无法在 Windows 10 和 Python 3.7 上安装 dlib
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【中文标题】无法在 Windows 10 和 Python 3.7 上安装 dlib【英文标题】：Not able to install dlib on Windows 10 and Python 3.7 【发布时间】：2020-02-19 23:23:06 【问题描述】：我正在尝试在 Anaconda Python 3.7 上的 Windows 10 上安装 OpenCV、dlib。
我已经安装了 Visual Studio 2015 作为先决条件以及 CMake。当我尝试在我的计算机上安装 dlib 时，它给了我以下错误。我也无法安装OpenCV。我尝试使用 .whl 文件安装 dlib。但是，仍然没有运气。
Collecting dlib
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1e/62/aacb236d21fbd08148b1d517d58a9d80ea31bdcd386d26f21f8b23b1eb28/dlib-19.18.0.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: dlib
Building wheel for dlib (setup.py) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: 'C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d 'C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-wheel-2nm313mu' --python-tag cp37
cwd: C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\
Complete output (73 lines):
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
package init file 'dlib\__init__.py' not found (or not a regular file)
running build_ext
Building extension for Python 3.7.4 (default, Aug 9 2019, 18:34:13) [MSC v.1915 64 bit (AMD64)]
Invoking CMake setup: 'cmake C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\tools\python -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\lib.win-amd64-3.7 -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\python.exe -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE=C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\lib.win-amd64-3.7 -A x64'
-- Building for: Visual Studio 14 2015
-- Selecting Windows SDK version to target Windows 10.0.17763.
CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:3 (project):
Failed to run MSBuild command:
C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/14.0/bin/MSBuild.exe
to get the value of VCTargetsPath:
Microsoft (R) Build Engine version 14.0.25420.1
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Build started 10/23/2019 9:27:01 AM.
Project "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj" on node 1 (default targets).
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\V140\Platforms\x64\PlatformToolsets\v140\Toolset.targets(36,5): error MSB8036: The Windows SDK version 8.1 was not found. Install the required version of Windows SDK or change the SDK version in the project property pages or by right-clicking the solution and selecting "Retarget solution". [C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj]
Done Building Project "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj" (default targets) -- FAILED.
Build FAILED.
"C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj" (default target) (1) ->
(Desktop_PlatformPrepareForBuild target) ->
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\V140\Platforms\x64\PlatformToolsets\v140\Toolset.targets(36,5): error MSB8036: The Windows SDK version 8.1 was not found. Install the required version of Windows SDK or change the SDK version in the project property pages or by right-clicking the solution and selecting "Retarget solution". [C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj]
0 Warning(s)
1 Error(s)
Time Elapsed 00:00:00.51
Exit code: 1
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "C:/Users/dbi227/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-9vjrsx_l/dlib/build/temp.win-amd64-3.7/Release/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\setup.py", line 261, in <module>
'Topic :: Software Development',
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 145, in setup
return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\site-packages\wheel\bdist_wheel.py", line 192, in run
self.run_command('build')
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\command\build.py", line 135, in run
self.run_command(cmd_name)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\setup.py", line 135, in run
self.build_extension(ext)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\setup.py", line 172, in build_extension
subprocess.check_call(cmake_setup, cwd=build_folder)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\subprocess.py", line 347, in check_call
raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['cmake', 'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\tools\\python', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\build\\lib.win-amd64-3.7', '-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\opencv-env\\python.exe', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE=C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\build\\lib.win-amd64-3.7', '-A', 'x64']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for dlib
Running setup.py clean for dlib
Failed to build dlib
Installing collected packages: dlib
Running setup.py install for dlib ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: 'C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-3ic8n66v\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --compile
cwd: C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\
Complete output (75 lines):
running install
running build
running build_py
package init file 'dlib\__init__.py' not found (or not a regular file)
running build_ext
Building extension for Python 3.7.4 (default, Aug 9 2019, 18:34:13) [MSC v.1915 64 bit (AMD64)]
Invoking CMake setup: 'cmake C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\tools\python -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\lib.win-amd64-3.7 -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\python.exe -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE=C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\lib.win-amd64-3.7 -A x64'
-- Building for: Visual Studio 14 2015
-- Selecting Windows SDK version to target Windows 10.0.17763.
CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:3 (project):
Failed to run MSBuild command:
C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/14.0/bin/MSBuild.exe
to get the value of VCTargetsPath:
Microsoft (R) Build Engine version 14.0.25420.1
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Build started 10/23/2019 9:27:03 AM.
Project "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj" on node 1 (default targets).
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\V140\Platforms\x64\PlatformToolsets\v140\Toolset.targets(36,5): error MSB8036: The Windows SDK version 8.1 was not found. Install the required version of Windows SDK or change the SDK version in the project property pages or by right-clicking the solution and selecting "Retarget solution". [C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj]
Done Building Project "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj" (default targets) -- FAILED.
Build FAILED.
"C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj" (default target) (1) ->
(Desktop_PlatformPrepareForBuild target) ->
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\V140\Platforms\x64\PlatformToolsets\v140\Toolset.targets(36,5): error MSB8036: The Windows SDK version 8.1 was not found. Install the required version of Windows SDK or change the SDK version in the project property pages or by right-clicking the solution and selecting "Retarget solution". [C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\CMakeFiles\3.15.3\VCTargetsPath.vcxproj]
0 Warning(s)
1 Error(s)
Time Elapsed 00:00:00.10
Exit code: 1
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "C:/Users/dbi227/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-9vjrsx_l/dlib/build/temp.win-amd64-3.7/Release/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\setup.py", line 261, in <module>
'Topic :: Software Development',
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 145, in setup
return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\install.py", line 61, in run
return orig.install.run(self)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\command\install.py", line 545, in run
self.run_command('build')
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\command\build.py", line 135, in run
self.run_command(cmd_name)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\setup.py", line 135, in run
self.build_extension(ext)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\dlib\setup.py", line 172, in build_extension
subprocess.check_call(cmake_setup, cwd=build_folder)
File "C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\lib\subprocess.py", line 347, in check_call
raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['cmake', 'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\tools\\python', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\build\\lib.win-amd64-3.7', '-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\opencv-env\\python.exe', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE=C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\build\\lib.win-amd64-3.7', '-A', 'x64']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\opencv-env\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\dbi227\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-9vjrsx_l\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\dbi227\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-3ic8n66v\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --compile Check the logs for full command output.
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：您可以通过此处提供的 .whl 文件之一安装 dlib：https://pypi.org/simple/dlib/
例如，如果您想为 Windows 64 位版本和 Python 3.6 安装 dlib，请下载此dlib-19.8.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl
并安装它
使用
pip3 install dlib-19.8.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl
注意：请相应地验证 Python 版本和操作系统。
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：我遇到了这个包的 anaconda 频道的问题。 anaconda 的当前版本需要 Python
我使用 pip 通道而不是 anaconda。由
pip install dlib
在通过 pip 安装之前，请确保您使用的是当前环境 pip by
which pip
这应该输出类似 /home/user_name/anaconda3/envs/env_name/bin/pip
【讨论】：
【参考方案3】：无需将 Python 降级到 3.6.x
在 Windows 上执行此操作的最佳方法（如果您发现安装所有巨大的 Visual Studio 只是为了构建 dlib 太过分了——我觉得如此），是在 conda 中创建另一个环境，然后安装 dlib。为什么？因为我们需要为 Windows 预构建的 wheel (whl) 文件：
conda install -c conda-forge dlib
并且触发环境检查/依赖检查等，软件包将被升级/降级/删除/等，并且很可能会对您的基础环境产生不必要的影响。因此，当我们遇到包冲突时，创建环境将使您免于头痛。 conda 将为您管理依赖项。
【讨论】：
【参考方案4】：你需要编译它。安装 Visual Studio 2019 和 CMake。
然后转到你的 dlib 文件夹，打开终端并使用命令
python3 setup.py sdist bdist_wheel
它将加载大量文本，然后您的 dist 文件夹中将有一个 wheel 文件。确保您的 Python 3.7.2 对应于 dlib version。
最后，你只需要pip install cp37.whl
【讨论】：
【参考方案5】：我尝试了很多方法来使用最新版本的 Anaconda，即 Python 3.7。但是，我无法这样做。因为没有一个 .whl 文件与 Python 3.7 兼容，而是与 Python 3.6 兼容。所以，我跟着the link 将 Python 版本降级到 3.6。这样 spyder 和 Python 将被降级到 3.6 版本。完成后，我使用以下命令安装了 OpenCV。
pip install opencv-python
pip install opencv-contrib-python
我使用以下命令安装了 dlib。
pip install dlib-19.8.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl
这样就成功安装了最新版本的dlib。
为了检查一切是否安装正确，我使用的命令和我在 Anaconda 提示符下得到的输出如下。
(py36) C:\Users\dbi227> python
Python 3.6.9 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Jul 30 2019, 14:00:49) [MSC v.1915 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>> cv2.__version__
'4.1.1'
>>> import dlib
>>> dlib.__version__
'19.8.1'
检查您的 iPython 安装是否也降级到 3.6 很重要。为此，我在开始选项中除了 spyder(anaconda3) 之外还有一个选项 spyder(py36)。确保单击 spyder(py36)。因为那是安装库的地方。要检查它，您只需键入：
import cv2
import dlib
如果这些命令没有显示任何错误，则说明库已正确安装。
【讨论】：
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