Django 1.9.2 测试客户端问题

Posted 2023-02-23

【中文标题】Django 1.9.2 测试客户端问题

【英文标题】：Django 1.9.2 test Client issue

【发布时间】：2016-06-10 05:05:10

【问题描述】：

我正在使用Django==1.9.2 和djangorestframework==3.3.2 和django.test.Client 进行一些测试。问题是，当我执行测试时，我遇到了这个错误：

ERROR: test_view (main.tests.test_http.TestMainViewSet)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/vladir/work/all/project-django1.9/saxo-publish/publish/main/tests/test_http.py", line 111, in test_view
    content_type='application/json'
  File "/home/vladir/work/all/project-django1.9/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 515, in post
    secure=secure, **extra)
  File "/home/vladir/work/all/project-django1.9/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 314, in post
    secure=secure, **extra)
  File "/home/vladir/work/all/project-django1.9/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 380, in generic
    return self.request(**r)
  File "/home/vladir/work/all/project-django1.9/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 449, in request
    response = self.handler(environ)
  File "/home/vladir/work/all/project-django1.9/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 123, in __call__
    response = self.get_response(request)
  File "/home/vladir/work/all/project-django1.9/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 245, in get_response
    response = self.handle_uncaught_exception(request, resolver, sys.exc_info())
  File "/home/vladir/work/all/project-django1.9/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 296, in handle_uncaught_exception
    return callback(request, **param_dict)
  File "/home/vladir/work/all/project-django1.9/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/decorators.py", line 166, in _wrapped_view
    return middleware.process_response(request, response)
  File "/home/vladir/work/all/project-django1.9/venv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/middleware/csrf.py", line 230, in process_response
    request.META["CSRF_COOKIE"],
KeyError: u'CSRF_COOKIE'

我的测试代码如下所示：

import json

from django.test import Client
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.contrib.auth.models import User


class TestMainViewSet(TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.client = Client(
            HTTP_HOST='example.com' # I have also tried removing this
        )
        self.create_read_url = reverse('books-list')
        User.objects.create_user(
            username="username",
            email="[e-mail]",
            password="123"
        ) 

    def test_create(self):
        self.client.login(username='username', password="123")
        # In this case I'm doing a POST, but it is the same with a GET
        response = self.client.post(
            self.create_read_url,
            data=json.dumps('title': "Create"), # I have also tried without the json.dumps
            content_type='application/json'
        )

        data = json.loads(response.content)
        print data

        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
        self.assertEquals(data['title'], "Create")

我的view 代码是：

from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin

from rest_framework import viewsets

from .serialiazers import (
    BookSerializerRead,
    BookSerializerWrite,
)

class MainViewSet(LoginRequiredMixin, viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class_read = BookSerializerRead
    serializer_class_write = BookSerializerWrite

在urls.py：

from rest_framework import routers

router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'books', MainViewSet, 'books')


urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^api/', include(router.urls)),
]

根据Django doc 关于它，我不需要任何额外的东西来避免CSRF checks， 因为正如那里的文字所说：“默认情况下，测试客户端将禁用您的站点执行的任何 CSRF 检查。”，我也知道默认情况下enforce_csrf_checks=False 在Client。

我发现了一个细节，如果我以这种方式创建客户端实例self.client = Client(HTTP_HOST='example.com', CSRF_COOKIE='xxxxxx') 那么它可以工作，但就是这样 实际需要？这不是文档所说的，所以我想我做错了什么。有人可以帮我吗？我将不胜感激任何帮助。 提前致谢

【问题讨论】：

DRF 提供了不同的测试机制，您可能想尝试一下：django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/testing

感谢@TomCarrick 的建议，很有用，之前没用过。我肯定会测试这个。我的主要问题是从Django 1.8.4 到Django 1.9.2 的变化是什么破坏了这个？从我的角度来看，它与Django 本身有关，最后它是json 对Django Rest Framework 端点的请求，我认为它应该有效:(。再次感谢队友。跨度>

【参考方案1】：

尝试使用 DRF 的 APITestCase 作为测试用例的基类：

from rest_framework.testing import APITestCase

class TestMainViewSet(APITestCase):
    ...