创建一个监听多个表的全局触发器

Posted 2023-03-29

【中文标题】创建一个监听多个表的全局触发器

【英文标题】：Creating a global trigger that listens to multiple tables

【发布时间】：2012-02-13 20:59:31

【问题描述】：

我想在 Oracle 11g 中创建一个全局触发器。可用于审计大约 100 个表。多个表可以触发单个触发器。如果是，那么我该如何实现呢？

【参考方案1】：

我想在 oracle 11g 中创建一个全局触发器，可用于审计大约 100 个表

您是否有理由要重新发明***？为什么不使用 Oracle 的内置审计功能？

Oracle Base 提供了一些关于如何开始审计的基本信息：

可以通过设置 AUDIT_TRAIL 静态参数来启用审计，该参数具有以下允许值。

AUDIT_TRAIL =  none | os | db | db,extended | xml | xml,extended 

以下列表提供了每个设置的说明：

none or false - Auditing is disabled.
db or true - Auditing is enabled, with all audit records stored in the database audit trial (SYS.AUD$).
db,extended - As db, but the SQL_BIND and SQL_TEXT columns are also populated.
xml- Auditing is enabled, with all audit records stored as XML format OS files.
xml,extended - As xml, but the SQL_BIND and SQL_TEXT columns are also populated.
os- Auditing is enabled, with all audit records directed to the operating system's audit trail.

要启用对数据库审计跟踪的审计，启用对 db 的审计

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET audit_trail=db,extended SCOPE=SPFILE;

System altered.

关闭并重新启动数据库

SQL> SHUTDOWN
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> STARTUP
ORACLE instance started.

现在审核SELECTS、INSERTS、UPDATES、DELETES 由用户cube 执行此操作：

CONNECT sys/password AS SYSDBA

AUDIT ALL BY cube BY ACCESS;
AUDIT SELECT TABLE, UPDATE TABLE, INSERT TABLE, DELETE TABLE BY cube BY ACCESS;

可以通过查询DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL调出审核日志

进一步阅读：

Auditing Fine grained auditing Configuring and administering auditing