如何在 Spring Data Rest 中的两个实体之间发布和 PUT 关系@OneToMany / @ManyToOne?
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【中文标题】如何在 Spring Data Rest 中的两个实体之间发布和 PUT 关系@OneToMany / @ManyToOne?【英文标题】:How to POST and PUT relations @OneToMany / @ManyToOne between two entities in Spring Data Rest? 【发布时间】:2016-09-26 00:56:22 【问题描述】:我有一个用于 Spring Data Rest 实现的简单 Spring Boot 应用程序。
这是主类:
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application
public static void main(String[] args)
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
我有两个简单的实体:书和作者。 彼此的关系是 1 Author -> N Books
这是 Author.class:
@Entity
@Table
public class Author
@Id
@GeneratedValue(generator = "uuid")
@GenericGenerator(name = "uuid", strategy = "uuid2")
@Column(columnDefinition = "BINARY(16)", length = 16)
private UUID id;
@Column
private String name;
@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, targetEntity = Book.class, mappedBy = "author")
private List<Book> books;
// getters and setters
这是 Book.class:
@Entity
@Table
public class Book
@Id
@GeneratedValue(generator = "uuid")
@GenericGenerator(name = "uuid", strategy = "uuid2")
@Column(columnDefinition = "BINARY(16)", length = 16)
private UUID id;
@Column
private String title;
@Column
private String language;
@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, targetEntity = Author.class)
private Author author;
// getters and setters
这是“AuthorRepository”:
@RestResource(path = "authors", rel = "authors")
public interface AuthorRepository extends JpaRepository<Author, UUID>
这是“BookRepository”:
@RestResource(path = "books", rel = "books")
public interface BookRepository extends JpaRepository<Book, UUID>
应用程序运行完美,在 url http://localhost:8080/ 我有这个响应页面:
"_links" :
"authors" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/authors?page,size,sort",
"templated" : true
,
"books" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/books?page,size,sort",
"templated" : true
,
"profile" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/profile"
网址http://localhost:8080/authors返回此页面:
"_embedded" :
"authors" : [ ]
,
"_links" :
"self" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/authors"
,
"profile" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/profile/authors"
,
"page" :
"size" : 20,
"totalElements" : 0,
"totalPages" : 0,
"number" : 0
而 url http://localhost:8080/books 返回此页面:
"_embedded" :
"books" : [ ]
,
"_links" :
"self" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/books"
,
"profile" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/profile/books"
,
"page" :
"size" : 20,
"totalElements" : 0,
"totalPages" : 0,
"number" : 0
我正在尝试从 Book 类开始进行一些 HTTP POST。
HTTP POST
url: http://localhost:8080/books
header: Content-Type:application/json
payload: "title": "Book Title"
Status: 201: Created
Location: http://localhost:8080/books/61311c9b-b33a-463c-9e6e-8e5efc0a7ad1
其实就是urlhttp://localhost:8080/books/61311c9b-b33a-463c-9e6e-8e5efc0a7ad1返回这个页面:
"title" : "Book Title",
"language" : null,
"_links" :
"self" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/books/61311c9b-b33a-463c-9e6e-8e5efc0a7ad1"
,
"book" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/books/61311c9b-b33a-463c-9e6e-8e5efc0a7ad1"
,
"author" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/books/61311c9b-b33a-463c-9e6e-8e5efc0a7ad1/author"
我为作者做了同样的事情。
HTTP POST
url: http://localhost:8080/authors
header: Content-Type:application/json
payload: "name": "Author Name"
Status: 201: Created
Location: http://localhost:8080/authors/634d3bd8-abe6-472b-97cd-04a455bdfb11
这是该网址的响应页面:
"name" : "Author Name",
"_links" :
"self" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/authors/634d3bd8-abe6-472b-97cd-04a455bdfb11"
,
"author" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/authors/634d3bd8-abe6-472b-97cd-04a455bdfb11"
,
"books" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/authors/634d3bd8-abe6-472b-97cd-04a455bdfb11/books"
注意到作者和书之间的关系还不存在,所以我尝试发送一个 PUT 请求。
HTTP PUT
url: http://localhost:8080/authors/634d3bd8-abe6-472b-97cd-04a455bdfb11
header: Content-Type:application/json
payload: "books": ["http://localhost:8080/books/61311c9b-b33a-463c-9e6e-8e5efc0a7ad1"]
Status: 204: No Content
Location: http://localhost:8080/authors/634d3bd8-abe6-472b-97cd-04a455bdfb11
我有一个 HTTP 204(无内容)作为响应代码。 如果我转到 url http://localhost:8080/authors/634d3bd8-abe6-472b-97cd-04a455bdfb11/books 我会期望这本书是结果,但我有这个结果:
"_embedded" :
"books" : [ ]
,
"_links" :
"self" :
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/authors/634d3bd8-abe6-472b-97cd-04a455bdfb11/books"
“books”属性仍为空。为什么?
此外,此 URL 返回一个空页面:http://localhost:8080/books/61311c9b-b33a-463c-9e6e-8e5efc0a7ad1/author
没有像我预期的那样处理关系。
如果我在插入书之前从作者开始执行相同的过程,则关系存在。
如何从 Book 实体开始保存两个实体之间的关系?
谢谢
【问题讨论】:
面临同样的问题,这里描述***.com/questions/39229472/… 【参考方案1】:要使这种情况反向发生,您的 @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, targetEntity = Book.class, mappedBy = "author") 应该在其中包含级联选项,以实际持久化图书实体中的更改。
试试这个:
@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, targetEntity = Book.class, mappedBy = "author", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
【讨论】:
【参考方案2】:您正在使用双向 OneToMany,因此您必须使用“实用程序方法”来在添加或删除子元素时同步两端(请参阅manual)。
但是你几乎可以做同样的事情,只是修改books
setter,像这样:
@Entity
public class Author
//...
@OneToMany(mappedBy = "author")
private List<Book> books;
public void setBooks(List<Book> books)
books.forEach(book -> book.setAuthor(this));
this.books = books;
//...
见我的example。
附:如果您的实体是独立的,请不要使用cascade = CascadeType.ALL
,而是使用cascade = CascadeType.PERSIST, CascadeType.MERGE
(或者根本不使用级联)。
【讨论】:
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