由于依赖问题，离子启动失败

Posted 2023-03-07

【中文标题】由于依赖问题，离子启动失败

【英文标题】：Ionic start fails because of dependency issue

【发布时间】：2021-08-09 23:57:03

【问题描述】：

我刚刚安装了 Ionic

npm install -g @ionic/cli

当我尝试运行时

ionic start ionic-test-app

初始化失败并出现 npm 依赖错误。 关于名为 postcss 的包的错误版本。

$ ionic start ionic-test-app

Pick a framework! ????

Please select the javascript framework to use for your new app. To bypass this prompt next time,
supply a value for the --type option.

? Framework: Angular

Let's pick the perfect starter template! ????

Starter templates are ready-to-go Ionic apps that come packed with everything you need to build your
app. To bypass this prompt next time, supply template, the second argument to ionic start.

? Starter template: blank
? ./ionic-test-app exists. Overwrite? Yes
✔ Preparing directory ./ionic-test-app in 6.79ms
✔ Downloading and extracting blank starter in 188.52ms
? Integrate your new app with Capacitor to target native ios and android? Yes
> ionic integrations enable capacitor --quiet -- ionic-test-app io.ionic.starter
> npm i --save -E @capacitor/core@latest
npm ERR! code ERESOLVE
npm ERR! ERESOLVE unable to resolve dependency tree
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Found: postcss@8.2.14
npm ERR! node_modules/postcss
npm ERR!   postcss@"8.2.14" from @angular-devkit/build-angular@0.1102.13
npm ERR!   node_modules/@angular-devkit/build-angular
npm ERR!     dev @angular-devkit/build-angular@"~0.1102.4" from the root project
npm ERR!     peer @angular-devkit/build-angular@"^0.1102.4" from @ionic/angular-toolkit@3.1.1
npm ERR!     node_modules/@ionic/angular-toolkit
npm ERR!       dev @ionic/angular-toolkit@"^3.1.1" from the root project
npm ERR!   peer postcss@"^8.1.0" from autoprefixer@10.2.4
npm ERR!   node_modules/autoprefixer
npm ERR!     autoprefixer@"10.2.4" from @angular-devkit/build-angular@0.1102.13
npm ERR!     node_modules/@angular-devkit/build-angular
npm ERR!       dev @angular-devkit/build-angular@"~0.1102.4" from the root project
npm ERR!       1 more (@ionic/angular-toolkit)
npm ERR!   9 more (css-loader, cssnano, postcss-import, postcss-loader, ...)
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Could not resolve dependency:
npm ERR! peer postcss@"^8.2.15" from cssnano-preset-default@5.1.0
npm ERR! node_modules/cssnano/node_modules/cssnano-preset-default
npm ERR!   cssnano-preset-default@"^5.0.1" from cssnano@5.0.2
npm ERR!   node_modules/cssnano
npm ERR!     cssnano@"5.0.2" from @angular-devkit/build-angular@0.1102.13
npm ERR!     node_modules/@angular-devkit/build-angular
npm ERR!       dev @angular-devkit/build-angular@"~0.1102.4" from the root project
npm ERR!       1 more (@ionic/angular-toolkit)
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Fix the upstream dependency conflict, or retry
npm ERR! this command with --force, or --legacy-peer-deps
npm ERR! to accept an incorrect (and potentially broken) dependency resolution.
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! See /home/sekthor/.npm/eresolve-report.txt for a full report.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     /home/sekthor/.npm/_logs/2021-05-20T17_05_21_790Z-debug.log
[ERROR] An error occurred while running subprocess npm.
        
        npm i --save -E @capacitor/core@latest exited with exit code 1.
        
        Re-running this command with the --verbose flag may provide more information.

Installing dependencies may take several minutes.

  ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

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                    Real-time troubleshooting and guidance ????
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  ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────


> npm i
npm ERR! code ERESOLVE
npm ERR! ERESOLVE unable to resolve dependency tree
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Found: postcss@8.2.14
npm ERR! node_modules/postcss
npm ERR!   postcss@"8.2.14" from @angular-devkit/build-angular@0.1102.13
npm ERR!   node_modules/@angular-devkit/build-angular
npm ERR!     dev @angular-devkit/build-angular@"~0.1102.4" from the root project
npm ERR!     peer @angular-devkit/build-angular@"^0.1102.4" from @ionic/angular-toolkit@3.1.1
npm ERR!     node_modules/@ionic/angular-toolkit
npm ERR!       dev @ionic/angular-toolkit@"^3.1.1" from the root project
npm ERR!   peer postcss@"^8.1.0" from autoprefixer@10.2.4
npm ERR!   node_modules/autoprefixer
npm ERR!     autoprefixer@"10.2.4" from @angular-devkit/build-angular@0.1102.13
npm ERR!     node_modules/@angular-devkit/build-angular
npm ERR!       dev @angular-devkit/build-angular@"~0.1102.4" from the root project
npm ERR!       1 more (@ionic/angular-toolkit)
npm ERR!   9 more (css-loader, cssnano, postcss-import, postcss-loader, ...)
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Could not resolve dependency:
npm ERR! peer postcss@"^8.2.15" from cssnano-preset-default@5.1.0
npm ERR! node_modules/cssnano/node_modules/cssnano-preset-default
npm ERR!   cssnano-preset-default@"^5.0.1" from cssnano@5.0.2
npm ERR!   node_modules/cssnano
npm ERR!     cssnano@"5.0.2" from @angular-devkit/build-angular@0.1102.13
npm ERR!     node_modules/@angular-devkit/build-angular
npm ERR!       dev @angular-devkit/build-angular@"~0.1102.4" from the root project
npm ERR!       1 more (@ionic/angular-toolkit)
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Fix the upstream dependency conflict, or retry
npm ERR! this command with --force, or --legacy-peer-deps
npm ERR! to accept an incorrect (and potentially broken) dependency resolution.
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! See /home/sekthor/.npm/eresolve-report.txt for a full report.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     /home/sekthor/.npm/_logs/2021-05-20T17_05_28_760Z-debug.log
[ERROR] An error occurred while running subprocess npm.
        
        npm i exited with exit code 1.
        
        Re-running this command with the --verbose flag may provide more information.

我对 npm 还很陌生，我似乎无法在此站点或 Internet 上的其他任何地方找到解决方案。

我尝试了--force 和--legacy-peer-deps，但收到了同样的错误。

这个错误的原因是什么，我该如何解决？

我的节点、npm 和离子版本是：

$ node --version
v16.2.0
$ npm --version
7.13.0
$ ionic --version
6.16.1

【问题讨论】：

尝试安装npm i @ionic-native/core

【参考方案1】：

这是我的第一个猜测 - 安装更新版本的 postcss，但不幸的是，这并没有为我解决问题。解决方案是从npm的第7版降级到第6版。

    npm install -g npm@6

【参考方案2】：

由于某种原因，我无法让它在节点版本16.2.0 上运行。 但是，使用节点版本管理器nvm 我安装了第二个节点实例，LTS 版本14.17.0。 通过此次降级，设置过程正常进行。

nvm install 14.17.0

【讨论】：

非常适合我，带有 M1 的 macOS。

我也尝试过这个解决方案，但 14.x.0 版本在 Windows 上对我不起作用。

在 macOS (intel) 上也不适用于我。

【参考方案3】：

我遇到了这个错误并手动安装 postcss npm i postcss 修复了它，因为堆栈跟踪显示依赖项依赖于最新版本的 postcss version 8.2.15，而发现的是 version 8.2.14。

【参考方案4】：

在 node start 使用 npm v7.5.2 时遇到类似问题，并通过升级到 v7.22.0 得到修复。