向 XMPP/Jabber 会议室发送消息的简单方法？ （Shell 或 Python，Debian wheezy）

Posted 2023-02-16

【中文标题】向 XMPP/Jabber 会议室发送消息的简单方法？ （Shell 或 Python，Debian wheezy）

【英文标题】：Easy way to send a message to an XMPP/Jabber conference room? (Shell or Python, Debian wheezy)

【发布时间】：2014-09-20 15:38:15

【问题描述】：

向 XMPP/Jabber 会议室发送消息的简单方法是什么？是在命令行（Shell）还是使用 Python？理想情况下，所有命令和/或库都应该在 Debian wheezy（或 jessie）中可用，而不使用 pip。

【参考方案1】：

第一

apt-get install python-pyxmpp

然后，像这样

from pyxmpp.all import JID,Iq,Presence,Message,StreamError
from pyxmpp.jabber.muc import MucRoomState, MucRoomManager, MucRoomHandler
from pyxmpp.jabber.client import JabberClient
from pyxmpp.interface import implements
from pyxmpp.interfaces import *
from pyxmpp.streamtls import TLSSettings

def execute(user, password, tls_option, message_handler, idle_function, delay=1):
    global client, roomManager
    tls_settings= TLSSettings(require = True, verify_peer = (tls_option!='tls_no_verify'))
    client= Client(JID(user), password, tls_settings)
    client.connect()

    EchoHandler.message= message_handler
    roomManager = MucRoomManager(client.stream);
    roomManager.set_handlers()


def joinMUC( handler, room_jid, nick, password= None):
    global roomManager
    handler.password= password
    roomState = roomManager.join( room=JID(room_jid), nick=nick, handler=handler, history_maxchars=0, password= password )
    return roomState

from pyxmpp.jabber.muc import MucRoomHandler
roomManager= None
execute(username, password, 'tls_no_verify', process_message_callback, periodic_callback)
state= joinMUC( room_handler, "[e-mail]", user, passwd)
state.send_message("something spammy!")

我从我放置的一些旧代码中蚕食了它，我现在没有办法测试它，但它应该是一个很好的起点。随时改进它

【讨论】：

我apt-get installed python-pyxmpp python-xmpp，但import xmpp; xmpp.execute(...) 和import pyxmpp; pyxmpp.execute(...) 都提高了AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'execute'。

我的错，我显然有一个名为 xmpp 的模块 - 坏主意。我已经蚕食了更多的代码。

【参考方案2】：

我在让 python-pyxmpp 工作时遇到了一些问题，也许我只是不耐烦。无论如何，我找到了另一个对我有用的解决方案，但在他们的网站上使用了 slimxmpp。该解决方案并不比 goncalopps 好（我希望也不差），只是我在 Debian wheezy 上工作的速度更快。

$ sudo apt-get install python-sleekxmpp

这是代码：

import optparse
import sys
import time

import sleekxmpp


class MUCBot(sleekxmpp.ClientXMPP):
    def __init__(self, jid, password, room, nick, message):
        sleekxmpp.ClientXMPP.__init__(self, jid, password)
        self.room = room
        self.nick = nick
        self.add_event_handler("session_start", self.start)
        self.message = message

    def start(self, event):
        self.getRoster()
        self.sendPresence()
        self.plugin['xep_0045'].joinMUC(self.room, self.nick, wait=True)
        self.send_message(mto=self.room, mbody=self.message, mtype='groupchat')
        time.sleep(10)
        self.disconnect()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    op = optparse.OptionParser(usage='%prog [options] your message text')
    op.add_option("-j", "--jid", help="JID to use")
    op.add_option("-n", "--nick", help="MUC nickname")
    op.add_option("-p", "--password", help="password to use")
    op.add_option("-r", "--room", help="MUC room to join")
    opts, args = op.parse_args()

    if None in [opts.jid, opts.nick, opts.password, opts.room] \
       or len(args) < 1:
        op.print_help()
        sys.exit(1)

    xmpp = MUCBot(opts.jid, opts.password, opts.room, opts.nick,
                  " ".join(args))
    xmpp.register_plugin('xep_0030')  # Service Discovery
    xmpp.register_plugin('xep_0045')  # Multi-User Chat
    xmpp.register_plugin('xep_0199')  # XMPP Ping

    if xmpp.connect():
        xmpp.process(threaded=False)
    else:
        print "connect() failed"

不确定，xep_0199 的插件是否真的需要。

【讨论】：

四处寻找，我注意到“jid”必须包含用户名 + 服务器（例如 [e-mail]）。房间是否也需要某种域？我在获取聊天消息时遇到问题。问题可能出在其他地方，但为了澄清是否可以为参数添加示例值。

【参考方案3】：

您可以使用 Gajims remote_control 来完成该任务。您可以在顶部获得 OMEMO-encrpytion 选项。

首先在 Gajim 中的首选项 -> 高级 -> 高级配置编辑器中激活 remote_control。然后重启 Gajim。

现在你可以通过终端发送消息了：

gajim-remote send_groupchat_message [e-mail] 'Hello'

在python中可以使用subprocess，例如：

from subprocess import call
call(gajim-remote send_groupchat_message [e-mail] 'Hello', shell=True)

【参考方案4】：

我第一次使用 python-xmpp，但该软件包在 Ubuntu 20.04 上不再可用，可能是因为它似乎只适用于 Python 2.x。

@user923543 的答案中的 python-sleekxmpp 替代方案现在是 deprecated in favor of Slixmpp, a fork which takes full advantage of Python 3 and asyncio。

在Slixmpp 的文档中，an example application 允许发送单个 XMPP 消息。 这在 Ubuntu 20.04 / Python 3.8 上运行良好，但在 Ubuntu 18.04 / Python 3.6（也不受官方支持）上出现错误。

我在这里复制它以避免陈旧的链接；请注意，即使标题显示 此文件是 Slixmpp 的一部分。，它也不是我安装的软件包的一部分：

#!/usr/bin/env python3

# Slixmpp: The Slick XMPP Library
# Copyright (C) 2010  Nathanael C. Fritz
# This file is part of Slixmpp.
# See the file LICENSE for copying permission.

import logging
from getpass import getpass
from argparse import ArgumentParser

import slixmpp


class SendMsgBot(slixmpp.ClientXMPP):

    """
    A basic Slixmpp bot that will log in, send a message,
    and then log out.
    """

    def __init__(self, jid, password, recipient, message):
        slixmpp.ClientXMPP.__init__(self, jid, password)

        # The message we wish to send, and the JID that
        # will receive it.
        self.recipient = recipient
        self.msg = message

        # The session_start event will be triggered when
        # the bot establishes its connection with the server
        # and the XML streams are ready for use. We want to
        # listen for this event so that we we can initialize
        # our roster.
        self.add_event_handler("session_start", self.start)

    async def start(self, event):
        """
        Process the session_start event.

        Typical actions for the session_start event are
        requesting the roster and broadcasting an initial
        presence stanza.

        Arguments:
            event -- An empty dictionary. The session_start
                     event does not provide any additional
                     data.
        """
        self.send_presence()
        await self.get_roster()

        self.send_message(mto=self.recipient,
                          mbody=self.msg,
                          mtype='chat')

        self.disconnect()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Setup the command line arguments.
    parser = ArgumentParser(description=SendMsgBot.__doc__)

    # Output verbosity options.
    parser.add_argument("-q", "--quiet", help="set logging to ERROR",
                        action="store_const", dest="loglevel",
                        const=logging.ERROR, default=logging.INFO)
    parser.add_argument("-d", "--debug", help="set logging to DEBUG",
                        action="store_const", dest="loglevel",
                        const=logging.DEBUG, default=logging.INFO)

    # JID and password options.
    parser.add_argument("-j", "--jid", dest="jid",
                        help="JID to use")
    parser.add_argument("-p", "--password", dest="password",
                        help="password to use")
    parser.add_argument("-t", "--to", dest="to",
                        help="JID to send the message to")
    parser.add_argument("-m", "--message", dest="message",
                        help="message to send")

    args = parser.parse_args()

    # Setup logging.
    logging.basicConfig(level=args.loglevel,
                        format='%(levelname)-8s %(message)s')

    if args.jid is None:
        args.jid = input("Username: ")
    if args.password is None:
        args.password = getpass("Password: ")
    if args.to is None:
        args.to = input("Send To: ")
    if args.message is None:
        args.message = input("Message: ")

    # Setup the EchoBot and register plugins. Note that while plugins may
    # have interdependencies, the order in which you register them does
    # not matter.
    xmpp = SendMsgBot(args.jid, args.password, args.to, args.message)
    xmpp.register_plugin('xep_0030') # Service Discovery
    xmpp.register_plugin('xep_0199') # XMPP Ping

    # Connect to the XMPP server and start processing XMPP stanzas.
    xmpp.connect()
    xmpp.process(forever=False)