java-信息安全(十五)-单向认证

Posted 木子旭

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原文地址

http://snowolf.iteye.com/blog/398198

接下来,我们使用第三方CA签名机构完成证书签名。 
    这里我们使用thawte提供的测试用21天免费ca证书。 
    1.要在该网站上注明你的域名,这里使用www.zlex.org作为测试用域名(请勿使用该域名作为你的域名地址,该域名受法律保护!请使用其他非注册域名!)。 
    2.如果域名有效,你会收到邮件要求你访问https://www.thawte.com/cgi/server/try.exe获得ca证书。 
    3.复述密钥库的创建。 

keytool -genkey -validity 36000 -alias www.zlex.org -keyalg RSA -keystore d:\\zlex.keystore

在这里我使用的密码为 123456 
控制台输出: 

输入keystore密码:  
再次输入新密码:  
您的名字与姓氏是什么?  
  [Unknown]:  www.zlex.org  
您的组织单位名称是什么?  
  [Unknown]:  zlex  
您的组织名称是什么?  
  [Unknown]:  zlex  
您所在的城市或区域名称是什么?  
  [Unknown]:  BJ  
您所在的州或省份名称是什么?  
  [Unknown]:  BJ  
该单位的两字母国家代码是什么  
  [Unknown]:  CN  
CN=www.zlex.org, OU=zlex, O=zlex, L=BJ, ST=BJ, C=CN 正确吗?  
  [否]:  Y  
  
输入<tomcat>的主密码  
        (如果和 keystore 密码相同,按回车):  
再次输入新密码:  

4.通过如下命令,从zlex.keystore中导出CA证书申请。

keytool -certreq -alias www.zlex.org -file d:\\zlex.csr -keystore d:\\zlex.keystore -v 

你会获得zlex.csr文件,可以用记事本打开,内容如下格式:

-----BEGIN NEW CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----  
MIIBnDCCAQUCAQAwXDELMAkGA1UEBhMCQ04xCzAJBgNVBAgTAkJKMQswCQYDVQQHEwJCSjENMAsG  
A1UEChMEemxleDENMAsGA1UECxMEemxleDEVMBMGA1UEAxMMd3d3LnpsZXgub3JnMIGfMA0GCSqG  
SIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCR6DXU9Mp+mCKO7cv9JPsj0n1Ec/GpM09qvhpgX3FNad/ZWSDc  
vU77YXZSoF9hQp3w1LC+eeKgd2MlVpXTvbVwBNVd2HiQPp37ic6BUUjSaX8LHtCl7l0BIEye9qQ2  
j8G0kak7e8ZA0s7nb3Ymq/K8BV7v0MQIdhIc1bifK9ZDewIDAQABoAAwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAD  
gYEAMA1r2fbZPtNx37U9TRwadCH2TZZecwKJS/hskNm6ryPKIAp9APWwAyj8WJHRBz5SpZM4zmYO  
oMCI8BcnY2A4JP+R7/SwXTdH/xcg7NVghd9A2SCgqMpF7KMfc5dE3iygdiPu+UhY200Dvpjx8gmJ  
1UbH3+nqMUyCrZgURFslOUY=  
-----END NEW CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----  

  5.将上述文件内容拷贝到https://www.thawte.com/cgi/server/try.exe中,点击next,获得回应内容,这里是p7b格式。 
内容如下:

-----BEGIN PKCS7-----  
MIIF3AYJKoZIhvcNAQcCoIIFzTCCBckCAQExADALBgkqhkiG9w0BBwGgggWxMIID  
EDCCAnmgAwIBAgIQA/mx/pKoaB+KGX2hveFU9zANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCBhzEL  
MAkGA1UEBhMCWkExIjAgBgNVBAgTGUZPUiBURVNUSU5HIFBVUlBPU0VTIE9OTFkx  
HTAbBgNVBAoTFFRoYXd0ZSBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uMRcwFQYDVQQLEw5URVNUIFRF  
U1QgVEVTVDEcMBoGA1UEAxMTVGhhd3RlIFRlc3QgQ0EgUm9vdDAeFw0wOTA1Mjgw  
MDIxMzlaFw0wOTA2MTgwMDIxMzlaMFwxCzAJBgNVBAYTAkNOMQswCQYDVQQIEwJC  
SjELMAkGA1UEBxMCQkoxDTALBgNVBAoTBHpsZXgxDTALBgNVBAsTBHpsZXgxFTAT  
BgNVBAMTDHd3dy56bGV4Lm9yZzCBnzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOBjQAwgYkCgYEA  
keg11PTKfpgiju3L/ST7I9J9RHPxqTNPar4aYF9xTWnf2Vkg3L1O+2F2UqBfYUKd  
8NSwvnnioHdjJVaV0721cATVXdh4kD6d+4nOgVFI0ml/Cx7Qpe5dASBMnvakNo/B  
tJGpO3vGQNLO5292JqvyvAVe79DECHYSHNW4nyvWQ3sCAwEAAaOBpjCBozAMBgNV  
HRMBAf8EAjAAMB0GA1UdJQQWMBQGCCsGAQUFBwMBBggrBgEFBQcDAjBABgNVHR8E  
OTA3MDWgM6Axhi9odHRwOi8vY3JsLnRoYXd0ZS5jb20vVGhhd3RlUHJlbWl1bVNl  
cnZlckNBLmNybDAyBggrBgEFBQcBAQQmMCQwIgYIKwYBBQUHMAGGFmh0dHA6Ly9v  
Y3NwLnRoYXd0ZS5jb20wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADgYEATPuxZbtJJSPmXvfrr1yz  
xqM06IwTZ6UU0lZRG7I0WufMjNMKdpn8hklUhE17mxAhGSpewLVVeLR7uzBLFkuC  
X7wMXxhoYdJZtNai72izU6Rd1oknao7diahvRxPK4IuQ7y2oZ511/4T4vgY6iRAj  
q4q76HhPJrVRL/sduaiu+gYwggKZMIICAqADAgECAgEAMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBAUA  
MIGHMQswCQYDVQQGEwJaQTEiMCAGA1UECBMZRk9SIFRFU1RJTkcgUFVSUE9TRVMg  
T05MWTEdMBsGA1UEChMUVGhhd3RlIENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24xFzAVBgNVBAsTDlRF  
U1QgVEVTVCBURVNUMRwwGgYDVQQDExNUaGF3dGUgVGVzdCBDQSBSb290MB4XDTk2  
MDgwMTAwMDAwMFoXDTIwMTIzMTIxNTk1OVowgYcxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlpBMSIwIAYD  
VQQIExlGT1IgVEVTVElORyBQVVJQT1NFUyBPTkxZMR0wGwYDVQQKExRUaGF3dGUg  
Q2VydGlmaWNhdGlvbjEXMBUGA1UECxMOVEVTVCBURVNUIFRFU1QxHDAaBgNVBAMT  
E1RoYXd0ZSBUZXN0IENBIFJvb3QwgZ8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADgY0AMIGJAoGB  
ALV9kG+Os6x/DOhm+tKUQfzVMWGhE95sFmEtkMMTX2Zi4n6i6BvzoReJ5njzt1LF  
cqu4EUk9Ji20egKKfmqRzmQFLP7+1niSdfJEUE7cKY40QoI99270PTrLjJeaMcCl  
+AYl+kD+RL5BtuKKU3PurYcsCsre6aTvjMcqpTJOGeSPAgMBAAGjEzARMA8GA1Ud  
EwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEEBQADgYEAgozj7BkD9O8si2V0v+EZ/t7E  
fz/LC8y6mD7IBUziHy5/53ymGAGLtyhXHvX+UIE6UWbHro3IqVkrmY5uC93Z2Wew  
A/6edK3KFUcUikrLeewM7gmqsiASEKx2mKRKlu12jXyNS5tXrPWRDvUKtFC1uL9a  
12rFAQS2BkIk7aU+ghYxAA==  
-----END PKCS7-----

将其存储为zlex.p7b 
    6.将由CA签发的证书导入密钥库。

keytool -import -trustcacerts -alias www.zlex.org -file d:\\zlex.p7b -keystore d:\\zlex.keystore -v  

在这里我使用的密码为 123456 
    控制台输出:

输入keystore密码:  
  
回复中的最高级认证:  
  
所有者:CN=Thawte Test CA Root, OU=TEST TEST TEST, O=Thawte Certification, ST=FOR  
 TESTING PURPOSES ONLY, C=ZA  
签发人:CN=Thawte Test CA Root, OU=TEST TEST TEST, O=Thawte Certification, ST=FOR  
 TESTING PURPOSES ONLY, C=ZA  
序列号:0  
有效期: Thu Aug 01 08:00:00 CST 1996 至Fri Jan 01 05:59:59 CST 2021  
证书指纹:  
         MD5:5E:E0:0E:1D:17:B7:CA:A5:7D:36:D6:02:DF:4D:26:A4  
         SHA1:39:C6:9D:27:AF:DC:EB:47:D6:33:36:6A:B2:05:F1:47:A9:B4:DA:EA  
         签名算法名称:MD5withRSA  
         版本: 3  
  
扩展:  
  
#1: ObjectId: 2.5.29.19 Criticality=true  
BasicConstraints:[  
  CA:true  
  PathLen:2147483647  
]  
  
  
... 是不可信的。 还是要安装回复? [否]:  Y  
认证回复已安装在 keystore中  
[正在存储 d:\\zlex.keystore]  

  7.域名定位 
    将域名www.zlex.org定位到本机上。打开C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts文件,将www.zlex.org绑定在本机上。在文件末尾追加127.0.0.1       www.zlex.org。现在通过地址栏访问http://www.zlex.org,或者通过ping命令,如果能够定位到本机,域名映射就搞定了。 

    8.配置server.xml 

<Connector  
    keystoreFile="conf/zlex.keystore"  
    keystorePass="123456"   
    truststoreFile="conf/zlex.keystore"      
    truststorePass="123456"       
    SSLEnabled="true"  
    URIEncoding="UTF-8"  
    clientAuth="false"            
    maxThreads="150"  
    port="443"  
    protocol="HTTP/1.1"  
    scheme="https"  
    secure="true"  
    sslProtocol="TLS" />  

将文件zlex.keystore拷贝到tomcat的conf目录下,重新启动tomcat。访问https://www.zlex.org/,我们发现联网有些迟钝。大约5秒钟后,网页正常显示,同时有如下图所示:

浏览器验证了该CA机构的有效性。 

打开证书,如下图所示:

调整测试类: 

import static org.junit.Assert.*;  
  
import java.io.DataInputStream;  
import java.io.InputStream;  
import java.net.URL;  
  
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;  
  
import org.junit.Test;  
  
/** 
 *  
 * @author 梁栋 
 * @version 1.0 
 * @since 1.0 
 */  
public class CertificateCoderTest {  
    private String password = "123456";  
    private String alias = "www.zlex.org";  
    private String certificatePath = "d:/zlex.cer";  
    private String keyStorePath = "d:/zlex.keystore";  
  
    @Test  
    public void test() throws Exception {  
        System.err.println("公钥加密——私钥解密");  
        String inputStr = "Ceritifcate";  
        byte[] data = inputStr.getBytes();  
  
        byte[] encrypt = CertificateCoder.encryptByPublicKey(data,  
                certificatePath);  
  
        byte[] decrypt = CertificateCoder.decryptByPrivateKey(encrypt,  
                keyStorePath, alias, password);  
        String outputStr = new String(decrypt);  
  
        System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "\\n\\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr);  
  
        // 验证数据一致  
        assertArrayEquals(data, decrypt);  
  
        // 验证证书有效  
        assertTrue(CertificateCoder.verifyCertificate(certificatePath));  
  
    }  
  
    @Test  
    public void testSign() throws Exception {  
        System.err.println("私钥加密——公钥解密");  
  
        String inputStr = "sign";  
        byte[] data = inputStr.getBytes();  
  
        byte[] encodedData = CertificateCoder.encryptByPrivateKey(data,  
                keyStorePath, alias, password);  
  
        byte[] decodedData = CertificateCoder.decryptByPublicKey(encodedData,  
                certificatePath);  
  
        String outputStr = new String(decodedData);  
        System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "\\n\\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr);  
        assertEquals(inputStr, outputStr);  
  
        System.err.println("私钥签名——公钥验证签名");  
        // 产生签名  
        String sign = CertificateCoder.sign(encodedData, keyStorePath, alias,  
                password);  
        System.err.println("签名:\\r" + sign);  
  
        // 验证签名  
        boolean status = CertificateCoder.verify(encodedData, sign,  
                certificatePath);  
        System.err.println("状态:\\r" + status);  
        assertTrue(status);  
  
    }  
  
    @Test  
    public void testHttps() throws Exception {  
        URL url = new URL("https://www.zlex.org/examples/");  
        HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();  
  
        conn.setDoInput(true);  
        conn.setDoOutput(true);  
  
        CertificateCoder.configSSLSocketFactory(conn, password, keyStorePath,  
                keyStorePath);  
  
        InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();  
  
        int length = conn.getContentLength();  
  
        DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(is);  
        byte[] data = new byte[length];  
        dis.readFully(data);  
  
        dis.close();  
        conn.disconnect();  
        System.err.println(new String(data));  
    }  
}  
View Code

再次执行,验证通过! 
由此,我们了基于SSL协议的认证过程。测试类的testHttps方法模拟了一次浏览器的HTTPS访问。

 

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