如何优化太慢的存储过程？ [关闭]
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【中文标题】如何优化太慢的存储过程？ [关闭]【英文标题】：How to optimise a stored procedure that is too slow? [closed] 【发布时间】：2017-09-25 21:28:25 【问题描述】：我的存储过程大约需要 1 分 45 秒，我该如何优化它？我尝试了几件事，例如在插入之前创建临时表。
我有预计的执行计划，但我不知道如何上传。
这是我的存储过程的一部分，它需要更长的时间，查询成本是 53%。
SELECT Distinct
BackupCTE.[InstanceName]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.EnvironmentType = 0 THEN '-1' Else CONVERT(VARCHAR,BackupCTE.EnvironmentType) END AS EnvironmentType
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceStatus = 0 THEN '-1' Else CONVERT(VARCHAR,BackupCTE.InstanceStatus) END AS [InstanceStatus]
,BackupCTE.[BackupShare]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.DatabaseOwner = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN ISNULL(BackupCTE.IsMirroringEnabled,0) = 0 AND BackupCTE.DatabaseOwner NOT IN ('SA') AND BackupCTE.DatabaseStatus = 'Normal' AND BackupCTE.DatabaseReadOnly = 0
AND ISNULL(BackupCTE.IsDatabaseSnapshot,0) = 0 THEN '0'
ELSE '1' END AS DatabaseOwner
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.DBRecoveryModel = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN BackupCTE.DatabaseStatus = 'Normal' AND BackupCTE.DatabaseName NOT IN ('master', 'msdb', 'IHC_DBA','distribution','ReportServerTempDB','NavicareReporting','ReportServer') AND
BackupCTE.RecoveryModel NOT IN ('Full','BulkLogged') THEN '0'
ELSE '1'
END AS [DBRecoveryModel]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.AutoShrink = 0 THEN '-1'
ELSE CONVERT(VARCHAR, BackupCTE.[AutoShrink]) END AS [AutoShrink]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.AutoClose = 0 THEN '-1' Else CONVERT(VARCHAR,BackupCTE.[AutoClose]) END AS [AutoClose]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.BackupCompression = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN BackupCTE.[BackupCompression] = 0 THEN '0'
Else '1' END AS [BackupCompression]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.XPCmdShell = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN CONVERT(VARCHAR,BackupCTE.[XPCmdShell]) = 0 THEN '1'
Else '0' END AS [XPCmdShell]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.EncryptionEnabled = 0 THEN '-1' Else CONVERT(VARCHAR,BackupCTE.[EncryptionEnabled]) END AS [EncryptionEnabled]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.IsIdera = 0 THEN '-1' Else CONVERT(VARCHAR,BackupCTE.[IsIdera]) END AS [IsIdera]
,[HoursRetentionShare]
,[HoursSinceLastFullBackup]
,[HoursSinceLastDiffBackup]
,[HoursSinceLastLogBackup]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.ExceededBkpTimeFrame = 0 THEN '-1' Else BackupCTE.ExceededBkpTimeFrame
END AS ExceededBkpTimeFrame
,BackupType
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.[Primary] = 0 THEN '-1' Else BackupCTE.[Primary] END AS [Primary]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.[Secondary] = 0 THEN '-1' Else BackupCTE.[Secondary] END AS [Secondary]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.[LockPages] = 0 THEN '-1'
Else CONVERT(varchar,BackupCTE.[LockPages]) END AS [LockPages]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.[SADisabled] = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN CONVERT(varchar,BackupCTE.[SADisabled]) = 0 AND BackupCTE.VersionName like 'Microsoft SQL Server 2000 %' THEN '1'
ELSE CONVERT(varchar,BackupCTE.[SADisabled])
END AS [SADisabled]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.ServiceAccount = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN StdServiceAccount.IsValid = 1
OR BackupCTE.ServiceAccount IN ('CO\lpsqldbadmin','lpsqldbadmin@CO.IHC.COM')
THEN '1'
ELSE '0' END AS ServiceAccount
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.[ServicePackFlag] = 0 THEN '-1' Else BackupCTE.[ServicePack] END AS [ServicePack]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.[MaxMemory] = 0 THEN '-1' Else BackupCTE.[MaxMemory] END AS [MaxMemory]
,[JobName]
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.[JobOwner] = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN BackupCTE.JobOwner NOT IN ('SA') AND JobEnabled = 1 AND DELETED IS NULL THEN '0'
ELSE '1' END AS JobOwner
,[JobEnabled]
,CASE WHEN BackupCTE.EnvironmentType = 'PROD' AND BackupCTE.[Primary] NOT IN ('Tamie Jensen', 'Chase Mahony','Megna Musapeta','Aaron Uppencamp') THEN '0'
WHEN BackupCTE.EnvironmentType = 'STBY' AND BackupCTE.[Primary] NOT IN ('Tamie Jensen', 'Chase Mahony','Megna Musapeta','Aaron Uppencamp') THEN '0'
ELSE '1' END AS IsNonPrimary
,CASE WHEN BackupCTE.EnvironmentType = 'PROD' AND BackupCTE.[Secondary] IN ('NONE') THEN '0'
WHEN BackupCTE.EnvironmentType = 'STBY' AND BackupCTE.[Secondary] IN ('NONE') THEN '0'
ELSE '1' END AS IsNonSecondary
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.[MaxMemory] = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN BackupCTE.[MaxMemory]%8 = 0 THEN '1'
ELSE '0' END AS FlagMemory
,CASE WHEN BackupCTE.JobName NOT LIKE '%Insure%'
THEN
CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.MaintenanceJob = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN JobSchMultiplier < 0 THEN '1' --One Time Job. No Need To Flag
WHEN DATEDIFF(HH, BackupCTE.JobRunDate, GETDATE()) > 24*JobSchMultiplier THEN '0'
ELSE '1'
END
ELSE '1' END AS MaintenanceJob
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.ServicePackFlag = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(PatchingStds.ServicePack,3, LEN(PatchingStds.ServicePack)-2))) > ISNULL(LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(InstanceSQLDTl.ServicePack,3,
LEN(InstanceSQLDTl.ServicePack)-2))),0) THEN '0'
WHEN LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(VersionName,CHARINDEX('-',VersionName )+1,abs(CASE WHEN CHARINDEX('(',VersionName ) > 0 THEN CHARINDEX('(',VersionName )-CHARINDEX('-',VersionName) ELSE len(VersionName)-CHARINDEX('-',VersionName) end)))) <> LTRIM(RTRIM(PatchingStds.SQLBuild)) THEN '2'
ELSE '1' END AS ServicePackFlag
,VersionName
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.SAViolations = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN LoginName Not IN ('CO\DBA Group','CO\DBAdmin') AND SYSAdmin = 1 OR SecurityAdmin = 1 OR ServerAdmin = 1 OR SetupAdmin = 1 OR ProcessAdmin = 1 OR DiskAdmin = 1
OR DBCreator = 1 OR BulkAdmin = 1 THEN '0'
ELSE '1' END AS SAViolations
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.IsBackupShare = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN NOT (BackupCTE.[BackupShare] LIKE '\\CO.IHC.COM%' OR BackupCTE.[BackupShare] LIKE '\\CO-LP-SQL1%' OR BackupCTE.[BackupShare] LIKE '\\CO-LP-SQL2%'
OR BackupCTE.[BackupShare] LIKE '\\CO-TX-VAULT2%' OR BackupCTE.[BackupShare] LIKE '\\co-tx-vpdsfile2\txPDSsqlBackups%' AND BackupCTE.[BackupShare] NOT LIKE '%Test') OR BackupCTE.[BackupShare] = 'NONE LISTED' THEN '0'
ELSE '1' END AS IsBackupShare
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.Tempdb_DataFileCount = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN TEMPDBFileCount.Tempdb_DataFileCount >= 8 OR TEMPDBFileCount.Tempdb_DataFileCount > TEMPDBFileCount.OptimalTempdbFilecount THEN '1'
WHEN TEMPDBFileCount.OptimalTempdbFilecount > TEMPDBFileCount.Tempdb_DataFileCount THEN '0'
ELSE '1'END AS Tempdb_DataFileCount
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.DataAutoGrow = 0 THEN '-1' ELSE BackupCTE.DataAutoGrow END AS DataAutoGrow
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.LogAutoGrow = 0 THEN '-1' ELSE BackupCTE.LogAutoGrow END AS LogAutoGrow
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.MaintVersion = 0 THEN '-1' ELSE BackupCTE.MaintVersion END AS MaintVersion
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.MaintVersion = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN BackupCTE.MaintVersion = 2.02 OR BackupCTE.MaintVersion = 2.03 THEN '1'
ELSE '0' END AS FlagMaintVersion
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.DBCompatibilityLevel = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN BackupCTE.DBCompatibilityLevel < 90 THEN '0'
ELSE '1' END AS DBCompatibilityLevel
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.FlagVersionName = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN NOT (BackupCTE.VersionName LIKE 'Microsoft SQL Server 2005%' OR BackupCTE.VersionName LIKE 'Microsoft SQL Server 2000%') THEN '1'
ELSE '0' END AS FlagVersionName
,CASE WHEN DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL AND ComplianceReportExceptions.VLFCount = 0 THEN '-1'
ELSE BackupCTE.VLFCount END AS VLFCount
Into #FinalData
FROM [DBAPP].InstanceSQLDtl
LEFT JOIN #BackupCTE BackupCTE ON InstanceSQLDtl.InstanceID = BackupCTE.InstanceID
LEFT JOIN [DBAPP].[SQLPatchingStandards] PatchingStds ON LTRIM(RTRIM(LEFT(VersionName, CHARINDEX('-', VersionName)-1))) = LTRIM(RTRIM(LEFT
(PatchingStds.SQLVersion,CHARINDEX('-',PatchingStds.SQLVersion)-1)))
LEFT JOIN [DBAPP].[ComplianceReportExceptions] ON ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName = BackupCTE.InstanceName
LEFT JOIN [DBAPP].[TEMPDBFileCount] ON InstanceSQLDtl.InstanceID = [TEMPDBFileCount].InstanceID AND Type_DESC = 'ROWS'
LEFT JOIN DBO.fnGetServiceNames() StdServiceAccount ON BackupCTE.InstanceID = StdServiceAccount.InstanceID
Where BackupCTE.[InstanceName] IS NOT NULL
ORDER BY [InstanceName]
【问题讨论】：
所以您在论坛上删除了一个包含近 500 行且没有详细信息的存储过程，并希望有人能够提供帮助???? 你正在解析字符串并在连接中使用 UDF...我想说你很幸运它完成了... 现在只有 100 多行。但是仍然......没有表定义和执行计划，几乎没有人可以在这里做。不过，该函数 fnGetServiceNames 可能是我要开始的地方。 【参考方案1】：这么多的字符串操作和 CASE 语句总是会很慢。也许您可以将它作为夜间批处理运行到数据集市中？否则，这里有一些提示：
-
由于您的许多 CASE 语句都在测试 ...InstanceName IS NULL，因此您可以将查询分成两半，并使用 UNION ALL 将其为空和不为空的记录连接在一起（参见示例）。这将删除一堆 CASE 检查。
如果只有一项，不要使用 WHERE IN('SA')，而是使用不等于 ()。
如果可能，请避免在 JOIN 条件下进行字符串操作 (
...PatchingStds ON LTRIM(RTRIM(LEFT(VersionName...)。尝试将这些字段存储在某个地方，无论是在专用列中还是作为持久的计算列。这样您就可以在该字段上添加索引以加快连接速度。
在可能的情况下，在连接字段上设置索引，这受许多因素的影响，但大多数情况下，单个表上不要有太多索引，因为这会减慢 INSERT 语句的速度。
SELECT DISTINCT
BackupCTE.[InstanceName]
, EnvironmentType = CASE WHEN ComplianceReportExceptions.EnvironmentType = 0 THEN '-1' ELSE CONVERT(VARCHAR, BackupCTE.EnvironmentType) END
, [InstanceStatus] = CASE WHEN ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceStatus = 0 THEN '-1' ELSE CONVERT(VARCHAR,BackupCTE.InstanceStatus) END
, BackupCTE.[BackupShare]
, DatabaseOwner =
CASE WHEN ComplianceReportExceptions.DatabaseOwner = 0 THEN '-1'
WHEN ISNULL(BackupCTE.IsMirroringEnabled,0) = 0
AND BackupCTE.DatabaseOwner <> 'SA'
AND BackupCTE.DatabaseStatus = 'Normal'
AND BackupCTE.DatabaseReadOnly = 0
AND ISNULL(BackupCTE.IsDatabaseSnapshot,0) = 0
THEN '0'
ELSE '1'
END
-- Etc...
INTO #FinalData
FROM [DBAPP].InstanceSQLDtl
LEFT JOIN #BackupCTE BackupCTE ON InstanceSQLDtl.InstanceID = BackupCTE.InstanceID
LEFT JOIN [DBAPP].[SQLPatchingStandards] PatchingStds ON LTRIM(RTRIM(LEFT(VersionName, CHARINDEX('-', VersionName)-1))) = LTRIM(RTRIM(LEFT
(PatchingStds.SQLVersion,CHARINDEX('-',PatchingStds.SQLVersion)-1)))
LEFT JOIN [DBAPP].[ComplianceReportExceptions] ON ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName = BackupCTE.InstanceName
LEFT JOIN [DBAPP].[TEMPDBFileCount] ON InstanceSQLDtl.InstanceID = [TEMPDBFileCount].InstanceID AND Type_DESC = 'ROWS'
LEFT JOIN DBO.fnGetServiceNames() StdServiceAccount ON BackupCTE.InstanceID = StdServiceAccount.InstanceID
WHERE BackupCTE.[InstanceName] IS NOT NULL
AND DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NOT NULL
--****************
UNION ALL
--****************
SELECT DISTINCT
BackupCTE.[InstanceName]
, EnvironmentType = CONVERT(VARCHAR,BackupCTE.EnvironmentType)
, [InstanceStatus] = CONVERT(VARCHAR,BackupCTE.InstanceStatus)
, BackupCTE.[BackupShare]
, DatabaseOwner =
CASE
WHEN ISNULL(BackupCTE.IsMirroringEnabled,0) = 0
AND BackupCTE.DatabaseOwner <> 'SA'
AND BackupCTE.DatabaseStatus = 'Normal'
AND BackupCTE.DatabaseReadOnly = 0
AND ISNULL(BackupCTE.IsDatabaseSnapshot,0) = 0
THEN '0'
ELSE '1'
END
-- Etc...
INTO #FinalData
FROM [DBAPP].InstanceSQLDtl
LEFT JOIN #BackupCTE BackupCTE ON InstanceSQLDtl.InstanceID = BackupCTE.InstanceID
LEFT JOIN [DBAPP].[SQLPatchingStandards] PatchingStds ON LTRIM(RTRIM(LEFT(VersionName, CHARINDEX('-', VersionName)-1))) = LTRIM(RTRIM(LEFT
(PatchingStds.SQLVersion,CHARINDEX('-',PatchingStds.SQLVersion)-1)))
LEFT JOIN [DBAPP].[ComplianceReportExceptions] ON ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName = BackupCTE.InstanceName
LEFT JOIN [DBAPP].[TEMPDBFileCount] ON InstanceSQLDtl.InstanceID = [TEMPDBFileCount].InstanceID AND Type_DESC = 'ROWS'
LEFT JOIN DBO.fnGetServiceNames() StdServiceAccount ON BackupCTE.InstanceID = StdServiceAccount.InstanceID
WHERE BackupCTE.[InstanceName] IS NOT NULL
AND DBAPP.ComplianceReportExceptions.InstanceName IS NULL
--****************
ORDER BY [InstanceName]
【讨论】：
分而治之是解决这个问题的好方法。【参考方案2】：以下是导致查询性能下降的可能性，
如果您使用转换，请不要在 on 子句中转换列值，而是创建一个单独的列并预先填充转换 它禁止使用索引来搜索表中的记录。
与（无锁）一起使用
Distinct 和 order by 是查询的昂贵操作，如果您不需要将其从查询中删除。
【讨论】：
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