如何在模块命名空间中使用 Vuex 类型常量?
Posted
技术标签:
【中文标题】如何在模块命名空间中使用 Vuex 类型常量?【英文标题】:How to use Vuex types constants with module namespace? 【发布时间】:2018-05-18 16:11:45 【问题描述】:我有这个 Vuex 模块:
//modules/things.js
const state =
firstThing: 'abc',
secondThing: 'def',
;
const getters =
getFirstThing: state => state.firstThing,
getSecondThing: state => state.secondThing,
;
const mutations =
setFirstThing: (state, payload) => state.firstThing = payload,
setSecondThing: (state, payload) => state.secondThing = payload
;
const actions = ;
export default
namespaced: true, // <------
state,
mutations,
actions,
getters
;
我使用namespaced: true
flag 并且可以像这样使用这个模块:
this.$store.state.things.firstThing // <-- return abc here
this.$store.commit('things/setFirstThing', 10)
this.$store.getters['things/getFirstThing'] // <-- return abc here
如果我将使用像 Vuex 中的 official example 这样的常量,并像这样重构我的 modules/things.js
文件:
export const Types =
getters:
GET_FIRST_THING: 'GET_FIRST_THING',
GET_SECOND_THING: 'GET_SECOND_THING',
,
mutations:
SET_FIRST_THING: 'SET_FIRST_THING',
SET_SECOND_THING: 'SET_SECOND_THING',
;
const getters =
[Types.getters.GET_FIRST_THING]: state => state.firstThing,
[Types.getters.GET_SECOND_THING]: state => state.secondThing,
;
const mutations =
[Types.mutations.SET_FIRST_THING]: (state, payload) => state.firstThing = payload,
[Types.mutations.SET_SECOND_THING]: (state, payload) => state.secondThing = payload
;
我将不得不使用命名空间前缀:
this.$store.commit('things/' + Types.mutations.SET_FIRST_THING, 10);
this.$store.getters['things/' + + Types.getters.GET_FIRST_THING]
如果我将模块命名空间前缀包含到 Types
常量中,我将不得不使用字符串前缀 things/
来声明突变/动作/getters:
const getters =
['things/' + Types.getters.GET_FIRST_THING]: state => state.firstThing,
['things/' + Types.getters.GET_SECOND_THING]: state => state.secondThing,
;
如何避免?
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:来自@hedin 的The answer 为我工作出色,谢谢!
我遇到的唯一问题是:
我正在使用 Typescript。
这可能有点过于冗长,影响可读性。但是类型安全对我来说更重要,我愿意容忍一些冗长的类型检查。
受他的设计启发,我对其进行了打字并减少了冗长。
(我正在使用 Vue 3(带有组合 API)+ Vuex 4(带有命名空间模块)。)
首先,我创建了如下所示的namespace-helper.ts
:
import _ from "lodash";
type NamespaceHelper =
[name: string]: string;
;
// Enhanced from @hedin, see https://***.com/a/47646215/1360592
export default (
namespace: string,
types: any,
section: "getters" | "actions" | "mutations",
): NamespaceHelper =>
return _.reduce(
types,
(typeObj: NamespaceHelper, typeValue, typeName) =>
if (typeName === section)
return _.reduce(
typeValue,
(obj: NamespaceHelper, v, k) =>
obj[k] = v.replace(namespace, "");
return obj;
,
,
);
return typeObj;
,
,
);
;
然后在我的商店模块中,我有:
const namespace = "things";
// For external use
export const Types =
getters:
GET_FIRST_THING: `$namespace/GET_FIRST_THING`,
GET_SECOND_THING: `$namespace/GET_SECOND_THING`,
,
actions:
DO_FIRST_THING: `$namespace/DO_FIRST_THING`,
DO_SECOND_THING: `$namespace/DO_SECOND_THING`,
,
mutations:
SET_FIRST_THING: `$namespace/SET_FIRST_THING`,
SET_SECOND_THING: `$namespace/SET_SECOND_THING`,
,
;
// For internal use in the same store
const _getters = removeNamespace(`$namespace/`, Types, "getters");
const _actions = removeNamespace(`$namespace/`, Types, "actions");
const _mutations = removeNamespace(`$namespace/`, Types, "mutations");
// getters
const getters: GetterTree<MyStoreState, RootState> =
[_getters. GET_FIRST_THING]: (state) =>
return state.blah;
,
...
;
// actions
const actions: ActionTree<MyStoreState, RootState> =
[_actions.DO_FIRST_THING]: ( commit ) =>
// do stuff here
...
commit(_mutations.SET_FIRST_THING);
,
;
// mutations
const mutations =
[_mutations.SET_FIRST_THING]: (state: MyStoreState) =>
state.blah = "foo";
,
;
export default
namespaced: true,
state,
getters,
actions,
mutations,
;
这是我从组件中使用它的方式:
<script lang="ts">
// imports go here, not shown for brevity
import Types from "@/store/modules/things";
export default defineComponent(
name: "Thing",
setup(props)
const store = useStore<RootState>();
// I prefer singular for consuming getters and actions externally.
const getters: getter, actions: action = Types;
const firstThing = computed<ThingType>(() =>
store.getters[getter.GET_FIRST_THING],
);
store.dispatch(action.DO_FIRST_THING);
return
firstThing,
;
,
);
</script>
【讨论】:
我需要在 store 中添加import removeNamespace from '../namespace-helper'
,但是 _actions 属于 NamespaceHelper 类型并且没有 _getter 或其他属性。【参考方案2】:
您可以通过namespaced: false
禁用命名空间,只使用带前缀的常量:
export const Types =
getters:
GET_FIRST_THING: 'THINGS_GET_FIRST_THING', // your namespace without '/' slash
GET_SECOND_THING: 'THINGS_GET_SECOND_THING',
,
// ...
-它会起作用的。
但是如果您仍然想在模块中保留namespaced: true
并使用常量,您可以定义两种类型的常量:public 和 private:
export const Types = // <-- public
getters:
GET_FIRST_THING: 'things/GET_FIRST_THING',
GET_SECOND_THING: 'things/GET_SECOND_THING',
,
mutations:
SET_FIRST_THING: 'things/SET_FIRST_THING',
SET_SECOND_THING: 'things/SET_SECOND_THING',
;
const _types = removeNamespace('things/', Types); // <-- private
然后只在 Vuex 模块中使用私有 _types
:
const getters =
[_types.getters.GET_FIRST_THING]: state => state.firstThing,
[_types.getters.GET_SECOND_THING]: state => state.secondThing,
;
//...
和公开Types
模块外:
// some-component.vue
this.$store.commit(Types.mutations.SET_FIRST_THING, 10);
this.$store.getters[Types.getters.GET_FIRST_THING]
// ...
还在新的namespace-helper.js
文件中实现简单的removeNamespace
函数:
export default function removeNamespace(namespace, types)
return _.reduce(types, (typeObj, typeValue, typeName) =>
typeObj[typeName] = _.reduce(typeValue, (obj, v, k)=>
obj[k] = v.replace(namespace, '');
return obj;
, );
return typeObj;
, );
【讨论】:
以上是关于如何在模块命名空间中使用 Vuex 类型常量?的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
Vue,vuex:如何使用命名空间存储和模拟对组件进行单元测试?