Kivy ScreenManager 打破 BoxLayout
Posted
技术标签:
【中文标题】Kivy ScreenManager 打破 BoxLayout【英文标题】：Kivy ScreenManager breaks BoxLayout 【发布时间】：2019-03-09 17:20:00 【问题描述】：我是 Kivy 的新手，但能够创建单屏应用。在我需要添加更多屏幕之前，一切看起来都很好。一页应用程序显示正确，但是当我添加屏幕时，BoxLayouts 不再按预期工作。小部件全部呈现在屏幕底部。我的问题是我在实施 ScreenManager 时做错了什么？
单屏应用如下所示：
我决定让它多屏，但是当我添加 ScreenManager 逻辑时，生成的屏幕如下所示：
我从this tutorial获取信息
我的 main.py 文件如下所示：
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.popup import Popup
from kivy.properties import ObjectProperty
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen, FadeTransition
class Pay_screen(Screen):
pass
class Survey_screen(Screen):
pass
class Finish_screen(Screen):
pass
class Sm(ScreenManager):
pass
class Next_root(BoxLayout):
pass
class Nq_disagree_label(Label):
pass
class Nq_question_label(Label):
pass
class Nq_button(Button):
pass
class survey_form(BoxLayout):
#dept_button = ObjectProperty()
def send_survey(self):
mypopup = MyPopup()
mypopup.show_popup('Survey', 'Survey sent!', 'OK!')
def add_comment(self):
mypopup = MyPopup()
mypopup.show_popup('Comment', 'This is where a comment is added.', 'OK!')
def close_app(self):
App.get_running_app().stop()
class MyPopup(Popup):
def show_popup(self, title_text, label_text, button_text):
mytext= label_text
content = BoxLayout(orientation="vertical")
content.add_widget(Label(text=mytext, font_size=20, text_size=(300, None)))
mybutton = Button(text="Ok!", size_hint=(1,.20), font_size=20)
content.add_widget(mybutton)
mypopup = Popup(content = content,
title = title_text,
auto_dismiss = False,
size_hint = (.5, .5)) #,
#font_size = 20)
mybutton.bind(on_press=mypopup.dismiss)
mypopup.open()
class nextqualApp(App):
icon = 'nextqual.png'
title = 'Pay / survey / join'
if __name__ == '__main__':
nextqualApp().run()
我的屏幕管理器的 KV 文件如下所示：
#: import FadeTransition kivy.uix.screenmanager.FadeTransition
Sm:
transition: FadeTransition()
Survey_screen:
Pay_screen:
<nq_button@Button>:
halign: "center"
text: "Add\ncomment"
size_hint_x: 10
<Nq_disagree_label@Label>:
halign: "left"
size_hint_x: 10
text:"Strongly\ndisagree"
<Nq_agree_label@Label>:
halign: "left"
size_hint_x: 10
text:"Strongly\nagree"
<Nq_question_label@Label>:
halign: "left"
font_size: "24"
size_hint_x: 25
<Pay_screen>:
name: 'pay'
#orientation: "vertical"
#padding: 6
#font_size: 24
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
Button:
text: "Pay your bill"
on_release: app.root.current = 'pay'
Button:
text: "Tell us how we did"
on_release: app.root.current = 'survey'
Button:
text: "I'm finished"
BoxLayout:
Button:
text: "Pay your bill"
on_release: app.root.current = 'survey'
<Survey_screen>:
name: "survey"
#orientation: "vertical"
#padding: 6
#font_size: "24"
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
Button:
text: "Pay your bill"
on_release: app.root.current = 'pay'
Button:
text: "Tell us how we did"
on_release: app.root.current = 'survey'
Button:
text: "I'm finished"
BoxLayout:
halign: "center"
Image:
source: "logo.jpg"
#size: self.size
BoxLayout:
height: "80dp"
size_hint_y: None
Label:
bold: True
#color: 10,10,10,10
#halign: "center"
#text_size: self.size
markup: True
text: "[color=f9f752]Description[/color]"
multiline: True
#size_hint_x: 25
text_size: self.size
halign: 'center'
valign: 'middle'
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "The service I recieved from start to finish was excellent."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "I waited an appropriate amount of time for my food and drink."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "The quality and presentation of the food was outstanding."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "The prices provide good value for money."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "The atmosphere was relaxing and enjoyable."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "The overall cleanliness was very acceptable."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "I will recommend Synterest to my friends and family."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "100dp"
size_hint_y: None
Label:
size_hint_x: 40
Button:
size_hint_x: 20
text:"Send survey"
halign: "center"
on_press: root.send_survey()
Label:
size_hint_x: 40
没有屏幕管理器的KV文件是这样的：
nq_button@Button>:
halign: "center"
text: "Add\ncomment"
size_hint_x: 10
<Nq_disagree_label@Label>:
halign: "left"
size_hint_x: 10
text:"Strongly\ndisagree"
<Nq_agree_label@Label>:
halign: "left"
size_hint_x: 10
text:"Strongly\nagree"
<Nq_question_label@Label>:
halign: "left"
font_size: "24"
size_hint_x: 25
survey_form:
<survey_form>:
name: "survey"
orientation: "vertical"
padding: 6
font_size: "24"
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
Button:
text: "Pay your bill"
on_release: app.root.current = 'pay'
Button:
text: "Tell us how we did"
on_release: app.root.current = 'survey'
Button:
text: "I'm finished"
BoxLayout:
halign: "center"
Image:
source: "logo.jpg"
#size: self.size
BoxLayout:
height: "80dp"
size_hint_y: None
Label:
bold: True
#color: 10,10,10,10
#halign: "center"
#text_size: self.size
markup: True
text: "[color=f9f752]At Synterest, we care deeply about your impressions of our food, service and atmosphere. We would be very grateful if you took a few moments to give us your feedback on how you enjoyed your meal.[/color]"
multiline: True
#size_hint_x: 25
text_size: self.size
halign: 'center'
valign: 'middle'
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "The service I recieved from start to finish was excellent."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "I waited an appropriate amount of time for my food and drink."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "The quality and presentation of the food was outstanding."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "The prices provide good value for money."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "The atmosphere was relaxing and enjoyable."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "The overall cleanliness was very acceptable."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_question_label:
text: "I will recommend Synterest to my friends and family."
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Nq_disagree_label:
Slider:
size_hint_x: 80
value: 50
Nq_agree_label:
nq_button:
on_press: root.add_comment()
BoxLayout:
height: "100dp"
size_hint_y: None
Label:
size_hint_x: 40
Button:
size_hint_x: 20
text:"Send survey"
halign: "center"
on_press: root.send_survey()
Label:
size_hint_x: 40
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：在这件事上挥汗如雨后，有时答案就变得显而易见了。
Survey_screen 和 Pay_screen 继承自 Main.py 文件中的 Screen。当我制作原始的一页应用程序时，根小部件继承自 BoxLayout。
我在 .kv 文件中的每个屏幕上添加了一个 BoxLayout 并将所有内容放在正确的位置。
例如，
<Survey_screen>:
name: "survey"
BoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding: 6
BoxLayout:
height: "40dp"
size_hint_y: None
Button:
等
【讨论】：
您能否提供更多详细信息：您是否编辑了您的问题？在您的问题“带有屏幕管理器的 KV 文件”中，我可以分别在每个屏幕中看到一个 BoxLayout。那么您是否更改了您的 .py 文件，或者您究竟在哪里添加了 BoyLayout？【参考方案2】：我已经设法让屏幕管理器工作，并在各个平台共享小部件属性 所有屏幕。
class XDispLayout(Screen):
intr_str01 = str('This application advises --')
def start01_value(self):
xclr=[random.random(), random.random(), random.random()]+[1]
self.ids.x1.color=xclr
self.ids.set_ipbtn.color=xclr
app = App.get_running_app()
print ('text imported is '+ str(app.INT_TEXT))
app.INT_TEXT = app.INT_TEXT + 1
app.COLOR_STX=xclr
print ('screen-Main app.COLOR_STX -is >'+ str(app.COLOR_STX))
self.ids.ip_add01.color=app.COLOR_STX
#below is an example of how you update on another screen, Year05 screen for eg.
app.root.pyear05.ids.sfayear05.color =app.COLOR_STX
return()
class Year01(Screen):
def set_chk_same_cshint_y1(self,guess, *arg):
if guess.active:
temp_int=float(self.ids.cshint_y1m1.value)
print ('tttt-is >'+ str(temp_int))
app = App.get_running_app()
self.ids.sfayear06.color=app.COLOR_STX
print ('app.root.pyear01.ids.int_ylm2.value -is >'+ str(app.root.pyear01.ids.int_ylm1.value))
#since the above is actually the same object, you can use
#different ways....
#self.ids.int_ylm1.value==temp_int
#app.root.pyear01.ids.int_ylm1.value=temp_int
class CManager(ScreenManager):
#below is important when you want to change something on another screen
pmain = ObjectProperty(None)
pyear01 = ObjectProperty(None)
pyear02 = ObjectProperty(None)
pyear03 = ObjectProperty(None)
pyear04 = ObjectProperty(None)
pyear05 = ObjectProperty(None)
pyear06 = ObjectProperty(None)
#self.transition=NoTransition()
pass
class FinDispApp(App):
# the below values can be accessed using app.INT_TEXT, app.COLOR_STX
INT_TEXT = 55
COLOR_STX = [1,0,0,1]
CASHOUT_00=0
#.....
#.......
def build(self):
sm = CManager(transition=NoTransition())
sm.current='main'
return sm
if __name__ == "__main__":
FinDispApp().run()
<CManager>:
#this is the root widget
id:screen_manager01
#below maps python object property to kivy Ids
pmain : idmain
pyear01 : idyear01
pyear02 : idyear02
pyear03 : idyear03
pyear04 : idyear04
pyear05 : idyear05
pyear06 : idyear06
XDispLayout:
id:idmain
name:'main'
manager:screen_manager01
Year01:
id:idyear01
name:'year01'
manager:screen_manager01
Year02:
id:idyear02
name:'year02'
manager:screen_manager01
Year03:
id:idyear03
name:'year03'
manager:screen_manager01
Year04:
id:idyear04
name:'year04'
manager:screen_manager01
Year05:
id:idyear05
name:'year05'
manager:screen_manager01
Year06:
id:idyear06
name:'year06'
manager:screen_manager01
<XDispLayout>:
name: 'main'
orientation: "horizontal"
BoxLayout:
orientation:'vertical'
BoxLayout:
orientation:'horizontal'
size_hint_x :1
size_hint_y :0.08
Button:
id: btn_yr06
text:'go to year06'
o#pacity : 0
#disabled : True
on_press:
#root.setvalue_00()
on_release:
root.manager.current = 'year06'
root.manager.transition.direction = 'right'
Button:
id: btn_yr01
text:'go to year01'
opacity : 0
disabled : True
on_press:
#root.enable_y06()
#root.setvalue_00()
on_release:
root.manager.current = 'year01'
root.manager.transition.direction = 'left'
<Year01>:
name: 'year01'
BoxLayout:
orientation:'vertical'
Label:
id:sfayear01
text: "Year01"
<Year02>:
name: 'year02'
BoxLayout:
orientation:'vertical'
Label:
id:sfayear02
text: "Year02"
halign : 'right'
valign : 'middle'
<Year06>:
name: 'year06'
BoxLayout:
orientation:'vertical'
Label:
id:sfayear06
text: "blah blah blas"
font_size: 20
BoxLayout:
orientation:'horizontal'
BoxLayout:
orientation:'horizontal'
size_hint_x :1
size_hint_y :0.4
Button:
text:'go to year05'
on_press:
root.manager.current = 'year05'
root.manager.transition.direction = 'right'
Button:
text:'go to main'
on_press:
root.manager.current = 'main'
root.manager.transition.direction = 'left'
【讨论】：
以上是关于Kivy ScreenManager 打破 BoxLayout的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
Kivy 无法使用 ScreenManager 获取文本输入
在 Kivy 1.10 和 Python 2.7.9 中使用 ScreenManager 获取 TextInput 值