带有 Visual Studio Code 的 FLTK 库

Posted 2023-02-21

【中文标题】带有 Visual Studio Code 的 FLTK 库

【英文标题】：FLTK library with Visual Studio Code

【发布时间】：2020-08-28 12:34:44

【问题描述】：

我正在尝试为编程原理和实践中的第 12 章安装 FLTK 库， 但无法识别构建命令。我该怎么办？谢谢！

PS D:\3. Programming\C++\GUI\fltk-1.3.5> make
make : The term 'make' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path 
was included, verify that the path is correct and try again.
At line:1 char:1
+ make
+ ~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : ObjectNotFound: (make:String) [], CommandNotFoundException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : CommandNotFoundException

【参考方案1】：

我通常对 Makefile 感觉更舒服，所以我设置了 VS Code 以在我的项目中使用 Makefile。我在安装 FLTK 后做了以下步骤。

我创建了一个目录，其中包含我所有的源文件、头文件等。假设我有一个FLTK_ex 文件夹，其中包含hello.cpp 及其Makefile

我打开 VS Code，然后 File->Open 并选择文件夹 FLTK_ex

从Terminal 菜单中，我选择Configure Default Build Task...：在出现的菜单中，我选择Create tasks.json file from template，然后选择Others

出现一个默认的json文件，我修改为

"version": "2.0.0",
"tasks": [
    
        "label": "Build",
        "type": "shell",
        "command": "Make",
        "problemMatcher": [],
        "group": 
            "kind": "build",
            "isDefault": true
        
    
]

要编译，请转到Terminal 菜单并选择Run Build Task...

要运行程序，请在Run 菜单中选择Run without debugging、C++

出现launch.json文件：修改为（其中myprogram是可执行文件名）

 

 "version": "0.2.0",
 "configurations": [
    
        "name": "(lldb) Launch",
        "type": "cppdbg",
        "request": "launch",
        "program": "$workspaceFolder/myprogram",
        "args": [],
        "stopAtEntry": false,
        "cwd": "$workspaceFolder",
        "environment": [],
        "externalConsole": false,
        "MIMode": "lldb"
    
    ]

为了有效地运行程序，在Run菜单中再次选择Run without debugging。

我有 FLTK 1.3.5、macOS Catalina 10.15.5、clang 版本 11.0.3、VS Code 1.47。

---

为了在 VS Code 中使用 FLTK，我只是按照说明（Readme.OSX.txt）简单地安装 FLTK 库，Windows 系统有一个类似的文件（README.MSWindows.txt）。

为FLTK 编写Makefile 的准则是here，如果您需要更多关于Makefiles 的见解，您可以找到完整指南here 或更简短的介绍here。

---

【讨论】：

感谢 Eddymage 的回答...您能否解释一下如何在 VS Code 中安装 FLTK 以及如何制作 Makefile？我在 CMake 和 Make 之间徘徊，试图找出使用哪一个……对于更简单的项目，Make 确实是一个更好的选择。非常感谢！

@Theodore，是的，我在回答中添加了更多信息：我希望它们有用。

【参考方案2】：

您尚未指定您使用的 Visual Studio 版本。

转到 IDE 目录，查找您的 Visual Studio 版本，然后查找 fltk 解决方案。在 Visual Studio 中启动解决方案。 默认情况下，每当您从发行版启动 FLTK 解决方案时，解决方案配置都是 Debug Cairo。将此更改为调试或发布 检查启动项目 - 它应该是名为 Demo 的项目。 开始构建 - 它也应该构建所有测试可执行文件。

【讨论】：

感谢杯，但我要的是 VS Code 而不是 VS...这是最新的 Visual Studio Code Insiders...

【参考方案3】：

<p>This works for me.</p>
<p>Watch the library list. -X11 has to be before -lfltk</p>
<p>Not sure about the tabs, but leave them in.</p>
<h2>c_cpp_properties.json</h2>

<pre><code>

    "env": 
        "myDefaultIncludePath": [
            "$workspaceFolder",
            "$workspaceFolder/include"
        ],
        "myCompilerPath": "/usr/bin/g++"
    ,
    "configurations": [
        
            "name": "include paths",
            "intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-x64",
            "includePath": [

                "/usr/include/cairo",
                "/usr/include/glib-2.0", 
                "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include",
                "/usr/include/pixman-1",
                "/usr/include/uuid",
                "/usr/include/freetype2", 
                "/usr/include/libpng16",
                "/usr/include/freetype2",
                "/usr/include/libpng16",
                "/usr/include/cairo",
                "/usr/include/glib-2.0", 
                "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include",
                "/usr/include/pixman-1",
                "/usr/include/uuid",
                "/usr/include/freetype2",
                "/usr/include/libpng16"

            ],
            "compilerPath": "/usr/bin/g++",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "browse": 
                "path": [
                    "$workspaceFolder"
                ],
                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
                "databaseFilename": ""
            
        
    ],
    "version": 4

<p></p>

</code></pre><p></p>

<h2>launch.json</h2>

<pre><code>

    
        // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
        // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
        // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
        "version": "0.2.0",
        "configurations": [
    
            
                "name": "debug with gdb (no build)",
                "type": "cppdbg",
                "request": "launch",
                "program": "$fileDirname/$fileBasenameNoExtension",
                "args": [],
                "stopAtEntry": false,
                "cwd": "$workspaceFolder",
                "environment": [],
                "externalConsole": false,
                "MIMode": "gdb",
                "setupCommands": [
                    
                        "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                        "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                        "ignoreFailures": true
                    
                ],
                "preLaunchTask": "",
                "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb"
            
        ]
      


</code></pre>

<h2>tasks.json</h2>

<pre><code>
    
        "version":"2.0.0",
        "type": "shell",
        "label": "gcc debug build active file - with GTK",
        "command": "/usr/bin/g++",
        "args": [          
            "-g",
    
                  "-pthread",
                  "-I/usr/include/cairo",
                  "-I/usr/include/glib-2.0", 
                  "-I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include",
                  "-I/usr/include/pixman-1",
                  "-I/usr/include/uuid",
                  "-I/usr/include/freetype2", 
                  "-I/usr/include/libpng16",
                  "-I/usr/include/freetype2",
                  "-I/usr/include/libpng16",
                  "-I/usr/include/cairo",
                  "-I/usr/include/glib-2.0", 
                  "-I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include",
                  "-I/usr/include/pixman-1",
                  "-I/usr/include/uuid",
                  "-I/usr/include/freetype2",
                  "-I/usr/include/libpng16",
    
            "$file",
                  "-lX11",
                  "-lm",
                  "-lfltk",
                  "-Wall",
                  "-o",
                  "$fileDirname/$fileBasenameNoExtension"
        ],
        "options": 
            "cwd": "/usr/bin"
        ,
        "problemMatcher": [
            "$gcc"
        ],
        "group": 
            "kind": "build",
            "isDefault": true
        
           
</code></pre>

【讨论】：

代码示例或修改后的代码应包含对您为解决问题所做的更改的描述。