在 tkinter GUI 中更新 matplotlib 图

Posted 2023-02-23

【中文标题】在 tkinter GUI 中更新 matplotlib 图

【英文标题】：update matplotlib plot in tkinter GUI

【发布时间】：2015-08-26 18:20:41

【问题描述】：

我想。我尝试在下面的代码示例中这样做。

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
import sys

class Application(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self,master)
        self.createWidgets()

    def createWidgets(self):
       fig=plt.figure(figsize=(8,8))
       ax=fig.add_axes([0.1,0.1,0.8,0.8],polar=True)
       canvas=FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig,master=root)
       canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0,column=1)
       canvas.show()

       self.plotbutton=tk.Button(master=root, text="plot", command=self.plot)
       self.plotbutton.grid(row=0,column=0)

    def plot(self):
       for line in sys.stdout: #infinite loop, reads data of a subprocess
           theta=line[1]
           r=line[2]
           ax.plot(theta,r,linestyle="None",maker='o')
           plt.show(block=False)
           plt.pause(0.001)
           plt.cla()
           #here set axes

root=tk.Tk()
app=Application(master=root)
app.mainloop()

目前的问题是，绘图函数中不知道 ax 对象。如果我尝试 plot(self,canvas,ax) GUI 不会打开。只是一个绘制数据的图。

我想在 GUI 中看到的图中绘制数据。至少刷新率约为 3-5Hz。 因为我是一个绝对的初学者，这个代码解决方案可能不是最好的方法。因此，如果有人可以向我展示更智能的解决方案，我会很高兴。

谢谢！

【参考方案1】：

感谢 Abishek 抽出宝贵时间发布您自己问题的答案。

我刚刚修改了您的答案，使其作为独立模块运行，无需来自 sys.stdout 的输入。还更改了 python 2.7 的 tkinter 导入

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import Tkinter as tk  # python 2.7
import ttk            # python 2.7
import sys

class Application(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self,master)
        self.createWidgets()

    def createWidgets(self):
        fig=plt.figure(figsize=(8,8))
        ax=fig.add_axes([0.1,0.1,0.8,0.8],polar=True)
        canvas=FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig,master=root)
        canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0,column=1)
        canvas.show()

        self.plotbutton=tk.Button(master=root, text="plot", command=lambda: self.plot(canvas,ax))
        self.plotbutton.grid(row=0,column=0)

    def plot(self,canvas,ax):
        c = ['r','b','g']  # plot marker colors
        ax.clear()         # clear axes from previous plot
        for i in range(3):
            theta = np.random.uniform(0,360,10)
            r = np.random.uniform(0,1,10)
            ax.plot(theta,r,linestyle="None",marker='o', color=c[i])
            canvas.draw()

root=tk.Tk()
app=Application(master=root)
app.mainloop()

【参考方案2】：

好的，我可以自己解决。这里的解决方案：

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
import sys

class Application(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self,master)
        self.createWidgets()

    def createWidgets(self):
        fig=plt.figure(figsize=(8,8))
        ax=fig.add_axes([0.1,0.1,0.8,0.8],polar=True)
        canvas=FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig,master=root)
        canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0,column=1)
        canvas.show()

        self.plotbutton=tk.Button(master=root, text="plot", command=lambda: self.plot(canvas,ax))
        self.plotbutton.grid(row=0,column=0)

    def plot(self,canvas,ax):
        for line in sys.stdout: #infinite loop, reads data of a subprocess
            theta=line[1]
            r=line[2]
            ax.plot(theta,r,linestyle="None",maker='o')
            canvas.draw()
            ax.clear()
            #here set axes

root=tk.Tk()
app=Application(master=root)
app.mainloop()