Django + Docker - 服务器错误 500。长帖子

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】Django + Docker - 服务器错误 500。长帖子

【英文标题】：Django + Docker - Server Error 500. Long Post

【发布时间】：2021-06-04 11:42:01

【问题描述】：

我目前正在尝试让我的 Django 应用程序为部署做好准备。我正在尝试通过使用 docker、dockerfile 和 uwsgi 创建应用程序的映像来“dockerize”我的应用程序。我可以使用以下命令来做到这一点：

sudo docker create --name container --network network --network-alias container -t -p 40001:8001 image_name 

docker build -t image_name .

镜像构建完成，我可以启动它，并且可以访问容器化应用程序的主页。但是，当我尝试导航到应用程序中的其他页面时，我收到服务器错误 (500)，在控制台 (Firefox) 中，我收到此错误：

 The character encoding of the html document was not declared. The document will render with garbled text in some browser configurations if the document contains characters from outside the US-ASCII range. The character encoding of the page must be declared in the document or in the transfer protocol.

我的 base.html 中有这个：

<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
    <meta content="utf-8">

每个网页都扩展了这个页面。

我相信这可能是我使用 WhiteNoise 时静态文件配置的问题。但是我的 dockerfile 和 uwsgi.ini 文件有问题。

settings.py

import os
import socket
from pathlib import Path
from whitenoise.storage import CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage
import docker_config

BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'LisgreyWebApp',
    'reservations',
    'takeaway',
    'food_menus',
    'crispy_forms',
    'bootstrap4',
    'corsheaders'
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'LisgreyWebApp_FYP.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [BASE_DIR / 'templates'],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': 
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        ,
    ,
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'LisgreyWebApp_FYP.wsgi.application'

DATABASES = 
    'default': 
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
        'NAME': 'lisgrey_database',
        'USER': 'postgres',
        'PASSWORD': 'password',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': '25432'
    


AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    ,
    
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    ,
    
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    ,
    
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    ,
]

CRISPY_TEMPLATE_PACK = 'bootstrap4'
CRISPY_FAIL_SILENTLY = not DEBUG

BOOTSTRAP4 = 
    'include_jquery': True,


LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'home'
LOGOUT_REDIRECT_URL = 'home'  # new

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = False
USE_TZ = True

STATIC_URL = "/static/"
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'dist')
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'

TIME_INPUT_FORMATS = [
    '%H:%M %p'
]

DATE_INPUT_FORMATS = [
    '%d-%m-%Y'
]

Dockerfile

FROM python:3.8

RUN apt-get -y update && apt-get -y upgrade && apt-get -y install libgdal-dev

# Make a working directoir in the image and set it as working dir.
RUN mkdir -p /usr/src/app
WORKDIR /usr/src/app

# make sure that pip & setuptools are installed and to date
RUN pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel

# Get the following libraries. We caan install them "globally" on the image as it will contain only our project
RUN apt-get -y install build-essential python-cffi libcairo2 libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libffi-dev shared-mime-info

# You should have already exported your Python library reuirements to a "requiremnts.txt" file using pip.
# Now copy this to the image and install everything in it.
COPY requirements.txt /usr/src/app
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt

# Copy everything in your Django project to the image.
COPY . /usr/src/app

# Make sure that static files are up to date and available
RUN python manage.py collectstatic --no-input

# Expose port 8001 on the image. We'll map a localhost port to this later.
EXPOSE 8001

# Run "uwsgi". uWSGI is a Web Server Gateway Interface (WSGI) server implementation that is typically used to run Python
# web applications.
CMD ["uwsgi", "--ini", "uwsgi.ini"]

uwsgi.ini

[uwsgi]
chdir = %d
# %d is the dir this configuration file is in
#socket = %dapp.sock
http = :8001
module = LisgreyWebApp_FYP.wsgi:application
chmod-socket=664

master = true
processes = 4
vacuum = true
enable-threads = true

容器日志

[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from uwsgi.ini
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.19.1 (64bit) on [Fri Mar  5 18:59:51 2021] ***
compiled with version: 8.3.0 on 05 March 2021 15:28:29
os: Linux-5.8.0-44-generic #50-Ubuntu SMP Tue Feb 9 06:29:41 UTC 2021
nodename: ebc63a00d1a7
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
pcre jit disabled
detected number of CPU cores: 8
current working directory: /usr/src/app
detected binary path: /usr/local/bin/uwsgi
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
chdir() to /usr/src/app/
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1048576
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uWSGI http bound on :8001 fd 4
uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 127.0.0.1:33037 (port auto-assigned) fd 3
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
Python version: 3.8.8 (default, Feb 19 2021, 17:55:44)  [GCC 8.3.0]
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x559f4a88c290
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
python threads support enabled
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 364600 bytes (356 KB) for 4 cores
*** Operational MODE: preforking ***
WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 1 seconds on interpreter 0x559f4a88c290 pid: 1 (default app)
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) *** 
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***

【问题讨论】：

改为查看 Django 日志。

@IvanStarostin 如何检查 Django 容器日志，它在我的本地工作正常，而 docker 不在服务器上工作

【参考方案1】：

发现我正在尝试连接到不同名称的数据库。检查了我的数据库容器和应用程序容器的日志以找出这一点。