winsock编译错误,找不到addrinfo结构和一些相关函数

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【中文标题】winsock编译错误,找不到addrinfo结构和一些相关函数【英文标题】:winsock compiling error, it cant find the addrinfo structures and some relating functions 【发布时间】:2010-11-22 06:56:58 【问题描述】:

我刚刚开始通过“Beej 网络编程指南”一书开始学习winsock。我在windows下编程并通过gcc运行它。这只是编写我的第一个服务器程序的开始,但是当我尝试编译时它给了我这些错误。

/* Server */
#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
using namespace std;

const int winsockVersion = 2;
#define BACKLOG 10
#define PORT 3000


int main(void)

    WSADATA wsadata;
    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(winsockVersion,0),&wsadata) == 0)


        struct addrinfo hints, *res;

        memset(&hints,0,sizeof hints);
        hints.ai_family = AF_INET;
        hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
        hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;

        if ( getaddrinfo(NULL,PORT,&hints,&res) == 0 )
            cout<<"-Call to get addrinfo successful!." << endl;
        

        cout<<"res af_family" << res->ai_family << endl;
    




    //clear stuff
    if( WSACleanup() != 0)
        cout<<"-WSACleanup unsuccessful" << endl;
    else
        cout<<"-WSACleanup successful" << endl;
    


    return 0;

这些是我收到的错误

g++ -o server.exe server.cpp -lws2_32
Process started >>>
server.cpp: In function `int main()':
server.cpp:20: error: aggregate `addrinfo hints' has incomplete type and cannot be defined
server.cpp:25: error: `AI_PASSIVE' was not declared in this scope
server.cpp:27: error: `getaddrinfo' was not declared in this scope
server.cpp:31: error: invalid use of undefined type `struct addrinfo'
server.cpp:20: error: forward declaration of `struct addrinfo'
server.cpp:54:2: warning: no newline at end of file
<<< Process finished.

结构和函数不应该在windows.h或winsock.h中定义吗?

解决方案

编辑 对于任何偶然发现此问题的人,请添加

#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x501
#include <ws2tcpip.h>

如果 getaddrinfo 说它未声明,则在源代码的顶部。

【问题讨论】:

嘿,感谢#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x501 为我节省了一些麻烦:) 我在Win7,VS2015上,到目前为止我还没有添加#define语句,但是需要添加#include语句。我的构建环境可能有点奇怪,因为我正在使用一组旧库。 【参考方案1】:

您可能想#include &lt;ws2tcpip.h&gt;。请记住,在 Stack Overflow 之前,Google 是您这类问题的朋友:您将立即从 MSDN 获得答案!

【讨论】:

谢谢,但由于某种原因它仍然看不到 getaddrinfo? 需要加#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x501,显然getaddrinfo有不同的版本。 让我们将这个细节添加到这个答案中,而不是问题中,嗯?【参考方案2】:

MSDN 说我们应该#include &lt;ws2tcpip.h&gt;,但在ws2tcpip.h 我发现了这段代码:

#if (_WIN32_WINNT >= _WIN32_WINNT_WINXP)
/**
 * For WIN2K the user includes wspiapi.h for these functions.
 */
void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo (struct addrinfo*);
int WSAAPI getaddrinfo (const char*,const char*,const struct addrinfo*,
                struct addrinfo**);
int WSAAPI getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr*,socklen_t,char*,DWORD,
           char*,DWORD,int);
#endif /* (_WIN32_WINNT >= _WIN32_WINNT_WINXP) */

这意味着_WIN32_WINNT 的定义低于_WIN32_WINNT_WINXP,但是当我尝试包含wspiapi.h 时,我得到了"no such file or directory"。我的猜测是,这是 MinGW 的错误,库的不同部分的版本不一致。 你必须自己#define _WIN32_WINNT _WIN32_WINNT_WINXP,然后才能包含ws2tcpip.h

【讨论】:

【参考方案3】:

当心!您的包含错误。问题是windows.h 已经包含winsock.hwinsock2.h 然后重新定义了一些结构和函数导致大量编译错误。将windows.h 包含在winsock2.h 包含下方,或者干脆将windows.h 包含删除,winsock2.h 包含windows.h

【讨论】:

Windows.h 包含winsock.h,要使用winsock2,需要使用#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN 语句。 WinSock2 的代码与 winsock.h 不兼容。因此,为了使用 windows.h 和 WInSock2.h,请使用#define。本页中间有一个注释,更详细地讨论了这一点:msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/…【参考方案4】:

我能够让它与以下包含、编译指示和定义一起使用...

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

Microsoft 文章中显示了此答案的必要包含列表: Winsock Includes

【讨论】:

【参考方案5】:

这对我有用:

#include <winsock2.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#define DEFAULT_PORT 80

void error_die(const char *s)

    fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s failed with error %d\n", s, WSAGetLastError());
    WSACleanup();
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);


int main(int argc, char **argv)

    char response[] = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
    "Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n"
    "<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Hello World</title></head>"
    "<body><h1>Hello world!</h1></body></html>\r\n";

    char buf[4096];
    int msg_len, addr_len;
    struct sockaddr_in local, client_addr;

    SOCKET sock, msg_sock;
    WSADATA wsaData;

    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) == SOCKET_ERROR)
    
        fprintf(stderr, "WSAStartup failed with error %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        WSACleanup();
        return -1;
    

    // Fill in the address structure
    local.sin_family        = AF_INET;
    local.sin_addr.s_addr   = INADDR_ANY;
    local.sin_port          = htons(DEFAULT_PORT);

    sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);  //TCP socket

    if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET)
        error_die("socket()");

    if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&local, sizeof(local)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
        error_die("bind()");

    if (listen(sock, 5) == SOCKET_ERROR)   // wait for connection
        error_die("listen()");

    printf("Waiting for connection...\n");

    while (1)
    
        addr_len = sizeof(client_addr);
        msg_sock = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &addr_len);

        if (msg_sock == INVALID_SOCKET || msg_sock == -1)
            error_die("accept()");

        printf("Accepted connection from %s, port %d\n", inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr), htons(client_addr.sin_port));

        msg_len = recv(msg_sock, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);

        printf("Bytes Received: %d, message: %s from %s\n", msg_len, buf, inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr));

        msg_len = send(msg_sock, response, sizeof(response)-1 , 0);

        if (msg_len == SOCKET_ERROR)
            error_die("send()");

        if (!msg_len)
        
            printf("Client closed connection\n");
            closesocket(msg_sock);
            WSACleanup();
            return -1;
        

        closesocket(msg_sock);
    

    WSACleanup();
    

【讨论】:

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