如何自动填充公式 VBA

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】如何自动填充公式 VBA

【英文标题】：How to autofill formulas VBA

【发布时间】：2013-10-28 19:47:20

【问题描述】：

我正在尝试制作一个宏来复制其他报告中的范围并将它们放入一个大报告中。范围复制工作正常，并且完全符合预期。我现在遇到的问题是如何使用 vba 获取日历周日期（日历周的星期一）。我知道执行此操作的 excel 公式，但我似乎无法弄清楚如何在 vba 中实现。

=DATE(带有年份的单元格, 1, -2)-WEEKDAY(DATE(带有年份的单元格,1,3))+带有日历周数的单元格（即日历周13）*7

获取每个日历周的星期一日期的最佳方法是什么？

我尝试的当前自动填充方法给了我一个运行时错误'1004：Range 类的自动填充方法失败。

Sub BeginHere()
Dim wb As Workbook
Dim ws As Worksheet
Dim wbn As Workbook
Dim wsp As Worksheet
Dim year As String
Dim cw As String
Dim fileName As String
Dim formula As Range

Set wb = ThisWorkbook
Set ws = ActiveSheet

'Test Fulmula
Set formula = ws.Range("p1")

'Last Cell in Destination
Dim lastCellD As Range
'First cell in Destination
Dim firstCellD As Range
'Last Cell in Source
Dim lastCellS As Range
'First Cell in Source
Dim firstCellS As Range

Dim fileDir As String
Dim filePath As String

With Excel.Application
        .ScreenUpdating = False
        .Calculation = Excel.xlCalculationManual
        .EnableEvents = False
        .DisplayAlerts = False
End With

'get the last calendar week from the destination report
Set lastCellD = ws.Range("B7:B7").End(xlDown)
'calculate the next calendar week
cw = lastCellD.formula
cw = cw + 1

'Create file path using PQM directory with the cw and years
fileDir = "file directory here"
filePath = "file name here"    
Dim r1 As Range, r2 As Range, r3 As Range, r4 As Range, r5 As Range
Dim r6 As Range, r7 As Range, r8 As Range, r9 As Range, cwr As Range
Dim rm As Range, rdw As Range, ry As Range


'If the next report exist continue processing
If Dir(filePath) <> "" Then
    'Open the source workbook
    Set wbn = Workbooks.Open(filePath)
    fileName = wbn.Name
    year = Mid(fileName, 6, 4)
    'Open the source worksheet
    Set wsp = wbn.Worksheets("Problemliste")

    'Get the cell after the last filled cell in the destination sheet for PQM numbers
    Set lastCellD = ws.Cells(Rows.Count, "C").End(xlUp)

    'Get the first and last cell in the source sheet to get the total number of used cells
    Set firstCellS = wsp.Range("A7")
    Set lastCellS = wsp.Cells(Rows.Count, "A").End(xlUp)

    Set r1 = Range(firstCellS, lastCellS)
    r1.Copy lastCellD.Offset(1, 0)

    Set firstCellS = wsp.Range("B7")
    Set lastCellS = wsp.Cells(Rows.Count, "B").End(xlUp)
    Set r2 = Range(firstCellS, lastCellS)
    r2.Copy lastCellD.Offset(1, 1)

    Set firstCellS = wsp.Range("F7")
    Set lastCellS = wsp.Cells(Rows.Count, "F").End(xlUp)
    Set r3 = Range(firstCellS, lastCellS)
    r3.Copy lastCellD.Offset(1, 2)

    Set firstCellS = wsp.Range("H7")
    Set lastCellS = wsp.Cells(Rows.Count, "H").End(xlUp)
    Set r4 = Range(firstCellS, lastCellS)
    r4.Copy lastCellD.Offset(1, 3)

    Set firstCellS = wsp.Range("J7")
    Set lastCellS = wsp.Cells(Rows.Count, "J").End(xlUp)
    Set r5 = Range(firstCellS, lastCellS)
    r5.Copy lastCellD.Offset(1, 4)

    Set firstCellS = wsp.Range("Y7")
    Set lastCellS = wsp.Cells(Rows.Count, "Y").End(xlUp)
    Set r6 = Range(firstCellS, lastCellS)
    r6.Copy lastCellD.Offset(1, 5)

    Set firstCellS = wsp.Range("AK7")
    Set lastCellS = wsp.Cells(Rows.Count, "AK").End(xlUp)
    Set r7 = Range(firstCellS, lastCellS)
    r7.Copy lastCellD.Offset(1, 6)

    Set firstCellS = wsp.Range("BA7")
    Set lastCellS = wsp.Cells(Rows.Count, "BA").End(xlUp)
    Set r8 = Range(firstCellS, lastCellS)
    r8.Copy lastCellD.Offset(1, 7)

    Set firstCellS = wsp.Range("BE7")
    Set lastCellS = wsp.Cells(Rows.Count, "BE").End(xlUp)
    Set r9 = Range(firstCellS, lastCellS)
    r9.Copy lastCellD.Offset(1, 8)

    'Set firstCellD = last cell in column B
    Set firstCellD = ws.Range("B7").End(xlDown)
    'Offset to get the next empty row
    Set firstCellD = firstCellD.Offset(1, 0)
    'Set lastCellD = the bottom cell of column C
    Set lastCellD = ws.Cells(Rows.Count, "C").End(xlUp)
    'Offset by one column to get target column
    Set lastCellD = lastCellD.Offset(0, -1)
    'Create composit range in targer column
    Set rcw = Range(firstCellD, lastCellD)
    rcw.Value = cw

    'put year in destination sheet
    Set firstCellD = firstCellD.Offset(0, 11)
    Set lastCellD = lastCellD.Offset(0, 11)
    Set ry = Range(firstCellD, lastCellD)
    ry.Value = year

    'get calendar week date
    Set firstCellD = firstCellD.Offset(0, -1)
    Set lastCellD = lastCellD.Offset(0, -1)
    Set rdw = Range(firstCellD, lastCellD)
    'Here is where the error occures
    '********************************************************************
    Range("p1").Autofill Destination:=Range(firstCellD, lastCellD), Type:=xlFillDefailt
    '********************************************************************
    Set firstCellD = firstCellD.Offset(0, -1)
    Set lastCellD = lastCellD.Offset(0, -1)
    Set rm = Range(firstCellD, lastCellD)
    'get month from the calendar week date
    'rm.Formula = datepart(month)


wbn.Close

Else
    MsgBox ("No new file")
End If


End Sub

【问题讨论】：

在黑暗中拍摄：Range("P1:P" & lastCellD.Row).Formula = Range("P1").Formula

只是一个快速更正，以防它也存在于您的代码中——在Range("p1").Autofill Destination:=Range(firstCellD, lastCellD), Type:=xlFillDefailt 行上，它应该是“xlFillDefault”。由于 xlFillDefault 为 0，因此在这种情况下应该没有什么不同，但仍然值得修复。将 Option Explicit 添加到代码模块的顶部，让 VBA 为您识别未声明的变量。

@Siddharth Rout 我尝试实施您的建议，但实际上并没有改变任何东西。

@Steve P 感谢您指出这一点

你能调试一下，告诉我lastCellD.Row和Range("P1").Formula 的值是什么

【参考方案1】：

根据 MSDN，自动填充要求源是目标的一部分 (https://***.com/a/1528853/2832561)

回顾你的代码...

Set firstCellD = ws.Range("B7").End(xlDown)
'Offset to get the next empty row
Set firstCellD = firstCellD.Offset(1, 0)
'Set lastCellD = the bottom cell of column C
Set lastCellD = ws.Cells(Rows.Count, "C").End(xlUp)
'Offset by one column to get target column
Set lastCellD = lastCellD.Offset(0, -1)
'Create composit range in targer column
Set rcw = Range(firstCellD, lastCellD)
rcw.Value = cw

在上述之后，firstCellD 和 lastCellD 都在“B”列中。

'put year in destination sheet
Set firstCellD = firstCellD.Offset(0, 11)
Set lastCellD = lastCellD.Offset(0, 11)
Set ry = Range(firstCellD, lastCellD)
ry.Value = year

在这里，它们偏移到“N”列。

'get calendar week date
Set firstCellD = firstCellD.Offset(0, -1)
Set lastCellD = lastCellD.Offset(0, -1)
Set rdw = Range(firstCellD, lastCellD)
'Here is where the error occures
'********************************************************************
Range("p1").Autofill Destination:=Range(firstCellD, lastCellD), Type:=xlFillDefailt
'********************************************************************
Set firstCellD = firstCellD.Offset(0, -1)
Set lastCellD = lastCellD.Offset(0, -1)
Set rm = Range(firstCellD, lastCellD)
'get month from the calendar week date
'rm.Formula = datepart(month)

就在错误之前，它们再次偏移，向左一列：“M”。因为“P1”不在“M”列的范围内，所以自动填充功能失败。

---

我建议将公式复制到firstCellD，然后将其用作自动填充的来源，假设“P1”中的公式使用适当的相对寻址。

TL；DR 和评论回复：

您的代码当前正在尝试将“P1”中的公式自动填充到由Range(firstCellD, lastCellD) 定义的“M”列中的单元格范围内。这不起作用，因为自动填充要求填充的源单元格是目标范围的一部分，就像您要通过拖动单元格右下角的填充手柄手动完成一样。如果“P1”中的公式确实应该填充到“M”列的指定单元格中，则应首先将公式复制到firstCellD，然后从firstCellD 执行自动填充到范围的其余部分。执行此操作的两行代码是：

Range("P1").Copy firstCellD
firstCellD.Autofill Destination:=Range(firstCellD, lastCellD), Type:=xlFillDefault

制作 Excel 文档的备份副本并试一试！

【讨论】：

我只是想确保在我去尝试之前了解您的建议。我只会使用从单元格“P1”到需要公式的单元格的 offset() 吗？如果这就是你的意思，我真的不知道有一种方法可以有效地处理我需要公式的单元格数量。添加的每个报告将添加超过 2000 行，并且每周都会有一个新报告。我只是想确保我的问题范围不会影响您的建议。

您的建议确实有效，但我发现另一个选项可以解决我原来的自动填充问题。所以你的解决方案是我最初的问题，但我会为其他想要使用不同方法的人发布第二个答案。我不确定，但我认为我使用的方法更快。

【参考方案2】：

我没有使用自动填充，而是将我需要的公式放在另一张表中，将公式复制到剪贴板，然后使用 pasteSpecial。

ws2.Range("L1").Copy
rdw.PasteSpecial (xlPasteAll)