Hibernate (操作步骤)

Posted 2020-10-15

在java工程里导入Hibernate架包:

在添加数据库架包如:

 

Hibernate开发步骤：

 1、Eclipse下创建Hibernate配置文件(需要tools插件)

new---->other---->Hibernate Configuration File(cfg.xml)  点击next----finish  创建下图文件,然后配置dtd文件

然后通过下图的properties文件，编写我们的hibernate.cfg.xml文件

 

常用的配置如下(至此第一步完成)

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
 3         "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
 4         "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
 5 <hibernate-configuration>
 6     <session-factory>
 7         <!-- 配置连接数据库的基本信息 -->
 8         <property name="connection.username">root</property>
 9         <property name="connection.password">root</property>
10         <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
11         <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///hibernate5</property>
12         
13         <!-- 配置hibernate的基本信息 -->
14         <!-- hibernate所使用的数据库方言 -->
15         <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect</property>
16         
17         <!-- 执行操作时是否在控制台打印SQL -->
18         <property name="show_sql">true</property>
19         
20         <!-- 是否对SQL进行格式化 (分行显示)-->
21         <property name="format_sql">true</property>
22         
23         <!-- 指定自动生成数据表的策略 -->
24         <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
25         
26         
27     </session-factory>
28 </hibernate-configuration>

hibernate.cfg.xml

2、创建持久化类

 

 1 package com.tzy.hibernate;
 2 
 3 import java.util.Date;
 4 
 5 public class News {
 6 private Integer id;
 7 private String title;
 8 private String author;
 9 private Date date;
10 public Integer getId() {
11     return id;
12 }
13 public void setId(Integer id) {
14     this.id = id;
15 }
16 public String getTitle() {
17     return title;
18 }
19 public void setTitle(String title) {
20     this.title = title;
21 }
22 public String getAuthor() {
23     return author;
24 }
25 public void setAuthor(String author) {
26     this.author = author;
27 }
28 public Date getDate() {
29     return date;
30 }
31 public void setDate(Date date) {
32     this.date = date;
33 }
34 
35 public News(String title, String author, Date date) {
36     super();
37     this.title = title;
38     this.author = author;
39     this.date = date;
40 }
41 public News() {
42     super();
43 }
44 @Override
45 public String toString() {
46     return "News [id=" + id + ", title=" + title + ", author=" + author + "]";
47 }
48 
49 }

News

 

3、创建对象-关系-映射文件

new---->other---->Hibernate XML Mapping file(hbm.xml)  点击next-next-next----finish  创建下图文件

 

 1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
 3 "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
 4 <!-- Generated 2017-11-19 16:22:35 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
 5 <hibernate-mapping>
 6     <class name="com.tzy.hibernate.News" table="NEWS">
 7         <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
 8             <column name="ID" />
 9             <!-- 指定逐渐生成的方式，native:使用数据库本地方式 -->
10             <generator class="native" />
11         </id>
12         
13         <property name="title" type="java.lang.String">
14             <column name="TITLE" />
15         </property>
16         
17         <property name="author" type="java.lang.String">
18             <column name="AUTHOR" />
19         </property>
20         
21         <property name="date" type="java.util.Date">
22             <column name="DATE" />
23         </property>
24         
25     </class>
26 </hibernate-mapping>

News.hbm.xml

 

然后在hibernate.cfg.xml里面建立映射关系

 

 

4、通过Hibernate API编写访问数据库的代码

 1 package com.tzy.hibernate;
 2 
 3 import java.util.Date;
 4 
 5 import org.hibernate.Session;
 6 import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
 7 import org.hibernate.Transaction;
 8 import org.hibernate.boot.MetadataSources;
 9 import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistry;
10 import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
11 import org.junit.Test;
12 
13 public class HibernateTest {
14     
15     @Test
16     public void test() {
17         //1.创建一个SessionFactory对象
18         SessionFactory sessionFactory = null;
19         
20         //hibernate4获取sessionFactory办法
21         //1).创建Configuration对象：对应hibernate的基本配置信息和关系映射信息
22         //Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
23         //4.0之前这样创建
24         //sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
25         //2).创建一个ServiceRegistry对象：hibernate 4.x新添加的对象
26         //hibernate的任何配置和服务都需要在该对象中注册后才能有效。
27         //ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties())
28         //                                                                .buildServiceRegistry();
29         //3).
30         //sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
31         
32         //4).
33         //hibernate5获取sessionFactory办法
34         //创建StandardServiceRegistry对象(标准服务注册)
35         StandardServiceRegistry standardServiceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().configure().build();
36         
37         sessionFactory = new MetadataSources(standardServiceRegistry).buildMetadata().buildSessionFactory();
38         //2.创建一个Session对象
39         Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
40         
41         //3.开启事物
42         Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
43         
44         //4.执行保存操作
45         News news = new News("Java", "Tzy", new Date());
46         session.save(news);
47         
48         //5.提交事物
49         transaction.commit();
50         
51         //6.关闭Session
52         session.close();
53         
54         //7.关闭SessionFactory对象
55         sessionFactory.close();
56     }
57 
58 }

HibernateTest

1.创建一个SessionFactory对象2.创建一个Session对象3.开启事物4.执行保存操作5.提交事物6.关闭Session7.关闭SessionFactory对象

操作执行完毕（表自动创建---cfg.xml里的生成数据表策略）