在 Plotly Python 中移动 x 轴和 y 轴刻度

Posted 2023-02-23

【中文标题】在 Plotly Python 中移动 x 轴和 y 轴刻度

【英文标题】：Moving the x-axis and y-axis ticks in Plotly Python

【发布时间】：2020-12-15 16:10:12

【问题描述】：

我正在尝试通过 plotly 创建四个笛卡尔象限。我无法将刻度移动到 x=0 和 y=0。我无法弄清楚如何。

import plotly.graph_objects as go

fig = go.Figure()
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], y=[-4,-4, -4 ,-4, -4],fill='tozeroy', name = 'Cost Saving', mode = 'lines',line=dict(width=0.5, color='rgb(144,238,144,0.2)'), opacity = 0.2)) 
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], y=[4, 4, 4, 4, 4], fill='tozeroy', name = 'Highly Cost Effective', mode = 'lines',line=dict(width=0.5, color='rgb(173,216,230,0.1)'), opacity = 0.2)) # fill down to xaxis
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=[0, -1, -2, -3, -4], y=[-4,-4, -4 ,-4, -4],fill='tozeroy', name = 'Dominated', mode = 'lines',line=dict(width=0.5, color='rgb(211,211,211,0.05)'), opacity = 0.2)) # fill to trace0 y

daly = [ 2,3.3, 1, 0.7, 2.3]
cost = [ 1,-0.3, 2, -0.7, 3.3]
name = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E']

fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=daly, y = cost, mode='markers+text', text = name,textposition='top right', marker=dict(size=10, color='black'), showlegend= False))

fig.update_layout(yaxis_range=(-2, 4), xaxis_range=(-1,4))
fig.update_xaxes(zeroline=True, zerolinewidth=2, zerolinecolor='Black')
fig.update_yaxes(zeroline=True, zerolinewidth=2, zerolinecolor='Black')

fig.show()

我得到下面的情节：

但是，我希望创建类似下面的内容，即移动到 x,y 的刻度（在 powerpoint 中编辑，并以红色边框突出显示）

【参考方案1】：

我认为 Plotly 不允许您将坐标轴的刻度线移动到绘图内部。一种解决方法是禁用刻度线，然后通过为 x 轴和 y 轴创建整数范围并在绘图上显示这些文本来添加您自己的注释。您可以尝试在哪里绘制这些注释以及如何将它们从轴上偏移。

import plotly.graph_objects as go

fig = go.Figure()
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], y=[-4,-4, -4 ,-4, -4],fill='tozeroy', name = 'Cost Saving', mode = 'lines',line=dict(width=0.5, color='rgb(144,238,144,0.2)'), opacity = 0.2)) 
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], y=[4, 4, 4, 4, 4], fill='tozeroy', name = 'Highly Cost Effective', mode = 'lines',line=dict(width=0.5, color='rgb(173,216,230,0.1)'), opacity = 0.2)) # fill down to xaxis
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=[0, -1, -2, -3, -4], y=[-4,-4, -4 ,-4, -4],fill='tozeroy', name = 'Dominated', mode = 'lines',line=dict(width=0.5, color='rgb(211,211,211,0.05)'), opacity = 0.2)) # fill to trace0 y

daly = [ 2,3.3, 1, 0.7, 2.3]
cost = [ 1,-0.3, 2, -0.7, 3.3]
name = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E']

fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=daly, y = cost, mode='markers+text', text = name, textposition='top right', marker=dict(size=10, color='black'), showlegend= False))

fig.update_layout(yaxis_range=(-2, 4), xaxis_range=(-1,4), xaxis=dict(showticklabels=False), yaxis=dict(showticklabels=False))
fig.update_xaxes(zeroline=True, zerolinewidth=2, zerolinecolor='Black')
fig.update_yaxes(zeroline=True, zerolinewidth=2, zerolinecolor='Black')

# generate a list of the integer values for tick marks
x_values = list(range(-2,5))
y_values = list(range(-2,5))

# add the list of values as annotations, offsetting the coordinates using the parameters x,y
xaxes_dict = [dict(x=x_val+0.05, y=0.1, xref="x", yref="y", text=str(x_val), showarrow=False) for x_val in x_values]
yaxes_dict = [dict(x=-0.02, y=y_val-0.1, xref="x", yref="y", text=str(y_val), showarrow=False) for y_val in y_values]

xaxis_title = [dict(x=2.6, y=-0.1, xref="x", yref="y", text="your xtitle", showarrow=False)]
yaxis_title = [dict(x=-0.1, y=2.0, xref="x", yref="y", text="your ytitle", textangle=-90, showarrow=False)]
axes_dict = xaxes_dict + yaxes_dict + xaxis_title + yaxis_title

fig.update_layout(annotations=axes_dict)
fig.show()

【讨论】：

非常感谢。这对我有用。使用类似的解决方法，轴标题是否也可以沿相同的 x,y = 0 显示？

是的，当然。您可以添加更多注释，并再次使用x 和y 参数指定标题的位置。我已经用一些示例轴标题更新了我的答案