#yyds干货盘点#HCIE-Security Day14:防火墙双机热备实验防火墙直路部署,上下行连接路由器

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 #yyds干货盘点#HCIE-Security#yyds干货盘点#HCIE-Security

#yyds干货盘点#HCIE-Security#yyds干货盘点#HCIE-Security

#yyds干货盘点#HCIE-Security#yyds干货盘点#HCIE-Security

vgmp与vrrp的配合只适用于防火墙连接二层设备的组网,如果上下行设备是路由器,就不能使用vrrp备份组,这时vgmp组直接监控接口状态来进行故障监控。具体是直接将接口加入vgmp组,当vgmp组中的接口故障时,vgmp组会直接感知到接口状态变化,从而降低自身优先级。

实验二:防火墙直路部署,上下行连接路由器

需求和拓扑

两台FW的业务接口都工作在三层,上下行分别连接路由器。FW与上下行路由器之间运行OSPF协议。现在希望两台FW以主备备份方式工作。正常情况下,流量通过FW_A转发。当FW_A出现故障时,流量通过FW_B转发,保证业务不中断。

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操作步骤

1、配置接口ip和安全区域

2、配置ospf路由

r1/r2/r3/r4/f1/f2开启ospf进程1,将相连网段加入区域0

3、配置双机热备功能

3.1 配置vgmp组监控上下行业务接口


//f1/f2

hrp track interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
hrp track interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

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3.2 配置根据vgmp状态调整ospf cost值功能,配置这个命令后,fw发布ospf路由时,会判断自身是主用设备还是备用设备,如果是主用设备,fw会把学习到的路由直接发布出去,如果是备用设备,fw会增加cost值后再将路由发布出去,这样上下行路由器在计算路由时,就能将下一跳指向主用设备,并把报文转发到主用设备上。 


//f1/f2


hrp adjust ospf-cost enable

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3.3 指定心跳口并启用双机热备功能


f1/f2
hrp interface g1/0/6 remote 10.10.0.1/2
hrp enable

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4、配置安全策略

4.1 允许fw与上下行路由器交互ospf报文


//f1配置,f2自动同步
security-policy
rule name 1
source-zone local
destination-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
service ospf
action permit
rule name 2
source-zone untrust
destination-zone local
service ospf
action permit

#yyds干货盘点#HCIE-Security

4.2 允许内网用户访问外网


rule name 3
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.3.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 10.3.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit

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验证和分析

1、检查fw1和fw2的ospf邻居建立关系


//f1
dis ospf peer brief
2022-02-16 00:14:41.880

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 11.11.11.11
Peer Statistic Information
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet1/0/0 3.3.3.3 Full
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 1.1.1.1 Full
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Peer(s): 2
//f2
dis ospf peer brief
2022-02-16 00:18:02.950

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 22.22.22.22
Peer Statistic Information
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet1/0/0 4.4.4.4 Full
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 2.2.2.2 Full
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Peer(s): 2

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2、检查上下行路由器路由开销


[r3]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
Destinations : 8 Routes : 8

OSPF routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 8 Routes : 8

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

5.5.5.5/32 OSPF 10 3 D 10.3.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.2.0.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.3.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.2.1.0/24 OSPF 10 4 D 10.3.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.3.1.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 34.1.1.4 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.3.3.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 34.1.1.4 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
12.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 10.3.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
15.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 10.3.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
25.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 4 D 10.3.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1


<r4>dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
Destinations : 8 Routes : 8

OSPF routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 8 Routes : 8

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

5.5.5.5/32 OSPF 10 4 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.2.0.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.2.1.0/24 OSPF 10 5 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.3.0.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.3.2.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
12.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 4 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
15.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 4 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
25.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 5 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0

#yyds干货盘点#HCIE-Security

可见经过r3访问r5开销小于r4,r4的开销比r3大1,这个1是因为从r4访问r5经过r3,为什么不经过fw2呢?因为经过fw2的开销太大了 。


dis ip routing-table protocol ospf | include 5.5.5.5
2022-02-16 00:38:09.180
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
Destinations : 9 Routes : 9

OSPF routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 9 Routes : 9

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

5.5.5.5/32 OSPF 10 65501 D 10.2.1.2 GigabitEthernet1/0/1

OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0

#yyds干货盘点#HCIE-Security

如果fw1故障,业务会被上下行路由器的路由信息引导到fw2上,fw2上有同步过fw1的会话表项,所以业务得以正常传输。

3、检查f1/f2的会话表项


HRP_M<f1>dis fire session table 
2022-02-16 00:49:33.150
Current Total Sessions : 4
udp VPN: public --> public 10.10.0.2:16384 --> 10.10.0.1:18514
udp VPN: public --> public 10.10.0.1:49152 --> 10.10.0.2:18514
udp VPN: public --> public 10.10.0.2:49152 --> 10.10.0.1:18514
telnet VPN: public --> public 10.3.0.2:49804 --> 5.5.5.5:23

HRP_S<f2>dis fire sess table
2022-02-16 00:50:01.270
Current Total Sessions : 4
udp VPN: public --> public 10.10.0.1:49152 --> 10.10.0.2:18514
udp VPN: public --> public 10.10.0.2:49152 --> 10.10.0.1:18514
udp VPN: public --> public 10.10.0.1:16384 --> 10.10.0.2:18514
telnet VPN: public --> public Remote 10.3.0.2:49804 --> 5.5.5.5:23
HRP_S<f2>

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可见表项是同步的。


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