Java 使用POI生成带联动下拉框的excel表格

Posted 2020-10-07

                                 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　java 小学生一枚 ，学习记录。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.DVConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataFormat;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Name;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;

public class ExcelLinkage {

    // 样式
    private HSSFCellStyle cellStyle;

    // 初始化省份数据
    private List<String> province = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("湖南",
            "广东"));
    // 初始化数据（湖南的市区）
    private List<String> hnCity = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("长沙市",
            "邵阳市"));
    // 初始化数据（广东市区）
    private List<String> gdCity = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("深圳市",
            "广州市"));

    public void setDataCellStyles(HSSFWorkbook workbook, HSSFSheet sheet) {
        cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
        // 设置边框
        cellStyle.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        cellStyle.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        cellStyle.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        cellStyle.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        // 设置背景色
        cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_GREEN.index);
        cellStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        // 设置居中
        cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
        // 设置字体
        HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
        font.setFontName("宋体");
        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11); // 设置字体大小
        cellStyle.setFont(font);// 选择需要用到的字体格式
        // 设置单元格格式为文本格式（这里还可以设置成其他格式,可以自行百度）
        HSSFDataFormat format = workbook.createDataFormat();
        cellStyle.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("@"));
    }

    /**
     * 创建数据域（下拉联动的数据）
     * 
     * @param workbook
     * @param hideSheetName
     *            数据域名称
     */
    private void creatHideSheet(HSSFWorkbook workbook, String hideSheetName) {
        // 创建数据域
        HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(hideSheetName);
        // 用于记录行
        int rowRecord = 0;
        // 获取行（从0下标开始）
        HSSFRow provinceRow = sheet.createRow(rowRecord);
        // 创建省份数据
        this.creatRow(provinceRow, province);
        // 根据省份插入对应的市信息
        rowRecord++;
        for (int i = 0; i < province.size(); i++) {
            List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
            // 我这里是写死的 ， 实际中应该从数据库直接获取更好
            if (province.get(i).toString().equals("湖南")) {
                // 将省份名称放在插入市的第一列， 这个在后面的名称管理中需要用到
                list.add(0, province.get(i).toString());
                list.addAll(hnCity);
            } else {
                list.add(0, province.get(i).toString());
                list.addAll(gdCity);
            }
            //获取行
            HSSFRow Cityrow = sheet.createRow(rowRecord);
            // 创建省份数据
            this.creatRow(Cityrow, list);
            rowRecord++;
            
        }

    }

    /**
     * 创建一列数据
     * 
     * @param currentRow
     * @param textList
     */
    public void creatRow(HSSFRow currentRow, List<String> text) {
        if (text != null) {
            int i = 0;
            for (String cellValue : text) {
                // 注意列是从（1）下标开始
                HSSFCell userNameLableCell = currentRow.createCell(i++);
                userNameLableCell.setCellValue(cellValue);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 名称管理
     * 
     * @param workbook
     * @param hideSheetName
     *            数据域的sheet名
     */
    private void creatExcelNameList(HSSFWorkbook workbook, String hideSheetName) {
        Name name;
        name = workbook.createName();
        // 设置省名称
        name.setNameName("province");
        name.setRefersToFormula(hideSheetName + "!$A$1:$"
                + this.getcellColumnFlag(province.size())+ "$1");
        // 设置省下面的市
        
        for (int i = 0; i < province.size(); i++) {
            List<String> num = new ArrayList<String>(); 
            if (province.get(i).toString().equals("湖南")) {
                name = workbook.createName();
                num.add(0,province.get(i).toString());
                num.addAll(hnCity);
                name.setNameName(province.get(i).toString());
                name.setRefersToFormula(hideSheetName + "!$B$" + (i + 2) + ":$"
                            + this.getcellColumnFlag(num.size()) + "$" + (i + 2));
            } else {
                name = workbook.createName();
                num.add(0,province.get(i).toString());
                num.addAll(gdCity);
                name.setNameName(province.get(i).toString());
                name.setRefersToFormula(hideSheetName + "!$B$" + (i + 2) + ":$"
                            + this.getcellColumnFlag(num.size()) + "$" + (i + 2));
            }
        }
    }

    // 根据数据值确定单元格位置（比如：28-AB）
    private String getcellColumnFlag(int num) {
        String columFiled = "";
        int chuNum = 0;
        int yuNum = 0;
        if (num >= 1 && num <= 26) {
            columFiled = this.doHandle(num);
        } else {
            chuNum = num / 26;
            yuNum = num % 26;

            columFiled += this.doHandle(chuNum);
            columFiled += this.doHandle(yuNum);
        }
        return columFiled;
    }

    private String doHandle(final int num) {
        String[] charArr = { "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J",
                "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V",
                "W", "X", "Y", "Z" };
        return charArr[num - 1].toString();
    }

    /**
     * 使用已定义的数据源方式设置一个数据验证
     * 
     * @param formulaString
     * @param naturalRowIndex
     * @param naturalColumnIndex
     * @return
     */
    public DataValidation getDataValidationByFormula(String formulaString,
            int naturalRowIndex, int naturalColumnIndex) {

        // 加载下拉列表内容
        DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint
                .createFormulaListConstraint(formulaString);
        // 设置数据有效性加载在哪个单元格上。
        // 四个参数分别是：起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
        int firstRow = naturalRowIndex;
        int lastRow = naturalRowIndex;
        int firstCol = naturalColumnIndex - 1;
        int lastCol = naturalColumnIndex - 1;
        CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow,
                lastRow, firstCol, lastCol);
        // 数据有效性对象
        DataValidation data_validation_list = new HSSFDataValidation(regions,
                constraint);
        return data_validation_list;
    }

    /**
     * 创建一列数据
     * 
     * @param hssfSheet
     */
    public void creatAppRow(HSSFSheet hssfSheet, int naturalRowIndex) {
        // 获取行
        HSSFRow hssfRow = hssfSheet.createRow(naturalRowIndex);

        HSSFCell province = hssfRow.createCell(0);
        province.setCellValue("");
        province.setCellStyle(cellStyle);

        HSSFCell City = hssfRow.createCell(1);
        City.setCellValue("");
        City.setCellStyle(cellStyle);

        // 得到验证对象
        DataValidation data_validation_list1 = this.getDataValidationByFormula(
                "province", naturalRowIndex, 1);
        DataValidation data_validation_list2 = this
                .getDataValidationByFormula("INDIRECT($A"
                        + (naturalRowIndex + 1) + ")", naturalRowIndex, 2);
        // 工作表添加验证数据
        hssfSheet.addValidationData(data_validation_list1);
        hssfSheet.addValidationData(data_validation_list2);
    }

    public void Export() {
        try {
            File file = new File("F:/excel.xls");
            FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
            // 创建excel
            HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
            // 设置sheet 名称
            HSSFSheet excelSheet = workbook.createSheet("excel");
            // 设置样式
            this.setDataCellStyles(workbook, excelSheet);
            // 创建一个隐藏页和隐藏数据集
            this.creatHideSheet(workbook, "shutDataSource");
            // 设置名称数据集
            this.creatExcelNameList(workbook, "shutDataSource");
            // 创建一行数据
            for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
                this.creatAppRow(excelSheet,i);
                
            }
            workbook.write(outputStream);
            outputStream.close();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExcelLinkage linkage = new ExcelLinkage();
        linkage.Export();
    }
}