第十二周

Posted 2021-12-03 冯永庆的博客

1、主从复制及主主复制的实现

主节点
my.cnf
symbolic-links=0
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid
log-bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin
server-id=128
[client]
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO ‘repluser’@’192.168.253.%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘Huawei12#$’;
mysql> show master logs;
+------------------+-----------+
| Log_name         | File_size |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |       177 |
| mysql-bin.000002 |     10491 |
| mysql-bin.000003 |       177 |
| mysql-bin.000004 |       448 |
+------------------+-----------+

备节点
修改uuid 主备不一致
vi /data/mysql/auto.cnf 
[auto]
server-uuid=922b5420-4a7c-11ec-825d-000c2945d239

my.cnf
symbolic-links=0
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid
log-bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin
server-id=129
read_only=on
relay_log=relay-log
relay_log_index=relay-log.index

 systemctl restart mysqld

mysql> help change master to;
Name: CHANGE MASTER TO

CHANGE MASTER TO
  MASTER_HOST=source2.example.com,
  MASTER_USER=replication,
  MASTER_PASSWORD=password,
  MASTER_PORT=3306,
  MASTER_LOG_FILE=source2-bin.001,
  MASTER_LOG_POS=4,
  MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10;

主主复制：
server-id=128使用同一个

#### 2、xtrabackup实现全量+增量+binlog恢复库

wget https://downloads.percona.com/downloads/Percona-XtraBackup-2.4/Percona-XtraBackup-2.4.23/binary/redhat/7/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

yum -y install percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

1）预准备：确保数据一致，提交完成的事务，回滚未完成的事务
[root@centos7 ~]#xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/back
2）复制到数据库目录
注意：数据库目录必须为空，MySQL服务不能启动
[root@centos7 ~]#xtrabackup --copy-back --target-dir=/back
3）还原属性
[root@centos7 ~]#chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
4）启动服务
[root@centos7 ~]#systemctl start mysqld

增量+binlog还原

xtrabackup -uroot -pHuawei12#$ --backup --target-dir=/back/inc1 --incremental-basedir=/back
xtrabackup -uroot -pHuawei12#$ --backup --target-dir=/back/inc2 --incremental-basedir=/back

[root@centos7 ~]#xtrabackup --prepare --apply-log-only --target-dir=/back
2）合并第1次增量备份到完全备份
[root@centos7 ~]#xtrabackup --prepare --apply-log-only --target-dir=/back --incremental-dir=/back/inc1
3）合并第2次增量备份到完全备份：最后一次还原不需要加选项--apply-log-only
[root@centos7 ~]#xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/back --incrementaldir=/back/inc2
4）复制到数据库目录，注意数据库目录必须为空，MySQL服务不能启动
[root@centos7 ~]#xtrabackup --copy-back --target-dir=/back
5）还原属性：

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql

6）启动服务：
[root@centos7 ~]#systemctl start mysqld

#### 3、MyCAT实现MySQL读写分离

./bin/mycat start

[root@128 ~]# cat /root/mycat/conf/schema.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">;

    <schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" randomDataNode="dn1">

    </schema>

    <dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="localhost1" database="db1" />
  <dataHost name="localhost1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1"

writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1" slaveThreshold="100">
<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
<!-- can have multi write hosts -->

<writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.253.128:3306" user="root"
password="Huawei12#$">
<!-- can have multi read hosts -->
<readHost host="hostS2" url="192.168.253.129:3306" user="root" password="Huawei12#$" />

#### 4、ansible常用模块介绍

ping模块
检查指定节点机器是否还能连通，用法很简单，不涉及参数，主机如果在线，则回复pong
ansible 192.168.168.1 -m ping

command 模块
在远程的主机上执行特定的命令
ansible 192.168.168.1 -m command -a rm -rf /data

copy 模块
功能：实现主控端向目标主机copy文件。
ansible 192.168.168.1 -m copy -a src=/etc/hosts dest=/root/

shell 模块
shell模块和command模块类似，支持变量，管道等复杂的命令
ansible 192.168.168.1 -m shell -a echo 123456 | passwd root --stdin