自从用了 OkHttp,别的都完全不想用了!

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Java封装OkHttp3工具类,适用于Java后端开发者。

说实在话,用过挺多网络请求工具,有过java原生的,HttpClient3和4,但是个人感觉用了OkHttp3之后,之前的那些完全不想再用了。

怎么说呢,代码轻便,使用起来很很很灵活,响应快,比起HttpClient好用许多。当然,这些是我个人观点,不喜勿喷。

准备工作

Maven项目在pom文件中引入jar包

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
    <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
    <version>3.10.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.60</version>
</dependency>

引入json是因为工具类中有些地方用到了,现在通信都流行使用json传输,也少不了要这个jar包

工具类代码

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import okhttp3.*;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class OkHttpUtils 
    private static volatile OkHttpClient okHttpClient = null;
    private static volatile Semaphore semaphore = null;
    private Map<String, String> headerMap;
    private Map<String, String> paramMap;
    private String url;
    private Request.Builder request;

    /**
     * 初始化okHttpClient,并且允许https访问
     */
    private OkHttpUtils() 
        if (okHttpClient == null) 
            synchronized (OkHttpUtils.class) 
                if (okHttpClient == null) 
                    TrustManager[] trustManagers = buildTrustManagers();
                    okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                            .connectTimeout(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                            .writeTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                            .readTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                            .sslSocketFactory(createSSLSocketFactory(trustManagers), (X509TrustManager) trustManagers[0])
                            .hostnameVerifier((hostName, session) -> true)
                            .retryOnConnectionFailure(true)
                            .build();
                    addHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (Khtml, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36");
                
            
        
    

    /**
     * 用于异步请求时,控制访问线程数,返回结果
     *
     * @return
     */
    private static Semaphore getSemaphoreInstance() 
        //只能1个线程同时访问
        synchronized (OkHttpUtils.class) 
            if (semaphore == null) 
                semaphore = new Semaphore(0);
            
        
        return semaphore;
    

    /**
     * 创建OkHttpUtils
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static OkHttpUtils builder() 
        return new OkHttpUtils();
    

    /**
     * 添加url
     *
     * @param url
     * @return
     */
    public OkHttpUtils url(String url) 
        this.url = url;
        return this;
    

    /**
     * 添加参数
     * 
     * @param key   参数名
     * @param value 参数值
     * @return
     */
    public OkHttpUtils addParam(String key, String value) 
        if (paramMap == null) 
            paramMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(16);
        
        paramMap.put(key, value);
        return this;
    

    /**
     * 添加请求头
     *
     * @param key   参数名
     * @param value 参数值
     * @return
     */
    public OkHttpUtils addHeader(String key, String value) 
        if (headerMap == null) 
            headerMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(16);
        
        headerMap.put(key, value);
        return this;
    

    /**
     * 初始化get方法
     *
     * @return
     */
    public OkHttpUtils get() 
        request = new Request.Builder().get();
        StringBuilder urlBuilder = new StringBuilder(url);
        if (paramMap != null) 
            urlBuilder.append("?");
            try 
                for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : paramMap.entrySet()) 
                    urlBuilder.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getKey(), "utf-8")).
                            append("=").
                            append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "utf-8")).
                            append("&");
                
             catch (Exception e) 
                e.printStackTrace();
            
            urlBuilder.deleteCharAt(urlBuilder.length() - 1);
        
        request.url(urlBuilder.toString());
        return this;
    

    /**
     * 初始化post方法
     *
     * @param isJsonPost true等于json的方式提交数据,类似postman里post方法的raw
     *                   false等于普通的表单提交
     * @return
     */
    public OkHttpUtils post(boolean isJsonPost) 
        RequestBody requestBody;
        if (isJsonPost) 
            String json = "";
            if (paramMap != null) 
                json = JSON.toJSONString(paramMap);
             
            requestBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8"), json);
         else 
            FormBody.Builder formBody = new FormBody.Builder();
            if (paramMap != null) 
                paramMap.forEach(formBody::add);
            
            requestBody = formBody.build();
        
        request = new Request.Builder().post(requestBody).url(url);
        return this;
    

    /**
     * 同步请求
     *
     * @return
     */
    public String sync() 
        setHeader(request);
        try 
            Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request.build()).execute();
            assert response.body() != null;
            return response.body().string();
         catch (IOException e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
            return "请求失败:" + e.getMessage();
        
    

    /**
     * 异步请求,有返回值
     */
    public String async() 
        StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder("");
        setHeader(request);
        okHttpClient.newCall(request.build()).enqueue(new Callback() 
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) 
                buffer.append("请求出错:").append(e.getMessage());
            

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException 
                assert response.body() != null;
                buffer.append(response.body().string());
                getSemaphoreInstance().release();
            
        );
        try 
            getSemaphoreInstance().acquire();
         catch (InterruptedException e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        
        return buffer.toString();
    

    /**
     * 异步请求,带有接口回调
     *
     * @param callBack
     */
    public void async(ICallBack callBack) 
        setHeader(request);
        okHttpClient.newCall(request.build()).enqueue(new Callback() 
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) 
                callBack.onFailure(call, e.getMessage());
            

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException 
                assert response.body() != null;
                callBack.onSuccessful(call, response.body().string());
            
        );
    

    /**
     * 为request添加请求头
     *
     * @param request
     */
    private void setHeader(Request.Builder request) 
        if (headerMap != null) 
            try 
                for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headerMap.entrySet()) 
                    request.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
                
             catch (Exception e) 
                e.printStackTrace();
            
        
    


    /**
     * 生成安全套接字工厂,用于https请求的证书跳过
     *
     * @return
     */
    private static SSLSocketFactory createSSLSocketFactory(TrustManager[] trustAllCerts) 
        SSLSocketFactory ssfFactory = null;
        try 
            SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
            sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new SecureRandom());
            ssfFactory = sc.getSocketFactory();
         catch (Exception e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        
        return ssfFactory;
    

    private static TrustManager[] buildTrustManagers() 
        return new TrustManager[]
                new X509TrustManager() 
                    @Override
                    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) 
                    

                    @Override
                    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) 
                    

                    @Override
                    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() 
                        return new X509Certificate[];
                    
                
        ;
    

    /**
     * 自定义一个接口回调
     */
    public interface ICallBack 

        void onSuccessful(Call call, String data);

        void onFailure(Call call, String errorMsg);

    

使用教程

public static void main(String[] args) 
    // get请求,方法顺序按照这种方式,切记选择post/get一定要放在倒数第二,同步或者异步倒数第一,才会正确执行
    OkHttpUtils.builder().url("请求地址,http/https都可以")
            // 有参数的话添加参数,可多个
            .addParam("参数名", "参数值")
            .addParam("参数名", "参数值")
            // 也可以添加多个
            .addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
            .get()
            // 可选择是同步请求还是异步请求
            //.async();
            .sync();

    // post请求,分为两种,一种是普通表单提交,一种是json提交
    OkHttpUtils.builder().url("请求地址,http/https都可以")
            // 有参数的话添加参数,可多个
            .addParam("参数名", "参数值")
            .addParam("参数名", "参数值")
            // 也可以添加多个
            .addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
            // 如果是true的话,会类似于postman中post提交方式的raw,用json的方式提交,不是表单
            // 如果是false的话传统的表单提交
            .post(true)
            .sync();

    // 选择异步有两个方法,一个是带回调接口,一个是直接返回结果
    OkHttpUtils.builder().url("")
            .post(false)
            .async();

    OkHttpUtils.builder().url("").post(false).async(new OkHttpUtils.ICallBack() 
        @Override
        public void onSuccessful(Call call, String data) 
            // 请求成功后的处理
        

        @Override
        public void onFailure(Call call, String errorMsg) 
            // 请求失败后的处理
        
    );

结语

封装的明明白白,使用的简简单单,简单的几下就能做请求,用建造者模式是真的舒服。

原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37701381/article/details/103386345

版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「如漩涡」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。

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