Django：MEDIA_URL 返回页面未找到

Posted 2023-03-21

【中文标题】Django：MEDIA_URL 返回页面未找到

【英文标题】：Django: MEDIA_URL returns Page Not Found

【发布时间】：2012-05-11 14:08:40

【问题描述】：

settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Django settings for basic pinax project.

import os.path
import posixpath

PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))

DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG

# tells Pinax to serve media through the staticfiles app.
SERVE_MEDIA = DEBUG

# django-compressor is turned off by default due to deployment overhead for
# most users. See <URL> for more information
COMPRESS = False

INTERNAL_IPS = [
    "127.0.0.1",
]

ADMINS = [
    # ("Your Name", "[e-mail]"),
]

MANAGERS = ADMINS

DATABASES = 
    "default": 
        "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.sqlite3", # Add "postgresql_psycopg2", "postgresql", "mysql", "sqlite3" or "oracle".
        "NAME": "dev.db",                       # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
        "USER": "",                             # Not used with sqlite3.
        "PASSWORD": "",                         # Not used with sqlite3.
        "HOST": "",                             # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
        "PORT": "",                             # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.
    


# Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
# although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
# If running in a Windows environment this must be set to the same as your
# system time zone.
TIME_ZONE = "US/Eastern"

# Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
# http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
LANGUAGE_CODE = "en-us"

SITE_ID = 1

# If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
# to load the internationalization machinery.
USE_I18N = True

# Absolute path to the directory that holds media.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/"
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, "static")

# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash if there is a path component (optional in other cases).
# Examples: "http://media.lawrence.com", "http://example.com/media/"
MEDIA_URL = "/site_media/media/"

# Absolute path to the directory that holds static files like app media.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/apps/"
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, "site_media", "static")

# URL that handles the static files like app media.
# Example: "http://media.lawrence.com"
STATIC_URL = "/site_media/static/"

# Additional directories which hold static files
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, "static"),
    os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, "media"),
]

STATICFILES_FINDERS = [
    "staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder",
    "staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder",
    "staticfiles.finders.LegacyAppDirectoriesFinder",
    "compressor.finders.CompressorFinder",
]

# URL prefix for admin media -- CSS, javascript and images. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://foo.com/media/", "/media/".
ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX = posixpath.join(STATIC_URL, "admin/")

# Subdirectory of COMPRESS_ROOT to store the cached media files in
COMPRESS_OUTPUT_DIR = "cache"

# Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
SECRET_KEY = "HIDDEN"

# List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = [
    "django.template.loaders.filesystem.load_template_source",
    "django.template.loaders.app_directories.load_template_source",
]

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = [
    "django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware",
    "django_openid.consumer.SessionConsumer",
    "django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware",
    "pinax.apps.account.middleware.LocaleMiddleware",
    "pagination.middleware.PaginationMiddleware",
    "pinax.middleware.security.HideSensistiveFieldsMiddleware",
    "debug_toolbar.middleware.DebugToolbarMiddleware",
]

ROOT_URLCONF = "ezstyler.urls"

TEMPLATE_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, "templates"),
]

TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = [
    "django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
    "django.core.context_processors.debug",
    "django.core.context_processors.i18n",
    "django.core.context_processors.media",
    "django.core.context_processors.request",
    "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",

    "staticfiles.context_processors.static",

    "pinax.core.context_processors.pinax_settings",

    "pinax.apps.account.context_processors.account",

    "notification.context_processors.notification",
    "announcements.context_processors.site_wide_announcements",
]

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    # Django
    "django.contrib.admin",
    "django.contrib.auth",
    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
    "django.contrib.sessions",
    "django.contrib.sites",
    "django.contrib.messages",
    "django.contrib.humanize",

    "pinax.templatetags",

    # theme
    "pinax_theme_foundation",

    # external
    "notification", # must be first
    "staticfiles",
    "compressor",
    "debug_toolbar",
    "mailer",
    "django_openid",
    "timezones",
    "emailconfirmation",
    "announcements",
    "pagination",
    "idios",
    "metron",

    # Pinax
    "pinax.apps.account",
    "pinax.apps.signup_codes",

    # project
    "about",
    "profiles",
    "outfits",
]

FIXTURE_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, "fixtures"),
]

MESSAGE_STORAGE = "django.contrib.messages.storage.session.SessionStorage"

EMAIL_BACKEND = "mailer.backend.DbBackend"

ABSOLUTE_URL_OVERRIDES = 
    "auth.user": lambda o: "/profiles/profile/%s/" % o.username,


AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE = "profiles.Profile"
NOTIFICATION_LANGUAGE_MODULE = "account.Account"

ACCOUNT_OPEN_SIGNUP = True
ACCOUNT_USE_OPENID = False
ACCOUNT_REQUIRED_EMAIL = False
ACCOUNT_EMAIL_VERIFICATION = False
ACCOUNT_EMAIL_AUTHENTICATION = False
ACCOUNT_UNIQUE_EMAIL = EMAIL_CONFIRMATION_UNIQUE_EMAIL = False

AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = [
    "pinax.apps.account.auth_backends.AuthenticationBackend",
]

LOGIN_URL = "/account/login/" # @@@ any way this can be a url name?
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URLNAME = "what_next"
LOGOUT_REDIRECT_URLNAME = "home"

EMAIL_CONFIRMATION_DAYS = 2
EMAIL_DEBUG = DEBUG

DEBUG_TOOLBAR_CONFIG = 
    "INTERCEPT_REDIRECTS": False,


# local_settings.py can be used to override environment-specific settings
# like database and email that differ between development and production.
try:
    from local_settings import *
except ImportError:
    pass

如果有帮助，urls.py：

from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
from outfits.views import *
import settings

urlpatterns = patterns("",
    # Outfits
    url(r'^$', outfit_list, name='outfit_list'),
    url(r'^new/$', outfit_create, name='outfit_create'),
    url(r'^detail/(\d+)/$', outfit_detail, name='outfit_detail'),
    url(r'^update/(\d+)/$', outfit_update, name='outfit_update'),
    url(r'^delete/(\d+)/$', outfit_delete, name='outfit_delete'),
    # Products
    url(r'^detail/(\d+)/add/confirm/$', product_confirm, name='product_confirm'),
    url(r'^outfit_displayImg/$', outfits_displayImg),
    url(r'^detail/(\d+)/add/$', product_add, name='product_add'),
    url(r'^detail/(\d+)/update/(\d+)$', product_update, name='product_update'),
    url(r'^detail/(\d+)/delete/(\d+)$', product_delete, name='product_delete'),
)

if settings.DEBUG:
    urlpatterns += patterns('',
        url(r'^site_media/media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', 'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT, 'show_indexes': True),
)

所以在我的模板 MEDIA_URL p.images 中返回正确的 URL http://127.0.0.1:8000/site_media/media/products/co_macysLogo3.gif，但是当我打开它时，我得到 Page Not Found。

文件在那里，所以我不确定它为什么抱怨。我已经查看了关于 SO 的 3 或 4 个其他问题，这些问题与我的相似，但他们的答案都没有解决我的问题。奇怪的是我的 STATIC_URL 工作得很好，但不是 MEDIA_URL。如果可以的话，我当然会使用 STATIC_URL，只是为了让我的应用程序正常工作，但不幸的是 Django 的 ImageField upload_to 参数只将图像上传到媒体文件夹。

更新：将 MEDIA_ROOT 更改为 MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, "static") 并通过 STATIC_URL p.images 调用我的图像解决了这个问题。我希望有更好的方法。我仍然不明白为什么 Django 不能从 MEDIA_URL 提供图像文件。

【问题讨论】：

你使用的是 Django 开发服务器，还是 nginx 之类的？

Django 开发服务器。为什么？如果它在 Heroku、dotCloud 或 EC2 上会有影响吗？它最终会被部署，嗯，就像明天一样。

你检查你的 urls.py 映射了吗？对我来说，这听起来更像是视图/处理程序丢失的问题。

你的意思是这个 urlpatterns += patterns('', (r'^media/(?P.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', ' document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT, 'show_indexes':True), )?是的，我有。

你运行过 ./manage.py collectstatic 吗？然后可能在模板中使用 STATIC_URL。

【参考方案1】：

在 urls.py 中的if settings.DEBUG 下添加以下行

(r'^site-media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', 'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT, 'show_indexes':True),

或设置MEDIA_URL = "/media/"

staticfiles 提供静态文件，对于媒体文件，您必须明确指定服务路径。

更新

当使用文件后端存储媒体文件时，例如ImageField(upload_to='product')，会在MEDIA_ROOT/product/foo中创建一个名为foo的文件； page中文件的URL为MEDIA_URL/product/foo；在开发服务器上，你必须配置urls.py来服务'MEDIA_URL/(?<path>.*)$'的请求，其中路径是product/foo。

【讨论】：

@BluePonyInc.请尝试^site-media/media/(?P<path>.*)$'

@BluePonyInc.嗯..你能发布你的新版本 settings.py 和 url.py 吗？记得把^site-media/media/...放在^media/...前面或者直接修改。

@BluePonyInc.使用site_media 而不是site-media。你MEDIA_URL是site_media

@BluePonyInc.您当前的配置将尝试访问static/products/co_macysLogo3.gif 以获得http://127.0.0.1:8000/site_media/media/products/co_macysLogo3.gif。您可以将 gif 文件复制到 static/products/co_macysLogo3.gif 以测试它是否有效

是的，它就像我在问题更新中提到的那样工作，但我必须将 MEDIA_ROOT 指向 /static/。更大的问题是为什么 Django 不识别 /media/ 文件夹？

【参考方案2】：

网址格式与您的 MEDIA_URL 不一致。您可以将设置中的 MEDIA_URL 更改为“/media/”以匹配您的 url 设置。

【参考方案3】：

我认为这是真的，没关系

(r'^site-media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', 'document_root': 'media/your/path'),

然后检查您的文件是否存在于此路径中

意味着你必须在媒体路径中有products/co_macysLogo3.gif

【参考方案4】：

只是一个简单的例子，说明在我的一个项目中什么对我有用。 设置.py

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'site_media', 'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/site_media/media/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'site_media', 'static')
SITE_MEDIA_URL = '/site_media/'
STATIC_URL = '/site_media/'
ADMIN_TOOLS_MEDIA_URL = '/site_media/'
ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX = posixpath.join(STATIC_URL, "admin/")
STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'site_media'),)

urls.py

if settings.SERVE_MEDIA:
    urlpatterns += patterns("",
        (r'^site_media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve',
            'document_root': settings.STATIC_ROOT, 'show_indexes': True ),
        (r'^static/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve',
            'document_root': settings.STATIC_ROOT, ),

models.py

image = ImageField(upload_to='products/product_type', blank=True, null=True)

模板（简体）

<img src="object.image.url" >

【参考方案5】：

在您的 urls.py 文件中，您需要执行以下操作：

from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static


if settings.DEBUG:
    urlpatterns += static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT)
    urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)