Objective C 中的 RSA 实现

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【中文标题】Objective C 中的 RSA 实现【英文标题】：RSA implementations in Objective C 【发布时间】：2012-04-30 15:21:20 【问题描述】：

我正在开发一个使用 RSA Algorithm 的 Objective-C 简单应用程序。我想在服务器/客户端通信上使用它。我在 ios/iPhone 中的 RSA 算法实现方面需要帮助。

我了解加密和解密。 我想要一个开源库或代码添加到我的项目中。 我必须去CommonCryptor.h。

【问题讨论】：

Iphone - How to encrypt NSData with public key and decrypt with private key?的可能重复 【参考方案1】：

我已经尝试过 NSString 的 RSA 加密和解密。代码如下：

将 Security.Framework 添加到您的项目包中。

ViewController.h代码如下：

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import <Security/Security.h>

@interface ViewController : UIViewController

SecKeyRef publicKey;
SecKeyRef privateKey;
    NSData *publicTag;
    NSData *privateTag;

- (void)encryptWithPublicKey:(uint8_t *)plainBuffer cipherBuffer:(uint8_t *)cipherBuffer;
- (void)decryptWithPrivateKey:(uint8_t *)cipherBuffer plainBuffer:(uint8_t *)plainBuffer;
- (SecKeyRef)getPublicKeyRef;
- (SecKeyRef)getPrivateKeyRef;
- (void)testAsymmetricEncryptionAndDecryption;
- (void)generateKeyPair:(NSUInteger)keySize;
@end

ViewController.m文件代码如下：

#import "ViewController.h"

const size_t BUFFER_SIZE = 64;
const size_t CIPHER_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
const uint32_t PADDING = kSecPaddingNone;
static const UInt8 publicKeyIdentifier[] = "com.apple.sample.publickey";
static const UInt8 privateKeyIdentifier[] = "com.apple.sample.privatekey";

@implementation ViewController

-(SecKeyRef)getPublicKeyRef  

    OSStatus sanityCheck = noErr; 
    SecKeyRef publicKeyReference = NULL;

    if (publicKeyReference == NULL)  
        [self generateKeyPair:512];
                NSMutableDictionary *queryPublicKey = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];

        // Set the public key query dictionary.
        [queryPublicKey setObject:(__bridge id)kSecClassKey forKey:(__bridge id)kSecClass];
        [queryPublicKey setObject:publicTag forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrApplicationTag];
        [queryPublicKey setObject:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyTypeRSA forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyType];
        [queryPublicKey setObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:(__bridge id)kSecReturnRef];


        // Get the key.
        sanityCheck = SecItemCopyMatching((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)queryPublicKey, (CFTypeRef *)&publicKeyReference);


        if (sanityCheck != noErr)
        
            publicKeyReference = NULL;
        


//        [queryPublicKey release];

     else  publicKeyReference = publicKey; 

    return publicKeyReference; 

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning

    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Release any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use.





- (void)testAsymmetricEncryptionAndDecryption 

    uint8_t *plainBuffer;
    uint8_t *cipherBuffer;
    uint8_t *decryptedBuffer;



    const char inputString[] = "This is a test demo for RSA Implementation in Objective C";
    int len = strlen(inputString);
    // TODO: this is a hack since i know inputString length will be less than BUFFER_SIZE
    if (len > BUFFER_SIZE) len = BUFFER_SIZE-1;

    plainBuffer = (uint8_t *)calloc(BUFFER_SIZE, sizeof(uint8_t));
    cipherBuffer = (uint8_t *)calloc(CIPHER_BUFFER_SIZE, sizeof(uint8_t));
    decryptedBuffer = (uint8_t *)calloc(BUFFER_SIZE, sizeof(uint8_t));

    strncpy( (char *)plainBuffer, inputString, len);

    NSLog(@"init() plainBuffer: %s", plainBuffer);
    //NSLog(@"init(): sizeof(plainBuffer): %d", sizeof(plainBuffer));
    [self encryptWithPublicKey:(UInt8 *)plainBuffer cipherBuffer:cipherBuffer];
    NSLog(@"encrypted data: %s", cipherBuffer);
    //NSLog(@"init(): sizeof(cipherBuffer): %d", sizeof(cipherBuffer));
    [self decryptWithPrivateKey:cipherBuffer plainBuffer:decryptedBuffer];
    NSLog(@"decrypted data: %s", decryptedBuffer);
    //NSLog(@"init(): sizeof(decryptedBuffer): %d", sizeof(decryptedBuffer));
    NSLog(@"====== /second test =======================================");

    free(plainBuffer);
    free(cipherBuffer);
    free(decryptedBuffer);


/* Borrowed from:
 * https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/security/conceptual/CertKeyTrustProgGuide/iPhone_Tasks/iPhone_Tasks.html
 */
- (void)encryptWithPublicKey:(uint8_t *)plainBuffer cipherBuffer:(uint8_t *)cipherBuffer


    NSLog(@"== encryptWithPublicKey()");

    OSStatus status = noErr;

    NSLog(@"** original plain text 0: %s", plainBuffer);

    size_t plainBufferSize = strlen((char *)plainBuffer);
    size_t cipherBufferSize = CIPHER_BUFFER_SIZE;

    NSLog(@"SecKeyGetBlockSize() public = %lu", SecKeyGetBlockSize([self getPublicKeyRef]));
    //  Error handling
    // Encrypt using the public.
    status = SecKeyEncrypt([self getPublicKeyRef],
                           PADDING,
                           plainBuffer,
                           plainBufferSize,
                           &cipherBuffer[0],
                           &cipherBufferSize
                           );
    NSLog(@"encryption result code: %ld (size: %lu)", status, cipherBufferSize);
    NSLog(@"encrypted text: %s", cipherBuffer);


- (void)decryptWithPrivateKey:(uint8_t *)cipherBuffer plainBuffer:(uint8_t *)plainBuffer

    OSStatus status = noErr;

    size_t cipherBufferSize = strlen((char *)cipherBuffer);

    NSLog(@"decryptWithPrivateKey: length of buffer: %lu", BUFFER_SIZE);
    NSLog(@"decryptWithPrivateKey: length of input: %lu", cipherBufferSize);

    // DECRYPTION
    size_t plainBufferSize = BUFFER_SIZE;

    //  Error handling
    status = SecKeyDecrypt([self getPrivateKeyRef],
                           PADDING,
                           &cipherBuffer[0],
                           cipherBufferSize,
                           &plainBuffer[0],
                           &plainBufferSize
                           );
    NSLog(@"decryption result code: %ld (size: %lu)", status, plainBufferSize);
    NSLog(@"FINAL decrypted text: %s", plainBuffer);





- (SecKeyRef)getPrivateKeyRef 
    OSStatus resultCode = noErr;
    SecKeyRef privateKeyReference = NULL;
//    NSData *privateTag = [NSData dataWithBytes:@"ABCD" length:strlen((const char *)@"ABCD")];
//    if(privateKey == NULL) 
        [self generateKeyPair:512];
        NSMutableDictionary * queryPrivateKey = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];

        // Set the private key query dictionary.
        [queryPrivateKey setObject:(__bridge id)kSecClassKey forKey:(__bridge id)kSecClass];
        [queryPrivateKey setObject:privateTag forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrApplicationTag];
        [queryPrivateKey setObject:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyTypeRSA forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyType];
        [queryPrivateKey setObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:(__bridge id)kSecReturnRef];

        // Get the key.
        resultCode = SecItemCopyMatching((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)queryPrivateKey, (CFTypeRef *)&privateKeyReference);
        NSLog(@"getPrivateKey: result code: %ld", resultCode);

        if(resultCode != noErr)
        
            privateKeyReference = NULL;
        

//        [queryPrivateKey release];
//     else 
//        privateKeyReference = privateKey;
//    

    return privateKeyReference;



#pragma mark - View lifecycle



- (void)viewDidLoad

    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.


- (void)viewDidUnload

    [super viewDidUnload];
    // Release any retained subviews of the main view.
    // e.g. self.myOutlet = nil;


- (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated

    [super viewWillAppear:animated];
    privateTag = [[NSData alloc] initWithBytes:privateKeyIdentifier length:sizeof(privateKeyIdentifier)];
    publicTag = [[NSData alloc] initWithBytes:publicKeyIdentifier length:sizeof(publicKeyIdentifier)];
    [self testAsymmetricEncryptionAndDecryption];



- (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated

    [super viewDidAppear:animated];


- (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated

    [super viewWillDisappear:animated];


- (void)viewDidDisappear:(BOOL)animated

    [super viewDidDisappear:animated];


- (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation

    // Return YES for supported orientations
    if ([[UIDevice currentDevice] userInterfaceIdiom] == UIUserInterfaceIdiomPhone) 
        return (interfaceOrientation != UIInterfaceOrientationPortraitUpsideDown);
     else 
        return YES;
    


- (void)generateKeyPair:(NSUInteger)keySize 
    OSStatus sanityCheck = noErr;
    publicKey = NULL;
    privateKey = NULL;

//  LOGGING_FACILITY1( keySize == 512 || keySize == 1024 || keySize == 2048, @"%d is an invalid and unsupported key size.", keySize );

    // First delete current keys.
//  [self deleteAsymmetricKeys];

    // Container dictionaries.
    NSMutableDictionary * privateKeyAttr = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
    NSMutableDictionary * publicKeyAttr = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
    NSMutableDictionary * keyPairAttr = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];

    // Set top level dictionary for the keypair.
    [keyPairAttr setObject:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyTypeRSA forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyType];
    [keyPairAttr setObject:[NSNumber numberWithUnsignedInteger:keySize] forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeySizeInBits];

    // Set the private key dictionary.
    [privateKeyAttr setObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrIsPermanent];
    [privateKeyAttr setObject:privateTag forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrApplicationTag];
    // See SecKey.h to set other flag values.

    // Set the public key dictionary.
    [publicKeyAttr setObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrIsPermanent];
    [publicKeyAttr setObject:publicTag forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrApplicationTag];
    // See SecKey.h to set other flag values.

    // Set attributes to top level dictionary.
    [keyPairAttr setObject:privateKeyAttr forKey:(__bridge id)kSecPrivateKeyAttrs];
    [keyPairAttr setObject:publicKeyAttr forKey:(__bridge id)kSecPublicKeyAttrs];

    // SecKeyGeneratePair returns the SecKeyRefs just for educational purposes.
    sanityCheck = SecKeyGeneratePair((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)keyPairAttr, &publicKey, &privateKey);
//  LOGGING_FACILITY( sanityCheck == noErr && publicKey != NULL && privateKey != NULL, @"Something really bad went wrong with generating the key pair." );
    if(sanityCheck == noErr  && publicKey != NULL && privateKey != NULL)
    
        NSLog(@"Successful");
    
//  [privateKeyAttr release];
//  [publicKeyAttr release];
//  [keyPairAttr release];



@end

这是我最初发布答案的地方：Iphone - How to encrypt NSData with public key and decrypt with private key?

如果您需要更多帮助，请告诉我。

希望这会有所帮助。

【讨论】：

亲爱的 Parth Bhatt，感谢您的帮助，但我没有看到要以文本形式解密的加密数据。 @ParthBhatt 你找到导出私钥的方法了吗？我正在尝试在 iphone 上加密文本并在服务器端解密。但我无法导出私钥的模数和指数（或任何格式）。 @ParthBhatt 我遇到了和 AmirIphone 一样的错误……你有什么解决方案吗……谢谢 - 我的加密文本是 - 4ÑÂÊá;è»–vJNàØmY-ú:º‰aé- ™¬›qS•¿]~ΣOÍ™vIá%sjÂ...◊5¬s'6ÒW 像这样.. 但我需要 Base64 文本 如何加密超过 64 个字符的字符串。我有一个 800 个字符的字符串。 我有一个带密码的公钥（.pem）；它如何与上面的代码一起使用？【参考方案2】：

这很酷！ 但是我认为它不应该是 UIViewController 的子类，而是 NSObject，我更改了它并且它对我有用，这里是：

注意：所有工作都感谢@Parth Bath

RSAManager.h

@interface RSAManager : NSObject

   SecKeyRef publicKey;
   SecKeyRef privateKey;
   NSData *publicTag;
   NSData *privateTag;


- (void)encryptWithPublicKey:(uint8_t *)plainBuffer cipherBuffer:(uint8_t *)cipherBuffer;
- (void)decryptWithPrivateKey:(uint8_t *)cipherBuffer plainBuffer:(uint8_t *)plainBuffer;
- (SecKeyRef)getPublicKeyRef;
- (SecKeyRef)getPrivateKeyRef;
- (void)testAsymmetricEncryptionAndDecryption;
- (void)generateKeyPair:(NSUInteger)keySize;

@end

RSAManager.m

#import "RSAManager.h"

const size_t BUFFER_SIZE = 64;
const size_t CIPHER_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
const uint32_t PADDING = kSecPaddingNone;
static const UInt8 publicKeyIdentifier[] = "com.apple.sample.publickey";
static const UInt8 privateKeyIdentifier[] = "com.apple.sample.privatekey";

@implementation RSAManager

- (id)init

   self = [super init];

   if(self) 

      privateTag = [[NSData alloc] initWithBytes:privateKeyIdentifier length:sizeof(privateKeyIdentifier)];
      publicTag = [[NSData alloc] initWithBytes:publicKeyIdentifier length:sizeof(publicKeyIdentifier)];
      [self testAsymmetricEncryptionAndDecryption];
   

   return self;


-(SecKeyRef)getPublicKeyRef 

   OSStatus sanityCheck = noErr;
   SecKeyRef publicKeyReference = NULL;

   if (publicKeyReference == NULL) 
      [self generateKeyPair:512];
      NSMutableDictionary *queryPublicKey = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];

      // Set the public key query dictionary.
      [queryPublicKey setObject:(__bridge id)kSecClassKey forKey:(__bridge id)kSecClass];
      [queryPublicKey setObject:publicTag forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrApplicationTag];
      [queryPublicKey setObject:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyTypeRSA forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyType];
      [queryPublicKey setObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:(__bridge id)kSecReturnRef];

      // Get the key.
      sanityCheck = SecItemCopyMatching((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)queryPublicKey, (CFTypeRef *)&publicKeyReference);


      if (sanityCheck != noErr)
      
         publicKeyReference = NULL;
      

      //        [queryPublicKey release];

    else  publicKeyReference = publicKey; 

   return publicKeyReference;


- (void)testAsymmetricEncryptionAndDecryption 

   uint8_t *plainBuffer;
   uint8_t *cipherBuffer;
   uint8_t *decryptedBuffer;



   const char inputString[] = "This is a test demo for RSA Implementation in Objective C";
   int len = strlen(inputString);
   // TODO: this is a hack since i know inputString length will be less than BUFFER_SIZE
   if (len > BUFFER_SIZE) len = BUFFER_SIZE-1;

   plainBuffer = (uint8_t *)calloc(BUFFER_SIZE, sizeof(uint8_t));
   cipherBuffer = (uint8_t *)calloc(CIPHER_BUFFER_SIZE, sizeof(uint8_t));
   decryptedBuffer = (uint8_t *)calloc(BUFFER_SIZE, sizeof(uint8_t));

   strncpy( (char *)plainBuffer, inputString, len);

   NSLog(@"init() plainBuffer: %s", plainBuffer);
   //NSLog(@"init(): sizeof(plainBuffer): %d", sizeof(plainBuffer));
   [self encryptWithPublicKey:(UInt8 *)plainBuffer cipherBuffer:cipherBuffer];
   NSLog(@"encrypted data: %s", cipherBuffer);
   //NSLog(@"init(): sizeof(cipherBuffer): %d", sizeof(cipherBuffer));
   [self decryptWithPrivateKey:cipherBuffer plainBuffer:decryptedBuffer];
   NSLog(@"decrypted data: %s", decryptedBuffer);
   //NSLog(@"init(): sizeof(decryptedBuffer): %d", sizeof(decryptedBuffer));
   NSLog(@"====== /second test =======================================");

   free(plainBuffer);
   free(cipherBuffer);
   free(decryptedBuffer);


/* Borrowed from:
 * https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/security/conceptual/CertKeyTrustProgGuide/iPhone_Tasks/iPhone_Tasks.html
 */
- (void)encryptWithPublicKey:(uint8_t *)plainBuffer cipherBuffer:(uint8_t *)cipherBuffer


   NSLog(@"== encryptWithPublicKey()");

   OSStatus status = noErr;

   NSLog(@"** original plain text 0: %s", plainBuffer);

   size_t plainBufferSize = strlen((char *)plainBuffer);
   size_t cipherBufferSize = CIPHER_BUFFER_SIZE;

   NSLog(@"SecKeyGetBlockSize() public = %lu", SecKeyGetBlockSize([self getPublicKeyRef]));
   //  Error handling
   // Encrypt using the public.
   status = SecKeyEncrypt([self getPublicKeyRef],
                          PADDING,
                          plainBuffer,
                          plainBufferSize,
                          &cipherBuffer[0],
                          &cipherBufferSize
                          );
   NSLog(@"encryption result code: %ld (size: %lu)", status, cipherBufferSize);
   NSLog(@"encrypted text: %s", cipherBuffer);


- (void)decryptWithPrivateKey:(uint8_t *)cipherBuffer plainBuffer:(uint8_t *)plainBuffer

   OSStatus status = noErr;

   size_t cipherBufferSize = strlen((char *)cipherBuffer);

   NSLog(@"decryptWithPrivateKey: length of buffer: %lu", BUFFER_SIZE);
   NSLog(@"decryptWithPrivateKey: length of input: %lu", cipherBufferSize);

   // DECRYPTION
   size_t plainBufferSize = BUFFER_SIZE;

   //  Error handling
   status = SecKeyDecrypt([self getPrivateKeyRef],
                          PADDING,
                          &cipherBuffer[0],
                          cipherBufferSize,
                          &plainBuffer[0],
                          &plainBufferSize
                          );
   NSLog(@"decryption result code: %ld (size: %lu)", status, plainBufferSize);
   NSLog(@"FINAL decrypted text: %s", plainBuffer);





- (SecKeyRef)getPrivateKeyRef 
   OSStatus resultCode = noErr;
   SecKeyRef privateKeyReference = NULL;
   //    NSData *privateTag = [NSData dataWithBytes:@"ABCD" length:strlen((const char *)@"ABCD")];
   //    if(privateKey == NULL) 
   [self generateKeyPair:512];
   NSMutableDictionary * queryPrivateKey = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];

   // Set the private key query dictionary.
   [queryPrivateKey setObject:(__bridge id)kSecClassKey forKey:(__bridge id)kSecClass];
   [queryPrivateKey setObject:privateTag forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrApplicationTag];
   [queryPrivateKey setObject:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyTypeRSA forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyType];
   [queryPrivateKey setObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:(__bridge id)kSecReturnRef];

   // Get the key.
   resultCode = SecItemCopyMatching((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)queryPrivateKey, (CFTypeRef *)&privateKeyReference);
   NSLog(@"getPrivateKey: result code: %ld", resultCode);

   if(resultCode != noErr)
   
      privateKeyReference = NULL;
   

   //        [queryPrivateKey release];
   //     else 
   //        privateKeyReference = privateKey;
   //    

   return privateKeyReference;


- (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation

   // Return YES for supported orientations
   if ([[UIDevice currentDevice] userInterfaceIdiom] == UIUserInterfaceIdiomPhone) 
      return (interfaceOrientation != UIInterfaceOrientationPortraitUpsideDown);
    else 
      return YES;
   


- (void)generateKeyPair:(NSUInteger)keySize 
   OSStatus sanityCheck = noErr;
   publicKey = NULL;
   privateKey = NULL;

   //  LOGGING_FACILITY1( keySize == 512 || keySize == 1024 || keySize == 2048, @"%d is an invalid and unsupported key size.", keySize );

   // First delete current keys.
   //  [self deleteAsymmetricKeys];

   // Container dictionaries.
   NSMutableDictionary * privateKeyAttr = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
   NSMutableDictionary * publicKeyAttr = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
   NSMutableDictionary * keyPairAttr = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];

   // Set top level dictionary for the keypair.
   [keyPairAttr setObject:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyTypeRSA forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeyType];
   [keyPairAttr setObject:[NSNumber numberWithUnsignedInteger:keySize] forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrKeySizeInBits];

   // Set the private key dictionary.
   [privateKeyAttr setObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrIsPermanent];
   [privateKeyAttr setObject:privateTag forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrApplicationTag];
   // See SecKey.h to set other flag values.

   // Set the public key dictionary.
   [publicKeyAttr setObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES] forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrIsPermanent];
   [publicKeyAttr setObject:publicTag forKey:(__bridge id)kSecAttrApplicationTag];
   // See SecKey.h to set other flag values.

   // Set attributes to top level dictionary.
   [keyPairAttr setObject:privateKeyAttr forKey:(__bridge id)kSecPrivateKeyAttrs];
   [keyPairAttr setObject:publicKeyAttr forKey:(__bridge id)kSecPublicKeyAttrs];

   // SecKeyGeneratePair returns the SecKeyRefs just for educational purposes.
   sanityCheck = SecKeyGeneratePair((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)keyPairAttr, &publicKey, &privateKey);
   //  LOGGING_FACILITY( sanityCheck == noErr && publicKey != NULL && privateKey != NULL, @"Something really bad went wrong with generating the key pair." );
   if(sanityCheck == noErr  && publicKey != NULL && privateKey != NULL)
   
      NSLog(@"Successful");
   
   //  [privateKeyAttr release];
   //  [publicKeyAttr release];
   //  [keyPairAttr release];


@end

【讨论】：

我希望你能帮助我。什么是 BUFFER_SIZE？我需要能够加密/解密 20-100KB 的文本。使用您的方法，我只能加密/解密前 64 个字符。您能否再解释一下，或指出正确的方向，以便我阅读。 您通常使用 AES 等对称算法和随机密钥加密数据，然后使用 RSA 加密 AES 密钥。 我在NSLog(@"SecKeyGetBlockSize() public = %lu", SecKeyGetBlockSize([self getPublicKeyRef])); 中的encryptWithPublicKey:cipherBuffer: 获得了EXC_BAD_ACCESS，因为getPublicKeyRef 返回nil //获取这个数据我想要base64编码形式的密钥

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