在 main 上而不是在 pyqt5 的脚本上实现按钮的功能

Posted 2023-03-30

【中文标题】在 main 上而不是在 pyqt5 的脚本上实现按钮的功能

【英文标题】：implementing buttons' functions on main instead on script from pyqt5

【发布时间】：2019-12-15 14:58:11

【问题描述】：

我使用 Qt 设计器创建了一个 GUI，并将其转换为 .py 文件。 我曾经直接在 GUI .py 文件中编写函数，但有人告诉我将代码分成两个文件：一个只包含从 Qt 设计器转换的 GUI 命令，另一个是 Main - 这将适用于所有GUI 的按钮和小部件。

现在，我已经设法从不同的文件导入 GUI，当我运行脚本时，GUI 确实出现了，但是当我尝试编写函数时，我似乎遇到了麻烦。

这是我的主要内容：

from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from mainwin import Ui_MainWindow
import sys


class ApplicationWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
       super(ApplicationWindow, self).__init__()

       self.ui = Ui_MainWindow()
       self.ui.setupUi(self)   

       self.exitbtn.clicked.connect(self.exitclicked) ***this is the connection and function that I'm trying to make 'em work***
       def exitclicked(self,Dialog):
          sys.exit()

def main():
   import sys
   app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
   application = ApplicationWindow()
   application.show()
   sys.exit(app.exec_())

if __name__ == "__main__":
   main()

我不知道它是否相关，但这是我从 Qt 设计器转换而来的 GUI。

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
  def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
    MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
    MainWindow.resize(895, 422)
    self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
    self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
    self.txtoutput = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(self.centralwidget)
    self.txtoutput.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(150, 200, 471, 192))
    self.txtoutput.setObjectName("txtoutput")
    self.comboBox = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.centralwidget)
    self.comboBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 90, 69, 22))
    self.comboBox.setObjectName("comboBox")
    self.lbl = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
    self.lbl.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(90, 30, 81, 16))
    self.lbl.setObjectName("lbl")
    self.lcdNumber = QtWidgets.QLCDNumber(self.centralwidget)
    self.lcdNumber.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(340, 170, 151, 23))
    self.lcdNumber.setObjectName("lcdNumber")
    self.getserialbtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
    self.getserialbtn.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(210, 50, 75, 23))
    self.getserialbtn.setObjectName("getserialbtn")
    self.chuckrealeasebtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
    self.chuckrealeasebtn.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 120, 75, 23))
    self.chuckrealeasebtn.setObjectName("chuckrealeasebtn")
    self.runbtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
    self.runbtn.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(580, 70, 91, 61))
    font = QtGui.QFont()
    font.setPointSize(28)
    font.setBold(True)
    font.setWeight(75)
    self.runbtn.setFont(font)
    self.runbtn.setCheckable(False)
    self.runbtn.setObjectName("runbtn")
    self.textEdit = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
    self.textEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 50, 151, 31))
    self.textEdit.setObjectName("textEdit")
    self.stopbtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
    self.stopbtn.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(680, 70, 91, 61))
    font = QtGui.QFont()
    font.setPointSize(28)
    font.setBold(True)
    font.setWeight(75)
    self.stopbtn.setFont(font)
    self.stopbtn.setObjectName("stopbtn")
    self.exitbtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
    self.exitbtn.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(740, 370, 75, 23))
    self.exitbtn.setObjectName("exitbtn")
    MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
    self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
    self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
    MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
    self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
    QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

 def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
    _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
    MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
    self.lbl.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Enter serial #"))
    self.getserialbtn.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Enter"))
    self.chuckrealeasebtn.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "chuck"))
    self.runbtn.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Run"))
    self.stopbtn.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Stop"))
    self.exitbtn.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Exit"))

if __name__ == "__main__":
  import sys
  app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
  MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
  ui = Ui_MainWindow()
  ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
  MainWindow.show()
  sys.exit(app.exec_())

我尝试运行它时遇到的错误是：

AttributeError: 'ApplicationWindow' object has no attribute 'exitbtn'

如果有人可以编写正确的语法以能够通过 main 实现功能，我会很高兴。

非常感谢：D

【问题讨论】：

将self.exitbtn.clicked.connect(self.exitclicked) 更改为self.ui.exitbtn.clicked.connect(self.exitclicked) 和def exitclicked(self, Dialog): 更改为def exitclicked(self):

嘿尼克！正如你所说，我改变了我的主要，但我仍然得到同样的错误..你还有什么想法可以让它工作吗？

【参考方案1】：

试试看：

ma​​in.py

from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from mainwin import Ui_MainWindow


class ApplicationWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
       super(ApplicationWindow, self).__init__()

       self.ui = Ui_MainWindow()
       self.ui.setupUi(self)   

#       self.exitbtn.clicked.connect(self.exitclicked) 
       self.ui.exitbtn.clicked.connect(self.exitclicked)       # +

    def exitclicked(self):                                     # + 
        self.close()                                           # +

def main():
   import sys
   app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
   application = ApplicationWindow()
   application.show()
   sys.exit(app.exec_())

if __name__ == "__main__":
   main()

---

ma​​inwin.py

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(895, 422)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.txtoutput = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(self.centralwidget)
        self.txtoutput.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(150, 200, 471, 192))
        self.txtoutput.setObjectName("txtoutput")
        self.comboBox = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.centralwidget)
        self.comboBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 90, 69, 22))
        self.comboBox.setObjectName("comboBox")
        self.lbl = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.lbl.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(90, 30, 81, 16))
        self.lbl.setObjectName("lbl")
        self.lcdNumber = QtWidgets.QLCDNumber(self.centralwidget)
        self.lcdNumber.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(340, 170, 151, 23))
        self.lcdNumber.setObjectName("lcdNumber")
        self.getserialbtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.getserialbtn.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(210, 50, 75, 23))
        self.getserialbtn.setObjectName("getserialbtn")
        self.chuckrealeasebtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.chuckrealeasebtn.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 120, 75, 23))
        self.chuckrealeasebtn.setObjectName("chuckrealeasebtn")
        self.runbtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.runbtn.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(580, 70, 91, 61))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setPointSize(28)
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.runbtn.setFont(font)
        self.runbtn.setCheckable(False)
        self.runbtn.setObjectName("runbtn")
        self.textEdit = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.textEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 50, 151, 31))
        self.textEdit.setObjectName("textEdit")
        self.stopbtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.stopbtn.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(680, 70, 91, 61))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setPointSize(28)
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.stopbtn.setFont(font)
        self.stopbtn.setObjectName("stopbtn")
        self.exitbtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.exitbtn.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(740, 370, 75, 23))
        self.exitbtn.setObjectName("exitbtn")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.lbl.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Enter serial #"))
        self.getserialbtn.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Enter"))
        self.chuckrealeasebtn.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "chuck"))
        self.runbtn.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Run"))
        self.stopbtn.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Stop"))
        self.exitbtn.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Exit"))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())