如何将类对象作为参数传递给不同的类方法？

Posted 2023-02-25

【中文标题】如何将类对象作为参数传递给不同的类方法？

【英文标题】：How can I pass a class object as an argument into a different class method?

【发布时间】：2022-01-10 16:24:14

【问题描述】：

我有两门课：

以列表形式保存学生的教室。 和学生

每次我更新学生的分数时，我都想为他/她所在的教室调用 calculate_average。由于明显的原因，下面的代码不起作用，因为我不知道如何为学生所在的教室提供一个函数参数。

class Clas-s-room:
    students = None

    def __init__(self):
        self.students = []

    def addStudent(self, student):
        self.students.append(student)

    def calculate_average(self):
        # sums student scores and divides them with student number

class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, score):
        self.name = name
        self.score = score

    def getInfo(self):
        return self.name, self.score

    def setScore(self, score):
        self.score = score
        Clas-s-room.calculate_average()

我怎样才能做到这一点？

【参考方案1】：

假设几个学生共享同一个 ClassRoom，您可能想要创建一个命名的 Clas-s-room 实例，然后在实例化它时将其传递给 Student 类。比如：

class Clas-s-room():
    def __init__(self):
        self.students = []

    def addStudent(self, student):
        self.students.append(student)

    def calculate_average(self):
        return sum(x.score for x in self.students if hasattr(x, 'score')) / len(self.students)

class Student():
    def __init__(self, clas-s-room):
        self.clas-s-room = clas-s-room
        self.clas-s-room.addStudent(self)

    def setScore(self, score):
        self.score = score

clas-s-room1 = Clas-s-room()
student1 = Student(clas-s-room1)
student2 = Student(clas-s-room1)

student1.setScore(100)
student2.setScore(50)
print(clas-s-room1.calculate_average())
# 75

【参考方案2】：

class Clas-s-room:
    def __init__(self):
        self.students = []

    @property
    def average(self):
        return sum(student.score for student in self.students)/len(self.students)

class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, score):
        self.name = name
        self.score = score

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"Student(name=self.name, score=self.score)"


student_1 = Student("John Doe", 10)
student_2 = Student("Jane Doe", 20)

clasroom_1 = Clasroom()

clasroom_1.students.append(student_1)
clasroom_1.students.append(student_2)

clasroom_1.average # 15

student_1.score = 30

clasroom_1.average # 25

使用 python 提供给你的东西。 property, property(f).setter, __repr__.

请务必遵循 pep8 并使用 snake_case 而不是 camelCase