如何在 Flutter 中移动屏幕中的小部件
Posted
技术标签:
【中文标题】如何在 Flutter 中移动屏幕中的小部件【英文标题】:How to move a widget in the screen in Flutter 【发布时间】:2018-09-13 23:17:42 【问题描述】:我正在使用颤振,我有一个 容器 使用此代码的圆形形状
new Container(
width: 50.0,
height: 50.0,
decoration: new BoxDecoration(
shape: BoxShape.circle)
我想让这个圆圈像这样在屏幕上移动
我该怎么做?
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:这里是:
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
class SecondScreen extends StatelessWidget
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context)
return MaterialApp(
home: Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
title: Text("Drag app"),
),
body: HomePage(),
),
);
class HomePage extends StatefulWidget
@override
State<StatefulWidget> createState()
return _HomePageState();
class _HomePageState extends State<HomePage>
double width = 100.0, height = 100.0;
Offset position ;
@override
void initState()
super.initState();
position = Offset(0.0, height - 20);
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context)
return Stack(
children: <Widget>[
Positioned(
left: position.dx,
//top: position.dy - height + 20,
child: Draggable(
child: Container(
width: width,
height: height,
color: Colors.blue,
child: Center(child: Text("Drag", style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.headline,),),
),
feedback: Container(
child: Center(
child: Text("Drag", style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.headline,),),
color: Colors.red[800],
width: width,
height: height,
),
onDraggableCanceled: (Velocity velocity, Offset offset)
setState(() => position = offset);
,
),
),
],
);
【讨论】:
哇!这就是我要找的东西!效果很好【参考方案2】:这里是如何做到这一点的整个过程
首先我们构建我们的骨架应用程序。然后我们可以将多个盒子嵌入到这个骨架中,每个盒子都有一个Offset
、一个Color
和一个Label
string
。 Offset
确定盒子在给定时刻的位置,它具有初始状态和根据用户拖动盒子的位置更新的状态。
然后创建一个使用DragTarget Class
的static UI element
。我们可以将我们的Draggable Boxes
拖到这个DragTarget widget
上,以将其颜色更改为Draggable Box
的颜色。
完整示例:
class AppState extends State<App>
Color caughtColor = Colors.deepPurple;
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context)
return SafeArea(
child: Stack(
children: <Widget>[
DragBox(Offset(0.0, 0.0), 'Box One', Colors.blueAccent),
DragBox(Offset(150.0, 0.0), 'Box Two', Colors.orange),
DragBox(Offset(300.0, 0.0), 'Box Three', Colors.lightGreen),
Positioned(
left: 125.0,
bottom: 0.0,
child: DragTarget(
onAccept: (Color color)
caughtColor = color;
,
builder: (
BuildContext context,
List<dynamic> accepted,
List<dynamic> rejected,
)
return Container(
width: 150.0,
height: 150.0,
decoration: BoxDecoration(
color: accepted.isEmpty ? caughtColor : Colors.deepPurple.shade200,
),
child: Center(
child: Text("Drag Here!", style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white)),
),
);
,
),
)
],
),
);
class DragBox extends StatefulWidget
final Offset initPos;
final String label;
final Color itemColor;
DragBox(this.initPos, this.label, this.itemColor);
@override
DragBoxState createState() => DragBoxState();
class DragBoxState extends State<DragBox>
Offset position = Offset(0.0, 0.0);
@override
void initState()
super.initState();
position = widget.initPos;
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context)
return Positioned(
left: position.dx,
top: position.dy,
child: Draggable(
data: widget.itemColor,
child: Container(
width: 100.0,
height: 100.0,
color: widget.itemColor,
child: Center(
child: Text(
widget.label,
style: TextStyle(
color: Colors.white,
decoration: TextDecoration.none,
fontSize: 20.0,
),
),
),
),
onDraggableCanceled: (velocity, offset)
setState(()
position = offset;
);
,
feedback: Container(
width: 120.0,
height: 120.0,
color: widget.itemColor.withOpacity(0.5),
child: Center(
child: Text(
widget.label,
style: TextStyle(
color: Colors.white,
decoration: TextDecoration.none,
fontSize: 18.0,
),
),
),
),
));
参考:Building a Drag and Drop Application
【讨论】:
【参考方案3】:您正在寻找的是Draggable
小部件。然后,您可以使用传递的 onDraggableCanceled
处理翻译和可用于更新展示位置的偏移量
onDraggableCanceled :(velocity,offset)
//update the position here
更新
检查图像后,您需要将“Drop me here”部分设为DragTarget,该部分具有onAccept
方法,当您拖放Draggable
时,该方法将处理逻辑
【讨论】:
onDraggableCanceled
在这里是不必要的。他想要的是DragTarget
。
啊,我看了图片后发现
@aziza 您好,如何在此处更新小部件的新位置?我是 Flutter 新手,不知道如何根据 offset 参数设置 Widget 的绝对位置。你能在这里提供一些代码吗?【参考方案4】:
您可以使用Draggable
类来拖动要拖动的项目,并将其放置或粘贴到屏幕上的某个位置,您必须使用DragTarget
类包装该项目。在DragTarget
类onAccept
方法中可以编写逻辑。您也可以在这里参考我的代码
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
void main() => runApp(new MyApp());
class MyApp extends StatelessWidget
// This widget is the root of your application.
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context)
return new MaterialApp(
title: 'Flutter Demo',
theme: new ThemeData(
primarySwatch: Colors.indigo,
),
home: new MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Drag Box'),
);
class MyHomePage extends StatelessWidget
MyHomePage(Key key, this.title) : super(key: key);
final String title;
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context)
return new Scaffold(
appBar: new AppBar(
title: new Text(title),
),
body:
new DragGame(), // This trailing comma makes auto-formatting nicer for build methods.
);
class DragGame extends StatefulWidget
@override
_DragGameState createState() => new _DragGameState();
class _DragGameState extends State<DragGame>
int boxNumberIsDragged;
@override
void initState()
boxNumberIsDragged = null;
super.initState();
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context)
return new Container(
constraints: BoxConstraints.expand(),
color: Colors.grey,
child: new Stack(
children: <Widget>[
buildDraggableBox(1, Colors.red, new Offset(30.0, 100.0)),
buildDraggableBox(2, Colors.yellow, new Offset(30.0, 200.0)),
buildDraggableBox(3, Colors.green, new Offset(30.0, 300.0)),
],
));
Widget buildDraggableBox(int boxNumber, Color color, Offset offset)
return new Draggable(
maxSimultaneousDrags: boxNumberIsDragged == null || boxNumber == boxNumberIsDragged ? 1 : 0,
child: _buildBox(color, offset),
feedback: _buildBox(color, offset),
childWhenDragging: _buildBox(color, offset, onlyBorder: true),
onDragStarted: ()
setState(()
boxNumberIsDragged = boxNumber;
);
,
onDragCompleted: ()
setState(()
boxNumberIsDragged = null;
);
,
onDraggableCanceled: (_,__)
setState(()
boxNumberIsDragged = null;
);
,
);
Widget _buildBox(Color color, Offset offset, bool onlyBorder: false)
return new Container(
height: 50.0,
width: 50.0,
margin: EdgeInsets.only(left: offset.dx, top: offset.dy),
decoration: BoxDecoration(
color: !onlyBorder ? color : Colors.grey,
border: Border.all(color: color)),
);
【讨论】:
【参考方案5】:首先,用Positioned
将Container
包裹在Stack
中。
然后,使用Pan Gesture
在您的Container
中实现Pan
,并使用onPan...
方法处理Pan Gesture
代码如下:
偏移位置;
@override
void initState()
super.initState();
position = Offset(10, 10);
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context)
double _width = MediaQuery.of(context).size.width;
double _height = _width * 9 / 16;
return GestureDetector(
onPanStart: (details) => _onPanStart(context, details),
onPanUpdate: (details) => _onPanUpdate(context, details, position),
onPanEnd: (details) => _onPanEnd(context, details),
onPanCancel: () => _onPanCancel(context),
child: SafeArea(
child: Stack(
children: <Widget>[
Positioned(
top: position.dy,
child: Container(
color: Colors.red,
width: _width,
height: _height,
),
),
],
),
),
);
void _onPanStart(BuildContext context, DragStartDetails details)
print(details.globalPosition.dy);
void _onPanUpdate(BuildContext context, DragUpdateDetails details, Offset offset)
setState(()
position = details.globalPosition;
);
void _onPanEnd(BuildContext context, DragEndDetails details)
print(details.velocity);
void _onPanCancel(BuildContext context)
print("Pan canceled !!");
希望这会有所帮助!
【讨论】:
以上是关于如何在 Flutter 中移动屏幕中的小部件的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
Flutter:检测任何在屏幕上不可见但在小部件树中的小部件的重建
如何在 Flutter 中的小部件下设置所有 Text 小部件的颜色?