如何为 GTK3 配置 VSCode 以进行智能感知/构建/调试和 g++

Posted 2023-02-15

【中文标题】如何为 GTK3 配置 VSCode 以进行智能感知/构建/调试和 g++

【英文标题】：How to configure VSCode for GTK3 for intellisense / build / debug and g++

【发布时间】：2020-03-04 05:11:35

【问题描述】：

我正在使用

g++ GTK3 VSCode

我如何使以下工作：

gtk 的智能感知/代码完成 在 VSCode 中构建 使用 VSCode 进行调试

问题：

VSCode 找不到包含 - 特别是 #include <gtk/gtk.h> 在源代码中是红色的。

【参考方案1】：

需要注意的重要一点是，您需要告诉 VSCode 包含路径和编译器标志才能正常工作。

第一步：在VSCode中打开目标文件夹。 现在你应该有一个新的隐藏文件夹.vscode。打开它。 您希望将pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0 和pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0 的输出应用到它们各自的配置中。

使智能感知/代码完成工作

创建文件.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json。

添加以下内容。

    "env": 
        "myDefaultIncludePath": [
            "$workspaceFolder",
            "$workspaceFolder/include"
        ],
        "myCompilerPath": "/usr/local/bin/g++"
    ,
    "configurations": [
        
            "name": "include paths",
            "intelliSenseMode": "g++-8",
            "includePath": [

                "/usr/include/gtk-3.0",
                "/usr/include/at-spi2-atk/2.0",
                "/usr/include/at-spi-2.0",
                "/usr/include/dbus-1.0",
                "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dbus-1.0/include",
                "/usr/include/gtk-3.0",
                "/usr/include/gio-unix-2.0",
                "/usr/include/cairo",
                "/usr/include/libdrm",
                "/usr/include/pango-1.0",
                "/usr/include/harfbuzz",
                "/usr/include/pango-1.0",
                "/usr/include/fribidi",
                "/usr/include/atk-1.0",
                "/usr/include/cairo",
                "/usr/include/pixman-1",
                "/usr/include/freetype2",
                "/usr/include/libpng16",
                "/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0",
                "/usr/include/libmount",
                "/usr/include/blkid",
                "/usr/include/uuid",
                "/usr/include/glib-2.0",
                "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include"

            ],
            "compilerPath": "/usr/local/bin/g++",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "browse": 
                "path": [
                    "$workspaceFolder"
                ],
                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
                "databaseFilename": ""
            
        
    ],
    "version": 4

注意，“includePath”的内容是pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0 的输出，没有前面的-Is 并且带有双引号和逗号。 您可能需要根据机器的输出调整值

让建筑工作

您想在.vscode/tasks.json 中创建一个新任务，内容如下：

    
      "type": "shell",
      "label": "gcc debug build active file - with GTK",
      "command": "/usr/bin/gcc",
      "args": [          
          "-g",

                "-pthread",
                "-I/usr/include/gtk-3.0",
                "-I/usr/include/at-spi2-atk/2.0",
                "-I/usr/include/at-spi-2.0",
                "-I/usr/include/dbus-1.0",
                "-I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dbus-1.0/include",
                "-I/usr/include/gtk-3.0",
                "-I/usr/include/gio-unix-2.0",
                "-I/usr/include/cairo",
                "-I/usr/include/libdrm",
                "-I/usr/include/pango-1.0",
                "-I/usr/include/harfbuzz",
                "-I/usr/include/pango-1.0",
                "-I/usr/include/fribidi",
                "-I/usr/include/atk-1.0",
                "-I/usr/include/cairo",
                "-I/usr/include/pixman-1",
                "-I/usr/include/freetype2",
                "-I/usr/include/libpng16",
                "-I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0",
                "-I/usr/include/libmount",
                "-I/usr/include/blkid",
                "-I/usr/include/uuid",
                "-I/usr/include/glib-2.0",
                "-I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include",

          "$file",

                "-lgtk-3",
                "-lgdk-3",
                "-lpangocairo-1.0",
                "-lpango-1.0",
                "-latk-1.0",
                "-lcairo-gobject",
                "-lcairo",
                "-lgdk_pixbuf-2.0",
                "-lgio-2.0",
                "-lgobject-2.0",
                "-lglib-2.0",

          "-o",
          "$fileDirname/$fileBasenameNoExtension"
      ],
      "options": 
          "cwd": "/usr/bin"
      ,
      "problemMatcher": [
          "$gcc"
      ],
      "group": 
          "kind": "build",
          "isDefault": true
      
     

注意args 中另外两个缩进部分。 顶部的又是pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0 的输出。 （不过这次是-Is。） 底部是pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0 的输出（引用和commated） 您可能还需要根据计算机上命令的实际输出来调整这些值

进行调试

您想在.vscode/launch.json 文件中创建一个新的配置。在我的设置中 vscode 一直使用错误的配置，所以我删除了其他的。以下是文件的完整内容，只有一个配置。

    
      // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
      // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
      // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
      "version": "0.2.0",
      "configurations": [

          
              "name": "debug with gdb (no build)",
              "type": "cppdbg",
              "request": "launch",
              "program": "$fileDirname/$fileBasenameNoExtension",
              "args": [],
              "stopAtEntry": false,
              "cwd": "$workspaceFolder",
              "environment": [],
              "externalConsole": false,
              "MIMode": "gdb",
              "setupCommands": [
                  
                      "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                      "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                      "ignoreFailures": true
                  
              ],
              "preLaunchTask": "",
              "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb"
          
      ]
    

【讨论】：

我想知道你是否可以直接从tasks.json 调用pkg-config。如果可以，您应该这样做，而不是手动指定标志。

或许，以某种方式有可能。如果有人知道如何更新答案，我很高兴:)

我试过了，但它包含了从 pkgconfig 输出的整个参数，单引号，因此编译器将它作为一个完整的选项，而不是一堆选项。