我正在用 OpenGL 编写一个程序来创建一个摆动的钟摆

Posted 2023-02-22

【中文标题】我正在用 OpenGL 编写一个程序来创建一个摆动的钟摆

【英文标题】：I am writing a program in OpenGL to create an oscillating pendulum

【发布时间】：2014-04-23 17:38:20

【问题描述】：

我刚刚计算出旋转，但无法将旋转限制在特定角度。我正在使用 idlefunc 在背景中增加角度 theta。请提出一些替代方案或解决方案，将我的旋转角度限制在 +90 度和 -90 度。这是我的代码：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<GL/freeglut.h>
#include<math.h>
int n=10;
GLfloat v[4][3]=0.0,0.0,1.0,0.0,0.942809,-0.33333,-0.816497,-0.471405,-0.33333,0.816497,-0.471405,-0.333333;
GLfloat a[2][3]=0.0,0.0,-0.333333,0.0,3.0,-0.333333;
void normalize(GLfloat *p)

    double d=0.0;
    int i;
    for(i=0;i<3;i++)
        d+=p[i]*p[i];
    d=sqrt(d);
    if(d>0.0)
        for(i=0;i<3;i++)
            p[i]/=d;

void triangle(GLfloat *a,GLfloat *b,GLfloat *c)

    glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
        glNormal3fv(a);
        glVertex3fv(a); 
        glVertex3fv(b);
        glVertex3fv(c);
    glEnd();

void divide_triangle(GLfloat *a,GLfloat *b,GLfloat *c,int n)

    GLfloat v1[3],v2[3],v3[3];
    int j;
    if(n>0)
    
        for(j=0;j<3;j++)
            v1[j]=a[j]+b[j];
        normalize(v1);
        for(j=0;j<3;j++)
            v2[j]=a[j]+c[j];
        normalize(v2);
        for(j=0;j<3;j++)
            v3[j]=c[j]+b[j];
        normalize(v3);
        divide_triangle(a,v2,v1,n-1);
        divide_triangle(c,v3,v2,n-1);
        divide_triangle(b,v1,v3,n-1);
        divide_triangle(v1,v2,v3,n-1);
    
    else
        triangle(a,b,c);

void tetrahedron(int n)

    divide_triangle(v[0],v[1],v[2],n);
    divide_triangle(v[3],v[2],v[1],n);
    divide_triangle(v[0],v[3],v[1],n);
    divide_triangle(v[0],v[2],v[3],n);

GLfloat theta=0.0;
void display(void)

    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
    glClearColor(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0);
    glBegin(GL_LINES);
        glVertex3fv(a[0]);
        glVertex3fv(a[1]);
    glEnd();
    glColor3f(1.0,0.0,0.0);
    tetrahedron(n);
    glColor3f(0.0,0.0,1.0);
    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
    glLoadIdentity();
    glTranslatef(0.0,+3.0,-0.333333);
    glRotatef(theta,0.0,0.0,1.0);
    glTranslatef(0.0,-3.0,+0.333333);   
    glFlush();

void myReshape(int w,int h)

    glViewport(0,0,w,h);
    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
    glLoadIdentity();
    if(w<=h)
            glOrtho(-4.0,4.0,-4.0*(GLfloat)h/(GLfloat)w,4.0*(GLfloat)h/(GLfloat)w,-20.0,20.0);
    else
            glOrtho(-4.0*(GLfloat)w/(GLfloat)h,4.0*(GLfloat)w/(GLfloat)h,-4.0,4.0,-20.0,20.0);
    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

void oscillate()

theta+=2.0;
glutPostRedisplay()

void main(int argc,char** argv)

    glutInit(&argc,argv);
    glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB|GLUT_DEPTH);
    glutInitWindowSize(1366,768);
    glutCreateWindow("Pendulum");
    glutReshapeFunc(myReshape);
    glutDisplayFunc(display);
    glutIdleFunc(oscillate);
    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
    glutMainLoop();
 

【参考方案1】：

又快又脏：

void oscillate()

    static float direction = 1.0f;
    if( theta > 90.0f )
        direction = -1.0f;
    if( theta < -90.0f )
        direction = 1.0f;

    theta += 2.0 * direction;
    glutPostRedisplay()

【讨论】：

完美！谢谢，这真的很有帮助。我也需要让钟摆旋转得更快，你能帮我解决这个问题吗？