Android - 如何更改导航抽屉中的片段
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【中文标题】Android - 如何更改导航抽屉中的片段【英文标题】：Android - How to change fragments in the Navigation Drawer 【发布时间】：2014-07-23 06:12:11 【问题描述】：我对 android 编程还很陌生，但到目前为止一直做得很好。我已经阅读了很多关于这个问题的答案，但似乎无法让我的工作。基本上我所拥有的是一个带有导航抽屉的 MainActivity。我有两个片段使用相应的片段布局 xmls 正确初始化。目前我可以在应用程序启动时显示我的第一个片段，当我点击抽屉中的每个项目时，标题会发生变化；但是，片段保持不变。有什么建议？我认为相关的代码如下（未显示的是 NavigationDrawerFragment.java 的代码以及 Eclipse 自动构建的必要代码）。提前致谢！
public class MainActivity extends Activity
implements NavigationDrawerFragment.NavigationDrawerCallbacks
/**
* Fragment managing the behaviors, interactions and presentation of the navigation drawer.
*/
private NavigationDrawerFragment mNavigationDrawerFragment;
/**
* Used to store the last screen title. For use in @link #restoreActionBar().
*/
private CharSequence mTitle;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mNavigationDrawerFragment = (NavigationDrawerFragment)
getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.navigation_drawer);
mTitle = getTitle();
// Set up the drawer.
mNavigationDrawerFragment.setUp(
R.id.navigation_drawer,
(DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout));
@Override
public void onNavigationDrawerItemSelected(int position)
// update the main content by replacing fragments
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.replace(R.id.content_frame, PlaceholderFragment.newInstance(position + 1))
.commit();
public void onSectionAttached(int number)
switch (number)
case 1:
mTitle = getString(R.string.title_home);
break;
case 2:
mTitle = getString(R.string.title_infodirect);
break;
case 3:
mTitle = getString(R.string.title_trailmap);
break;
case 4:
mTitle = getString(R.string.title_poi);
break;
case 5:
mTitle = getString(R.string.title_photomap);
break;
case 6:
mTitle = getString(R.string.title_report);
break;
case 7:
mTitle = getString(R.string.title_rulesreg);
public void restoreActionBar()
ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
actionBar.setNavigationMode(ActionBar.NAVIGATION_MODE_STANDARD);
actionBar.setDisplayShowTitleEnabled(true);
actionBar.setTitle(mTitle);
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu)
if (!mNavigationDrawerFragment.isDrawerOpen())
// Only show items in the action bar relevant to this screen
// if the drawer is not showing. Otherwise, let the drawer
// decide what to show in the action bar.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.overview, menu);
restoreActionBar();
return true;
return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)
// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
int id = item.getItemId();
if (id == R.id.action_settings)
return true;
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
/**
* A placeholder fragment containing a simple view.
*/
public static class PlaceholderFragment extends Fragment
/**
* The fragment argument representing the section number for this
* fragment.
*/
private static final String ARG_SECTION_NUMBER = "section_number";
/**
* Returns a new instance of this fragment for the given section
* number.
*/
public static PlaceholderFragment newInstance(int sectionNumber)
PlaceholderFragment fragment = new PlaceholderFragment();
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER, sectionNumber);
fragment.setArguments(args);
return fragment;
public PlaceholderFragment()
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState)
View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_home, container, false);
return rootView;
@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity)
super.onAttach(activity);
((MainActivity) activity).onSectionAttached(
getArguments().getInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER));
public static class InfoDirectFragment extends Fragment
/**
* The fragment argument representing the section number for this
* fragment.
*/
private static final String ARG_SECTION_NUMBER = "section_number";
/**
* Returns a new instance of this fragment for the given section
* number.
*/
public static InfoDirectFragment newInstance(int sectionNumber)
InfoDirectFragment fragment = new InfoDirectFragment();
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER, sectionNumber);
fragment.setArguments(args);
return fragment;
public InfoDirectFragment()
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState)
View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_infodirect, container, false);
return rootView;
@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity)
super.onAttach(activity);
((MainActivity) activity).onSectionAttached(
getArguments().getInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER));
【问题讨论】：
androidhive.info/2013/11/… 几天前我看到了这个链接，但犹豫是否要完成它，因为它几乎需要更改我的所有代码。既然你建议了，我决定还是试试吧。事实证明它工作得很好，非常值得改变我的代码。非常感谢！ 【参考方案1】：关注link!!了解更多详情并使用
private class DrawerItemClickListener implements
ListView.OnItemClickListener
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position,
long id)
selectItem(position);
和
private void selectItem(int position)
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction ft = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
switch (position)
case 0:
ft.replace(R.id.content_frame, new Fragment1, Constants.TAG_FRAGMENT).commit();
break;
case 1:
ft.replace(R.id.content_frame, new Fragment2, Constants.TAG_FRAGMENT);
ft.commit();
break;
mDrawerList.setItemChecked(position, true);
setTitle(title[position]);
// Close drawer
mDrawerLayout.closeDrawer(mDrawerList);
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：@Override
public void onNavigationDrawerItemSelected(int position)
// update the main content by replacing fragments
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
if (position == 0)
fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.replace(R.id.container, FirstFragment.newInstance())
.commit();
else if (position == 1)
fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.replace(R.id.container, SecondFragment.newInstance())
.commit();
else if (position == 2)
fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.replace(R.id.container, ThridFragment.newInstance())
.commit();
并创建片段
public class FirstFragment extends Fragment
public static FirstFragment newInstance()
FirstFragment fragment = new FirstFragment();
return fragment;
public FirstFragment()
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState)
View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_first, container, false);
return rootView;
@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity)
super.onAttach(activity);
((MainActivity) activity).onSectionAttached(1);
【讨论】：
我尝试了您的解决方案，但我的 FirstFragment 没有加载布局！！【参考方案3】：我也在使用基于 Eclipse 生成的导航抽屉（您的看起来也是用它制作的），并且我对它进行了一些修剪，以使其不是完全愚蠢的。我在某些时候还做了一些黑魔法，因为我遇到了一些我已经修复的愚蠢错误（例如无法在 Back press 上更新操作栏标题，或者如果你旋转屏幕，那么索引处的元素0 由活动重新创建）：
NavigationDrawerActivity：
public class NavigationDrawerActivity extends ActionBarActivity implements
NavigationDrawerFragment.NavigationDrawerCallbacks
/**
* Fragment managing the behaviors, interactions and presentation of the navigation drawer.
*/
private NavigationDrawerFragment mNavigationDrawerFragment;
/**
* Used to store the last screen title. For use in @link #restoreActionBar().
*/
private CharSequence mTitle;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mNavigationDrawerFragment = (NavigationDrawerFragment) getSupportFragmentManager()
.findFragmentById(R.id.navigation_drawer);
mTitle = getString(R.string.drawer_0);
// Set up the drawer.
mNavigationDrawerFragment.setUp(R.id.navigation_drawer,
(DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout));
getSupportFragmentManager().addOnBackStackChangedListener(new OnBackStackChangedListener()
public void onBackStackChanged()
int backCount = getSupportFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount();
if (backCount == 0)
finish();
else
Fragment fragment = getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.container);
mTitle = getString(((GetActionBarTitle) fragment).getActionBarTitleId());
restoreActionBar();
);
if (savedInstanceState != null)
this.onBackPressed();
public void restoreActionBar()
ActionBar actionBar = getSupportActionBar();
actionBar.setNavigationMode(ActionBar.NAVIGATION_MODE_STANDARD);
actionBar.setDisplayShowTitleEnabled(true);
actionBar.setTitle(mTitle);
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu)
if (!mNavigationDrawerFragment.isDrawerOpen())
// Only show items in the action bar relevant to this screen
// if the drawer is not showing. Otherwise, let the drawer
// decide what to show in the action bar.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
restoreActionBar();
return true;
return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
@Override
public void onNavigationDrawerItemSelected(int position)
// update the main content by replacing fragments
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
boolean addToBackStack = true;
Fragment fragment = null;
switch (position)
case 0:
fragment = new Fragment0();
break;
case 1:
fragment = new Fragment1();
break;
case 2:
fragment = new Fragment2();
break;
case 3:
fragment = new Fragment3();
break;
case 4:
fragment = new Fragment4();
break;
case 5:
logout();
default:
Log.w(this.getClass().getSimpleName(),
"Reached Default in onNavigationDrawerItemSelected!");
break;
if (fragment != null)
FragmentTransaction ft = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
ft.replace(R.id.container, fragment);
if (addToBackStack == true)
ft.addToBackStack(null);
ft.commit();
mTitle = getString(((GetActionBarTitle) fragment).getActionBarTitleId());
restoreActionBar();
public void logout()
this.finish();
阴险的“GetActionBarTitle”：
public interface GetActionBarTitle
public int getActionBarTitleId();
生成的 NavigationDrawerFragment（我认为我根本没有改变它）：
public class NavigationDrawerFragment extends Fragment
/**
* Remember the position of the selected item.
*/
private static final String STATE_SELECTED_POSITION = "selected_navigation_drawer_position";
/**
* Per the design guidelines, you should show the drawer on launch until the user manually expands
* it. This shared
* preference tracks this.
*/
private static final String PREF_USER_LEARNED_DRAWER = "navigation_drawer_learned";
/**
* A pointer to the current callbacks instance (the Activity).
*/
private NavigationDrawerCallbacks mCallbacks;
/**
* Helper component that ties the action bar to the navigation drawer.
*/
private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;
private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;
private ListView mDrawerListView;
private View mFragmentContainerView;
private int mCurrentSelectedPosition = 0;
private boolean mFromSavedInstanceState;
private boolean mUserLearnedDrawer;
public NavigationDrawerFragment()
/**
* Callbacks interface that all activities using this fragment must implement.
*/
public static interface NavigationDrawerCallbacks
/**
* Called when an item in the navigation drawer is selected.
*/
void onNavigationDrawerItemSelected(int position);
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
// Read in the flag indicating whether or not the user has demonstrated awareness of the
// drawer. See PREF_USER_LEARNED_DRAWER for details.
SharedPreferences sp = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(getActivity());
mUserLearnedDrawer = sp.getBoolean(PREF_USER_LEARNED_DRAWER, false);
if (savedInstanceState != null)
mCurrentSelectedPosition = savedInstanceState.getInt(STATE_SELECTED_POSITION);
mFromSavedInstanceState = true;
// Select either the default item (0) or the last selected item.
selectItem(mCurrentSelectedPosition);
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
// Indicate that this fragment would like to influence the set of actions in the action bar.
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState)
mDrawerListView = (ListView) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_navigation_drawer, container,
false);
mDrawerListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener()
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id)
selectItem(position);
);
String[] drawerTitles = new String[] getString(R.string.drawer_0),
getString(R.string.drawer_1),
getString(R.string.drawer_2), getString(R.string.drawer_3),
getString(R.string.drawer_4), getString(R.string.drawer_5) ;
mDrawerListView.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActionBar().getThemedContext(),
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1, drawerTitles));
mDrawerListView.setItemChecked(mCurrentSelectedPosition, true);
return mDrawerListView;
public boolean isDrawerOpen()
return mDrawerLayout != null && mDrawerLayout.isDrawerOpen(mFragmentContainerView);
/**
* Users of this fragment must call this method to set up the navigation drawer interactions.
*
* @param fragmentId
* The android:id of this fragment in its activity's layout.
* @param drawerLayout
* The DrawerLayout containing this fragment's UI.
*/
public void setUp(int fragmentId, DrawerLayout drawerLayout)
mFragmentContainerView = getActivity().findViewById(fragmentId);
mDrawerLayout = drawerLayout;
// set a custom shadow that overlays the main content when the drawer opens
mDrawerLayout.setDrawerShadow(R.drawable.drawer_shadow, GravityCompat.START);
// set up the drawer's list view with items and click listener
ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
actionBar.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
actionBar.setHomeButtonEnabled(true);
// ActionBarDrawerToggle ties together the the proper interactions
// between the navigation drawer and the action bar app icon.
mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(getActivity(), /* host Activity */
mDrawerLayout, /* DrawerLayout object */
R.drawable.ic_drawer, /* nav drawer image to replace 'Up' caret */
R.string.navigation_drawer_open, /* "open drawer" description for accessibility */
R.string.navigation_drawer_close /* "close drawer" description for accessibility */
)
@Override
public void onDrawerClosed(View drawerView)
super.onDrawerClosed(drawerView);
if (!isAdded())
return;
getActivity().supportInvalidateOptionsMenu(); // calls onPrepareOptionsMenu()
@Override
public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView)
super.onDrawerOpened(drawerView);
if (!isAdded())
return;
if (!mUserLearnedDrawer)
// The user manually opened the drawer; store this flag to prevent auto-showing
// the navigation drawer automatically in the future.
mUserLearnedDrawer = true;
SharedPreferences sp = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(getActivity());
sp.edit().putBoolean(PREF_USER_LEARNED_DRAWER, true).apply();
getActivity().supportInvalidateOptionsMenu(); // calls onPrepareOptionsMenu()
;
// If the user hasn't 'learned' about the drawer, open it to introduce them to the drawer,
// per the navigation drawer design guidelines.
if (!mUserLearnedDrawer && !mFromSavedInstanceState)
mDrawerLayout.openDrawer(mFragmentContainerView);
// Defer code dependent on restoration of previous instance state.
mDrawerLayout.post(new Runnable()
@Override
public void run()
mDrawerToggle.syncState();
);
mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);
private void selectItem(int position)
mCurrentSelectedPosition = position;
if (mDrawerListView != null)
mDrawerListView.setItemChecked(position, true);
if (mDrawerLayout != null)
mDrawerLayout.closeDrawer(mFragmentContainerView);
if (mCallbacks != null)
mCallbacks.onNavigationDrawerItemSelected(position);
@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity)
super.onAttach(activity);
try
mCallbacks = (NavigationDrawerCallbacks) activity;
catch (ClassCastException e)
throw new ClassCastException("Activity must implement NavigationDrawerCallbacks.");
@Override
public void onDetach()
super.onDetach();
mCallbacks = null;
@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState)
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
outState.putInt(STATE_SELECTED_POSITION, mCurrentSelectedPosition);
@Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig)
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
// Forward the new configuration the drawer toggle component.
mDrawerToggle.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater)
// If the drawer is open, show the global app actions in the action bar. See also
// showGlobalContextActionBar, which controls the top-left area of the action bar.
if (mDrawerLayout != null && isDrawerOpen())
inflater.inflate(R.menu.global, menu);
showGlobalContextActionBar();
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)
if (mDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item))
return true;
/*
* if (item.getItemId() == R.id.action_example)
*
* Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Example action.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
* return true;
*
*/
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
/**
* Per the navigation drawer design guidelines, updates the action bar to show the global app
* 'context', rather than
* just what's in the current screen.
*/
private void showGlobalContextActionBar()
ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
actionBar.setDisplayShowTitleEnabled(true);
actionBar.setNavigationMode(ActionBar.NAVIGATION_MODE_STANDARD);
actionBar.setTitle(R.string.app_name);
private ActionBar getActionBar()
return ((ActionBarActivity) getActivity()).getSupportActionBar();
由此导航抽屉创建的示例片段：
public class MyFragment extends Fragment implements GetActionBarTitle, OnClickListener
private int titleId;
private Button btn0;
private Button btn1;
private Button btn2;
public MyFragment()
super();
titleId = R.string.drawer_myfragment_title;
@Override
public int getActionBarTitleId()
return titleId;
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState)
View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_myfragment, container, false);
return rootView;
@Override
public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
btn0 = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.btn0);
btn1 = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.btn1);
btn2 = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.btn2);
btn0.setOnClickListener(this);
btn1.setOnClickListener(this);
btn2.setOnClickListener(this);
@Override
public void onClick(View v)
if (btn0 == v)
else if (btn1 == v)
else if (btn2 == v)
我希望这能如你所愿。我必须对 BackStackListener 施展魔法才能正常工作。
【讨论】：
干得好。但是，如果我想一次打开一个片段。如果再次选择导航抽屉中的相同标题，则应使用之前打开的片段。 @BSKANIA 是的，虽然我还没有弄清楚。我猜我应该跟踪它们，并在功能方面从根本上重新实现 FragmentPagerAdapter 或 FragmentStatePagerAdapter，但我还没有弄清楚，我从来不需要完成它。 @BSKANIA 它实际上不应该那么难，但是考虑到我将数据存储在后台堆栈中，可以使用片段后台堆栈条目 IDFragmentManager#getBackStackEntryAt(int) 和 FragmentManager#getBackStackEntry() 访问它。需要注意的是，旋转屏幕后，它会调用 display(0)，这就是我调用 onBackPressed() 的原因，但这需要更改为仅显示当前 Fragment 而不是 0.. 需要黑色如果允许方向更改，则很神奇。但是，除此之外，我不需要实现这一点，但这就是开始。
目前这是我用来处理 backstack 的。github.com/rathodchintan/Fragment-Back-Stack
@BSKANIA 虽然您 可以 这样做，但我不确定他所说的 Android 不管理它们是什么意思。这就是addToBackStack(null) 调用的目的。【参考方案4】：
我知道这已经很老了，但我想分享一些我写的关于应用程序抽屉和片段导航的文章。它们是最新的样本（至少在 2017 年）。随意看看：
https://aarcoraci.wordpress.com/2017/02/13/android-tutorial-drawer-and-fragment-navigation-made-easyier/
https://aarcoraci.wordpress.com/2017/02/14/android-drawer-and-fragment-navigation-a-more-real-life-scenario/
【讨论】：
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