Linux第十二周（数据库主从复制，主主复制，xtrabackup实现备份，Mycat读写分离，ansible常用模块）
Posted JINX穆空
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1、主从复制及主主复制的实现
#主从复制
#8-2为主节点,8为从节点
#都是用MY_SQL 8.0
[root@centos8-2 ~]# yum -y install mysql-server
[root@centos8 ~]# yum -y install mysql-server
[root@centos8-2 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
[root@centos8 ~]#systemctl enable --now mysqld
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
#主节点的配置
[root@centos8-2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=151
#更改二进制日志位置，部分数据库默认没有打开log-bin,使用‘log-bin’后续不加地址则只表示打开
log-bin=/data/sql_logs/mysql-bin
#二进制日志文件夹赋权
[root@centos8-2 ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/sql_logs
#重启数据库让配置生效
[root@centos8-2 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
#输入数据库
[root@centos8-2 ~]# mysql
#查看从二进制日志的文件和位置开始进行复制
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 156 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
创建有复制权限的用户账号
mysql> create user repluser@10.0.0.% identified by 123456;
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to repluser@10.0.0.%;
#从节点的配置
[mysqld]
server_id=150 #为当前节点设置一个全局惟的ID号
read_only=ON #设置数据库只读，针对supper user无效
[mysqld]
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=10.0.0.151,
-> MASTER_USER=repluser,
-> MASTER_PASSWORD=123456,
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE=mysql-bin.000003,
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=156;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 8 warnings (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\\G
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.151
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 681
Relay_Log_File: centos8-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 849
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 681
Relay_Log_Space: 1060
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
..........
#检验
#主节点创建库
mysql> create database testdb;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| testdb |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
从节点查看是否同步
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| testdb |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#主主复制：两个节点，都可以更新数据，并且互为主从
#容易产生的问题：数据不一致，同时写入相同数据会导致同步失败,因此慎用.
#主主复制
#master1配置
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc//my.cnf
...
[mysqld]
server-id=128
auto_increment_offset=1
auto_increment_increment=2
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
mysql> show master logs;
+---------------+-----------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size | Encrypted |
+------------第十二周