当调试在生产中为 False 时，Django 抛出 500

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】当调试在生产中为 False 时，Django 抛出 500

【英文标题】：Django throws 500 when debug is False in Production

【发布时间】：2021-12-08 15:22:10

【问题描述】：

当我使用DEBUG=False 运行时，我无法理解为什么 Django 3 会失败。 url似乎也有问题：

www.domain.com/ -> Does not work
www.domain.com/en/ -> No problem

日志似乎提到了一百万个问题，但我不明白最初的问题是什么，所以我正在寻求帮助：

Exception while resolving variable 'self' in template '404.html'.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/pp/www/SmileDesign/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 47, in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "/Users/pp/www/SmileDesign/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 167, in _get_response
    callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs = self.resolve_request(request)
  File "/Users/pp/www/SmileDesign/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 290, in resolve_request
    resolver_match = resolver.resolve(request.path_info)
  File "/Users/pp/www/SmileDesign/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 585, in resolve
    raise Resolver404('tried': tried, 'path': new_path)
django.urls.exceptions.Resolver404: 'tried': [[<URLResolver <URLPattern list> (admin:admin) '^django-admin/'>], [<URLResolver <module 'wagtail.admin.urls' from '/Users/pp/www/SmileDesign/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/wagtail/admin/urls/__init__.py'> (None:None) '^admin/'>], [<URLResolver <module 'wagtail.documents.urls' from '/Users/pp/www/SmileDesign/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/wagtail/documents/urls.py'> (None:None) '^documents/'>], [<URLPattern '^i18n/$' [name='set_language']>], [<URLPattern '^sitemap\.xml$'>], [<URLResolver <URLResolver list> (None:None) 'bg/'>]], 'path': ''

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/pp/www/SmileDesign/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 829, in _resolve_lookup
    current = current[bit]
  File "/Users/pp/www/SmileDesign/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/template/context.py", line 83, in __getitem__
    raise KeyError(key)
KeyError: 'self'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/pp/www/SmileDesign/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 835, in _resolve_lookup
    if isinstance(current, BaseContext) and getattr(type(current), bit):
AttributeError: type object 'RequestContext' has no attribute 'self'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/pp/www/SmileDesign/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 843, in _resolve_lookup
    current = current[int(bit)]
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'self'

#####################
# ...
# Rest of debug lines: https://pastebin.com/5AqDZu11
# ...
#####################

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/pp/www/SmileDesign/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 837, in _resolve_lookup
    current = getattr(current, bit)
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'url_name'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/pp/www/SmileDesign/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 843, in _resolve_lookup
    current = current[int(bit)]
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'url_name'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/pp/www/SmileDesign/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 850, in _resolve_lookup
    (bit, current))  # missing attribute
django.template.base.VariableDoesNotExist: Failed lookup for key [url_name] in None
Internal Server Error: /favicon.ico
"GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 500 680

我看到底部写着Internal Server Error: /favicon.ico，我怀疑这是罪魁祸首，但即使我尝试了以下解决方法，问题仍然存在：

    url(r'^favicon.ico$', RedirectView.as_view(url=staticfiles_storage.url('img/favicon.ico'), permanent=True)),

我仍然得到 500 结尾：

Internal Server Error: /
"GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 680
"GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 301 0
"GET /static/img/favicon.be884a05bb00.ico HTTP/1.1" 200 9896

通过查看第一行，404.html 似乎存在问题

% extends "base.html" %

% block body_class %template-404% endblock %

% block content %
    <h1>Page not found</h1>

    <h2>Sorry, this page could not be found.</h2>
% endblock %

如果我删除扩展base.html的行，它会运行，但我不清楚为什么。

% load static wagtailuserbar %

<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--[if lt IE 7]>      <html class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8 lt-ie7"> <![endif]-->
<!--[if IE 7]>         <html class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8"> <![endif]-->
<!--[if IE 8]>         <html class="no-js lt-ie9"> <![endif]-->
<!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js"> <!--<![endif]-->
    <head>
        <script type="text/javascript" src="% static 'js/is-mobile.min.js' %"></script>
        <meta charset="utf-8" />
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
        <title>
            % block title %
                % if self.seo_title %
                     self.seo_title 
                % elif self.translated_title %
                     self.translated_title 
                % else %
                     self.title 
                % endif %
            % endblock %
            % block title_suffix %
                % with self.get_site.site_name as site_name %
                    % if site_name %-  site_name % endif %
                % endwith %
            % endblock %
        </title>
        <link rel="shortcut icon" href="% static 'img/favicon.ico' %">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />

        <meta name="description" content="% block meta_description %% endblock %" />
        <meta name="keywords" content="% block meta_keywords %% endblock %" />

        <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css">
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="% static 'slick/slick.css' %"/>

        # Global stylesheets #
        % if debug %
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="% static 'css/main.css' %">
        % else %
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="% static 'css/main.min.css' %">
        % endif %

        % if not request.is_preview %
            # The page is not in preview mode #
            # Put google analytics, mixpanel, etc... here #
        % endif %

        % block extra_css %
            # Override this in templates to add extra stylesheets #
        % endblock %
    </head>

    <body class="% block body_class %% endblock %">
        % wagtailuserbar %
        % block navigation %
        % include 'partials/_navigation.html' %
        % endblock %

        <div class="content">% block content %% endblock %</div>

        % block footer %
        % include 'partials/_footer.html' %
        % endblock %

        <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>
        <script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-Tc5IQib027qvyjSMfHjOMaLkfuWVxZxUPnCJA7l2mCWNIpG9mGCD8wGNIcPD7Txa" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
        <script type="text/javascript" src="% static 'slick/slick.min.js' %"></script>
        <script src="https://unpkg.com/scrollreveal@3.3.5/dist/scrollreveal.min.js"></script>
        <script type="text/javascript" src="% static 'js/parallax.min.js' %"></script>
        <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/parallax/3.1.0/parallax.min.js"></script>

        <script id="developedby" data-client-id="d640d636-cbe0-493c-b51a-124becd2cd6d" src="https://hakomo.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/static/js/webdevelopmentbyhakomo.js"></script>
        <script src="% static 'js/min/main.js' %"></script>
        % block extra_js %
            # Override this in templates to add extra javascript #
        % endblock %
    </body>
</html>

我的 urls.py:

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^django-admin/', admin.site.urls),

    url(r'^admin/', include(wagtailadmin_urls)),
    url(r'^documents/', include(wagtaildocs_urls)),

    url(r'^i18n/$', set_language, name='set_language'),
    url(r'^sitemap\.xml$', sitemap, sitemaps),
    url(r'^favicon.ico$', RedirectView.as_view(url=staticfiles_storage.url('img/favicon.ico'), permanent=True)),
]

urlpatterns += i18n_patterns(
    # These URLs will have /<language_code>/ appended to the beginning

    url(r'', include(content_urls)),

    url(r'^search/$', search_views.search, name='search'),

 
    url(r'', include(wagtail_urls)),

)


if settings.DEBUG:
    from django.conf.urls.static import static
    from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns

    # Serve static and media files from development server
    urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns()
    urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

所以除了理解为什么扩展基础是一个问题之外，

我也想知道为什么我们一开始就得到 404。

感谢您的帮助

【问题讨论】：

问题与模板变量有关。你能展示你的视图，它呈现base.html

【参考方案1】：

第一行说：

Exception while resolving variable 'self' in template '404.html'.

并且您在您的base.html 中使用了self，因此当您删除时

% extends "base.html" %

一切正常。

所以Django无法解析变量self，

请使用views.py 更新您的问题，这会将上下文变量self 传递给base.html

这肯定会解决问题

另外，我们应该避免在 Python 中使用保留关键字如 self 作为变量名