如何从 Android 应用程序通过 JDBC 连接到远程 MySQL 服务器

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】如何从 Android 应用程序通过 JDBC 连接到远程 MySQL 服务器

【英文标题】：How Connect To Remote MySQL server via JDBC from Android Applicaton

【发布时间】：2013-03-10 00:18:00

【问题描述】：

我想出了如何在 Java 应用程序中连接到我的远程 mysql 服务器。我很清楚这一点。我已经提供了我的代码和我为做同样的事情而采取的步骤，但来自一个 android 应用程序。

问题我的代码无法连接有什么问题？我在 Java 中使用了类似的过程，效果很好。

1) 我在项目属性中添加了 mysql-connector.jar 的外部 JAR 文件（我相信我使用的是 5.1）。这很好用，因为我在我的 Java 应用程序中使用它并与之连接。

2) 下面是连接和查询数据库的代码。我省略了查询信息和服务器信息，替换为 。很明显：P

3) 当我在手机上运行应用程序时，我会收到以下消息：

com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException：通信链接失败。

4) 我在 Ubuntu 服务器上运行 wireshark，当它在 mysql 端口上侦听时只看到 SSTP 条目。

package com.example.test_android;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity 

    private static final String url = "jdbc:mysql://<server ip>:<sql port#>/<database name>";
    private static final String user = "<username>";
    private static final String pass = "<password>";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

         testDB();


    //end oncreate method


    public void testDB() 
        TextView tv = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.text_view);
        try 
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, pass);
            /* System.out.println("Database connection success"); */

            String result = "Database connection success\n";
            Statement st = con.createStatement();
            ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM <table in database>");
            ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();

            while(rs.next()) 
                result += rsmd.getColumnName(1) + ": " + rs.getInt(1) + "\n";
                result += rsmd.getColumnName(2) + ": " + rs.getString(2) + "\n";
                result += rsmd.getColumnName(3) + ": " + rs.getString(3) + "\n";
            
            tv.setText(result);
        
        catch(Exception e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
            tv.setText(e.toString());
           

    

//end class

5) 堆栈跟踪：

03-20 11:50:46.381: W/SurfaceFlinger(334): id=54501 Removed idx=5 Map Size=4
03-20 11:50:46.381: D/memalloc(334): ion: Freeing buffer base:0x42fb0000 size:1228800 fd:50
03-20 11:50:46.381: D/memalloc(334): ion: Freeing buffer base:0x43107000 size:1228800 fd:11
03-20 11:50:46.381: W/SurfaceFlinger(334): id=54501 Removed idx=-2 Map Size=4
03-20 11:50:46.381: D/memalloc(334): ion: Freeing buffer base:0x43c2d000 size:1228800 fd:53
03-20 11:50:46.381: D/KeyguardViewMediator(648): setHidden false
03-20 11:50:47.302: E/MP-Decision(1366): DOWN Ld:51 Ns:1.100000 Ts:190 rq:1.000000 seq:196.000000
03-20 11:50:47.492: D/STATUSBAR-NetworkController(805): onReceive() - RSSI_CHANGED_ACTION, WIFI_STATE, NETWORK_STATE
03-20 11:50:48.143: E/SMD(330): DCD ON
03-20 11:50:48.603: V/WindowOrientationListener(648): nearestRotation : 0   Angle: 348   tilt: 45
03-20 11:50:50.535: D/STATUSBAR-NetworkController(805): onReceive() - RSSI_CHANGED_ACTION, WIFI_STATE, NETWORK_STATE
03-20 11:50:50.555: E/MP-Decision(1366): UP Ld:50 Nw:1.990000 Tw:140 rq:2.700000 seq:147.000000
03-20 11:50:50.946: W/dalvikvm(23747): VFY: unable to find class referenced in signature (Ljavax/naming/Reference;)
03-20 11:50:50.946: I/dalvikvm(23747): Could not find method javax.naming.Reference.get, referenced from method com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionPropertiesImpl$ConnectionProperty.initializeFrom
03-20 11:50:50.946: W/dalvikvm(23747): VFY: unable to resolve virtual method 11306: Ljavax/naming/Reference;.get (Ljava/lang/String;)Ljavax/naming/RefAddr;
03-20 11:50:50.946: D/dalvikvm(23747): VFY: replacing opcode 0x6e at 0x0004
03-20 11:50:50.946: W/dalvikvm(23747): VFY: unable to find class referenced in signature (Ljavax/naming/Reference;)
03-20 11:50:50.946: E/dalvikvm(23747): Could not find class 'javax.naming.StringRefAddr', referenced from method com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionPropertiesImpl$ConnectionProperty.storeTo
03-20 11:50:50.946: W/dalvikvm(23747): VFY: unable to resolve new-instance 944 (Ljavax/naming/StringRefAddr;) in Lcom/mysql/jdbc/ConnectionPropertiesImpl$ConnectionProperty;
03-20 11:50:50.946: D/dalvikvm(23747): VFY: replacing opcode 0x22 at 0x0006
03-20 11:50:50.956: D/dalvikvm(23747): DexOpt: unable to opt direct call 0x2c2c at 0x14 in Lcom/mysql/jdbc/ConnectionPropertiesImpl$ConnectionProperty;.storeTo
03-20 11:50:51.146: E/SMD(330): DCD ON
03-20 11:50:51.476: I/dalvikvm(23747): Could not find method java.lang.management.ManagementFactory.getThreadMXBean, referenced from method com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.appendDeadlockStatusInformation
03-20 11:50:51.476: W/dalvikvm(23747): VFY: unable to resolve static method 10657: Ljava/lang/management/ManagementFactory;.getThreadMXBean ()Ljava/lang/management/ThreadMXBean;
03-20 11:50:51.476: D/dalvikvm(23747): VFY: replacing opcode 0x71 at 0x0079
03-20 11:50:51.576: W/System.err(23747): com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure
03-20 11:50:51.576: W/System.err(23747): The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.
03-20 11:50:51.576: W/System.err(23747):    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
03-20 11:50:51.576: W/System.err(23747):    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:417)
03-20 11:50:51.576: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:411)
03-20 11:50:51.586: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createCommunicationsException(SQLError.java:1116)
03-20 11:50:51.586: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.<init>(MysqlIO.java:344)
03-20 11:50:51.586: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.coreConnect(ConnectionImpl.java:2332)
03-20 11:50:51.586: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.connectOneTryOnly(ConnectionImpl.java:2369)
03-20 11:50:51.586: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.createNewIO(ConnectionImpl.java:2153)
03-20 11:50:51.586: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.<init>(ConnectionImpl.java:792)
03-20 11:50:51.596: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection.<init>(JDBC4Connection.java:47)
03-20 11:50:51.596: W/System.err(23747):    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
03-20 11:50:51.596: W/System.err(23747):    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:417)
03-20 11:50:51.596: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:411)
03-20 11:50:51.596: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.getInstance(ConnectionImpl.java:381)
03-20 11:50:51.596: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.NonRegisteringDriver.connect(NonRegisteringDriver.java:305)
03-20 11:50:51.606: W/System.err(23747):    at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:175)
03-20 11:50:51.606: W/System.err(23747):    at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:209)
03-20 11:50:51.606: W/System.err(23747):    at com.example.test_android.MainActivity.testDB(MainActivity.java:34)
03-20 11:50:51.606: W/System.err(23747):    at com.example.test_android.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:24)
03-20 11:50:51.606: W/System.err(23747):    at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:4470)
03-20 11:50:51.616: W/System.err(23747):    at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1053)
03-20 11:50:51.616: W/System.err(23747):    at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1934)
03-20 11:50:51.616: W/System.err(23747):    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1995)
03-20 11:50:51.616: W/System.err(23747):    at android.app.ActivityThread.access$600(ActivityThread.java:128)
03-20 11:50:51.616: W/System.err(23747):    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1161)
03-20 11:50:51.616: W/System.err(23747):    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
03-20 11:50:51.626: W/System.err(23747):    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137)
03-20 11:50:51.626: W/System.err(23747):    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4517)
03-20 11:50:51.626: W/System.err(23747):    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
03-20 11:50:51.626: W/System.err(23747):    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511)
03-20 11:50:51.626: W/System.err(23747):    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:980)
03-20 11:50:51.626: W/System.err(23747):    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:747)
03-20 11:50:51.636: W/System.err(23747):    at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
03-20 11:50:51.636: W/System.err(23747): Caused by: java.net.SocketException: android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException
03-20 11:50:51.636: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.StandardSocketFactory.unwrapExceptionToProperClassAndThrowIt(StandardSocketFactory.java:408)
03-20 11:50:51.636: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.StandardSocketFactory.connect(StandardSocketFactory.java:269)
03-20 11:50:51.646: W/System.err(23747):    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.<init>(MysqlIO.java:294)
03-20 11:50:51.646: W/System.err(23747):    ... 28 more
03-20 11:50:51.786: W/SurfaceFlinger(334): id=54502(1) createSurface 0x1b75144 (1x1),2 flag=400
03-20 11:50:51.786: D/KeyguardViewMediator(648): setHidden false
03-20 11:50:51.786: D/STATUSBAR-StatusBarManagerService(648): setSystemUiVisibility(0x0)
03-20 11:50:51.786: D/STATUSBAR-StatusBarManagerService(648): manageDisableList what=0x0 pkg=WindowManager.LayoutParams
03-20 11:50:51.867: D/CLIPBOARD(1073): Hide Clipboard dialog at Starting input: finished by someone else... !
03-20 11:50:51.867: I/ClipboardServiceEx(648): mCBPickerDialog enter case. MSG_DISMISS_DIALOG
03-20 11:50:51.867: I/ClipboardServiceEx(648): Send intent for dismiss clipboard dialog inside hideCurrentInputLocked() !

【问题讨论】：

它是否抛出任何异常。如果是这样，请堆栈跟踪..

.CommunicationsException 这是一个例外。你可以添加堆栈跟踪吗？

您是否在清单中添加了互联网权限？没有它，您将无法连接到远程数据库。见developer.android.com/guide/topics/security/permissions.html

好吧，对不起，我添加了堆栈跟踪，是的，我在清单中添加了 Internet 权限。

试试这个答案Connecting to MySQL from Android with JDBC

【参考方案1】：

这里不能正常工作的原因有两点

jdbc 无法访问您提供的 url，该 URL 必须可以公开访问，这意味着您的服务器 ie:SAY x.y.z.w:port

所以需要一个网络人来释放服务器 ip 上的这个端口并使其公开可用

注意

公开打开它会对你的数据库造成威胁，因为任何知道它的人都可以写入它..

忠告 永远不要让您的应用程序直接与数据库通信，允许像 jsp、servlets、asp、python 等服务器技术接收您的请求并为您执行此操作。

希望对你有帮助。