图片消息！";
                respXml = WeChatUtil.sendTextMsg(requestMap, respContent);
            }
            // 语音消息
            else if (msgType.equals(WeChatContant.REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_VOICE)) {
                respContent = "您发送的是语音消息！";
                respXml = WeChatUtil.sendTextMsg(requestMap, respContent);
            }
            // 视频消息
            else if (msgType.equals(WeChatContant.REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_VIDEO)) {
                respContent = "您发送的是视频消息！";
                respXml = WeChatUtil.sendTextMsg(requestMap, respContent);
            }
            // 地理位置消息
            else if (msgType.equals(WeChatContant.REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_LOCATION)) {
                respContent = "您发送的是地理位置消息！";
                respXml = WeChatUtil.sendTextMsg(requestMap, respContent);
            }
            // 链接消息
            else if (msgType.equals(WeChatContant.REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_LINK)) {
                respContent = "您发送的是链接消息！";
                respXml = WeChatUtil.sendTextMsg(requestMap, respContent);
            }
            // 事件推送
            else if (msgType.equals(WeChatContant.REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_EVENT)) {
                // 事件类型
                String eventType = (String) requestMap.get(WeChatContant.Event);
                // 关注
                if (eventType.equals(WeChatContant.EVENT_TYPE_SUBSCRIBE)) {
                    respContent = "谢谢您的关注！";
                    respXml = WeChatUtil.sendTextMsg(requestMap, respContent);
                }
                // 取消关注
                else if (eventType.equals(WeChatContant.EVENT_TYPE_UNSUBSCRIBE)) {
                    // TODO 取消订阅后用户不会再收到公众账号发送的消息，因此不需要回复
                }
                // 扫描带参数二维码
                else if (eventType.equals(WeChatContant.EVENT_TYPE_SCAN)) {
                    // TODO 处理扫描带参数二维码事件
                }
                // 上报地理位置
                else if (eventType.equals(WeChatContant.EVENT_TYPE_LOCATION)) {
                    // TODO 处理上报地理位置事件
                }
                // 自定义菜单
                else if (eventType.equals(WeChatContant.EVENT_TYPE_CLICK)) {
                    // TODO 处理菜单点击事件
                }
            }
            mes = mes == null ? "不知道你在干嘛" : mes;
            if(respXml == null)
                respXml = WeChatUtil.sendTextMsg(requestMap, mes);
            System.out.println(respXml);
            return respXml;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "";
        
    }

@Override
    public String getToken() {
        String token = (String) redisUtils.get("token");
        if(token == null){
            Map<String, String> tokenMap = feignUtil.getToken((String)redisUtils.get(WeChatContant.appID), (String)redisUtils.get(WeChatContant.appsecret));
            System.out.println("token:\\t"+tokenMap.toString());
            token = tokenMap.get("access_token") ;
            if(token != null){
                redisUtils.set("token", token, 7000L);
            }
                
        }
        return token;
    }

    @Override
    public Map<String, String> getUserInfo(String openid) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return feignUtil.getUserInfo(getToken(), openid);
    }

微信工具类(只写了回复文本消息,和图文消息,其他的都是大同小异)

package com.wechat.util;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

import com.wechat.bean.ArticleItem;

/**
 * 请求校验工具类
 * 
 * @author 32950745
 *
 */
public class WeChatUtil {    

    /**
     * 验证签名
     * 
     * @param signature
     * @param timestamp
     * @param nonce
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean checkSignature(String signature, String timestamp, String nonce) {
        String[] arr = new String[] { WeChatContant.TOKEN, timestamp, nonce };
        // 将token、timestamp、nonce三个参数进行字典序排序
        // Arrays.sort(arr);
        sort(arr);
        StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            content.append(arr[i]);
        }
        MessageDigest md = null;
        String tmpStr = null;

        try {
            md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
            // 将三个参数字符串拼接成一个字符串进行sha1加密
            byte[] digest = md.digest(content.toString().getBytes());
            tmpStr = byteToStr(digest);
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        content = null;
        // 将sha1加密后的字符串可与signature对比，标识该请求来源于微信
        return tmpStr != null ? tmpStr.equals(signature.toUpperCase()) : false;
    }

    /**
     * 将字节数组转换为十六进制字符串
     * 
     * @param byteArray
     * @return
     */
    private static String byteToStr(byte[] byteArray) {
        String strDigest = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < byteArray.length; i++) {
            strDigest += byteToHexStr(byteArray[i]);
        }
        return strDigest;
    }

    /**
     * 将字节转换为十六进制字符串
     * 
     * @param mByte
     * @return
     */
    private static String byteToHexStr(byte mByte) {
        char[] Digit = { \'0\', \'1\', \'2\', \'3\', \'4\', \'5\', \'6\', \'7\', \'8\', \'9\', \'A\', \'B\', \'C\', \'D\', \'E\', \'F\' };
        char[] tempArr = new char[2];
        tempArr[0] = Digit[(mByte >>> 4) & 0X0F];
        tempArr[1] = Digit[mByte & 0X0F];

        String s = new String(tempArr);
        return s;
    }

    private static void sort(String a[]) {
        for (int i = 0; i < a.length - 1; i++) {
            for (int j = i + 1; j < a.length; j++) {
                if (a[j].compareTo(a[i]) < 0) {
                    String temp = a[i];
                    a[i] = a[j];
                    a[j] = temp;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 解析微信发来的请求(xml)
     * 
     * @param request
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked"})
    public static Map<String,String> parseXml(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        // 将解析结果存储在HashMap中
        Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();

        // 从request中取得输入流
        InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
        // 读取输入流
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
        Document document = reader.read(inputStream);
        // 得到xml根元素
        Element root = document.getRootElement();
        // 得到根元素的所有子节点
        List<Element> elementList = root.elements();
        // 遍历所有子节点
        for (Element e : elementList)
            map.put(e.getName(), e.getText());

        // 释放资源
        inputStream.close();
        inputStream = null;
        return map;
    }

    public static String mapToXML(Map map) {
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        sb.append("<xml>");
        mapToXML2(map, sb);
        sb.append("</xml>");
        try {
            return sb.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
        }
        return null;
    }

    private static void mapToXML2(Map map, StringBuffer sb) {
        Set set = map.keySet();
        for (Iterator it = set.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
            String key = (String) it.next();
            Object value = map.get(key);
            if (null == value)
                value = "";
            if (value.getClass().getName().equals("java.util.ArrayList")) {
                ArrayList list = (ArrayList) map.get(key);
                sb.append("<" + key + ">");
                for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
                    HashMap hm = (HashMap) list.get(i);
                    mapToXML2(hm, sb);
                }
                sb.append("</" + key + ">");

            } else {
                if (value instanceof HashMap) {
                    sb.append("<" + key + ">");
                    mapToXML2((HashMap) value, sb);
                    sb.append("</" + key + ">");
                } else {
                    sb.append("<" + key + "><![CDATA[" + value + "]]></" + key + ">");
                }

            }

        }
    }
    /**
     * 回复文本消息
     * @param requestMap
     * @param content
     * @return
     */
     public static String sendTextMsg(Map<String,String> requestMap,String content){
        
        Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("ToUserName", requestMap.get(WeChatContant.FromUserName));
        map.put("FromUserName",  requestMap.get(WeChatContant.ToUserName));
        map.put("MsgType", WeChatContant.RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_TEXT);
        map.put("CreateTime", new Date().getTime());
        map.put("Content", content);
        return  mapToXML(map);
    }
     /**
      * 回复图文消息
      * @param requestMap
      * @param items
      * @return
      */
    public static String sendArticleMsg(Map<String,String> requestMap,List<ArticleItem> items){
        if(items == null || items.size()<1){
            return "";
        }
        Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("ToUserName", requestMap.get(WeChatContant.FromUserName));
        map.put("FromUserName", requestMap.get(WeChatContant.ToUserName));
        map.put("MsgType", "news");
        map.put("CreateTime", new Date().getTime());
        List<Map<String,Object>> Articles=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();  
        for(ArticleItem itembean : items){
            Map<String,Object> item=new HashMap<String, Object>();
            Map<String,Object> itemContent=new HashMap<String, Object>();
            itemContent.put("Title", itembean.getTitle());
            itemContent.put("Description", itembean.getDescription());
            itemContent.put("PicUrl", itembean.getPicUrl());
            itemContent.put("Url", itembean.getUrl());
            item.put("item",itemContent);
            Articles.add(item);
        }
        map.put("Articles", Articles);
        map.put("ArticleCount", Articles.size());
        return mapToXML(map);
    }
    
}

View Code

微信常量

public class WeChatContant {
     //APPID
    public static final String appID = "appid";
    //appsecret
    public static final String appsecret = "appsecret";
    // Token
    public static final String TOKEN = "zch";
    public static final String RESP_MESSAGE_TYPE_TEXT = "text";
    public static final Object REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_TEXT = "text";
    public static final Object REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_IMAGE = "image";
    public static final Object REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_VOICE = "voice";
    public static final Object REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_VIDEO = "video";
    public static final Object REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_LOCATION = "location";
    public static final Object REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_LINK = "link";
    public static final Object REQ_MESSAGE_TYPE_EVENT = "event";
    public static final Object EVENT_TYPE_SUBSCRIBE = "SUBSCRIBE";
    public static final Object EVENT_TYPE_UNSUBSCRIBE = "UNSUBSCRIBE";
    public static final Object EVENT_TYPE_SCAN = "SCAN";
    public static final Object EVENT_TYPE_LOCATION = "LOCATION";
    public static final Object EVENT_TYPE_CLICK = "CLICK";
    
    public static final String FromUserName = "FromUserName";
    public static final String ToUserName = "ToUserName";
    public static final String MsgType = "MsgType";
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