如何在嵌套案例类中查找和修改字段?
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【中文标题】如何在嵌套案例类中查找和修改字段?【英文标题】:How to find and modify field in nested case classes? 【发布时间】:2016-01-28 03:55:21 【问题描述】:定义了一些带有List
字段的嵌套案例类:
@Lenses("_") case class Version(version: Int, content: String)
@Lenses("_") case class Doc(path: String, versions: List[Version])
@Lenses("_") case class Project(name: String, docs: List[Doc])
@Lenses("_") case class Workspace(projects: List[Project])
还有一个示例workspace
:
val workspace = Workspace(List(
Project("scala", List(
Doc("src/a.scala", List(Version(1, "a11"), Version(2, "a22"))),
Doc("src/b.scala", List(Version(1, "b11"), Version(2, "b22"))))),
Project("java", List(
Doc("src/a.java", List(Version(1, "a11"), Version(2, "a22"))),
Doc("src/b.java", List(Version(1, "b11"), Version(2, "b22"))))),
Project("javascript", List(
Doc("src/a.js", List(Version(1, "a11"), Version(2, "a22"))),
Doc("src/b.js", List(Version(1, "b11"), Version(2, "b22")))))
))
现在我想写一个这样的方法,将新的version
添加到doc
:
def addNewVersion(workspace: Workspace, projectName: String, docPath: String, version: Version): Workspace =
???
我会被如下使用:
val newWorkspace = addNewVersion(workspace, "scala", "src/b.scala", Version(3, "b33"))
println(newWorkspace == Workspace(List(
Project("scala", List(
Doc("src/a.scala", List(Version(1, "a11"), Version(2, "a22"))),
Doc("src/b.scala", List(Version(1, "b11"), Version(2, "b22"), Version(3, "b33"))))),
Project("java", List(
Doc("src/a.java", List(Version(1, "a11"), Version(2, "a22"))),
Doc("src/b.java", List(Version(1, "b11"), Version(2, "b22"))))),
Project("javascript", List(
Doc("src/a.js", List(Version(1, "a11"), Version(2, "a22"))),
Doc("src/b.js", List(Version(1, "b11"), Version(2, "b22")))))
)))
我不确定如何以优雅的方式实现它。我尝试使用monocle,但它没有提供filter
或find
。我尴尬的解决方案是:
def addNewVersion(workspace: Workspace, projectName: String, docPath: String, version: Version): Workspace =
(_projects composeTraversal each).modify(project =>
if (project.name == projectName)
(_docs composeTraversal each).modify(doc =>
if (doc.path == docPath)
_versions.modify(_ ::: List(version))(doc)
else doc
)(project)
else project
)(workspace)
有没有更好的解决方案? (可以使用任何库,不仅仅是monocle
)
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:我只是用eachWhere
方法扩展Quicklens 来处理这种情况,这个特殊的方法看起来像这样:
import com.softwaremill.quicklens._
def addNewVersion(workspace: Workspace, projectName: String, docPath: String, version: Version): Workspace =
workspace
.modify(_.projects.eachWhere(_.name == projectName)
.docs.eachWhere(_.path == docPath).versions)
.using(vs => version :: vs)
【讨论】:
【参考方案2】:我们可以很好地使用光学实现addNewVersion
,但有一个问题:
import monocle._
import monocle.macros.Lenses
import monocle.function._
import monocle.std.list._
import Workspace._, Project._, Doc._
def select[S](p: S => Boolean): Prism[S, S] =
Prism[S, S](s => if(p(s)) Some(s) else None)(identity)
def workspaceToVersions(projectName: String, docPath: String): Traversal[Workspace, List[Version]] =
_projects composeTraversal each composePrism select(_.name == projectName) composeLens
_docs composeTraversal each composePrism select(_.path == docPath) composeLens
_versions
def addNewVersion(workspace: Workspace, projectName: String, docPath: String, version: Version): Workspace =
workspaceToVersions(projectName, docPath).modify(_ :+ version)(workspace)
这会起作用,但您可能已经注意到select
Prism
的使用,Monocle 没有提供它。这是因为select
不满足Traversal
法律规定所有t
、t.modify(f) compose t.modify(g) == t.modify(f compose g)
。
反例是:
val negative: Prism[Int, Int] = select[Int](_ < 0)
(negative.modify(_ + 1) compose negative.modify(_ - 1))(-1) == 0
但是,select
在workspaceToVersions
中的使用是完全有效的,因为我们过滤了我们修改的不同字段。所以我们不能使谓词无效。
【讨论】:
【参考方案3】:您可以使用 Monocle 的 Index
类型来使您的解决方案更简洁、更通用。
import monocle._, monocle.function.Index, monocle.function.all.index
def indexListBy[A, B, I](l: Lens[A, List[B]])(f: B => I): Index[A, I, B] =
new Index[A, I, B]
def index(i: I): Optional[A, B] = l.composeOptional(
Optional((_: List[B]).find(a => f(a) == i))(newA => as =>
as.map
case a if f(a) == i => newA
case a => a
)
)
implicit val projectNameIndex: Index[Workspace, String, Project] =
indexListBy(Workspace._projects)(_.name)
implicit val docPathIndex: Index[Project, String, Doc] =
indexListBy(Project._docs)(_.path)
这说明:我知道如何使用字符串(名称)在工作区中查找项目,并通过字符串(路径)在项目中查找文档。您也可以将Index
实例放在Index[List[Project], String, Project]
之类的实例中,但由于您不拥有List
,因此这可能并不理想。
接下来,您可以定义一个Optional
,它结合了两个查找:
def docLens(projectName: String, docPath: String): Optional[Workspace, Doc] =
index[Workspace, String, Project](projectName).composeOptional(index(docPath))
然后你的方法:
def addNewVersion(
workspace: Workspace,
projectName: String,
docPath: String,
version: Version
): Workspace =
docLens(projectName, docPath).modify(doc =>
doc.copy(versions = doc.versions :+ version)
)(workspace)
你就完成了。这并不比您的实现更简洁,但它由更易于组合的部分组成。
【讨论】:
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